Abstract This paper examines the transformation of the traditional American family and the impact of the non-traditional family in today's world. The paper explains that the non-traditional family is called a "blended family" and is more prevalent today than thirty years ago because divorce rates are rising and remarriages are much more common. The paper notes that significant changes are occurring in the marriage patterns in the United States, as individuals are postponing marriage until later in life and more people are choosing not to get married. The paper also points out that the area where change is most apparent centers around patterns of child-bearing. The paper then discusses the various types of non-traditional families. The paper contends that , for all types of non-traditional families, the changes will only come from shifts in cultural prejudices and this kind of change will be slow, but there are signs that some preliminary movement is beginning to take place.
From the Paper "The image of the American family looks and functions very differently than families of the past few decades. Men and women raised in the 1960's and 1970's when programs such as "Ozzie and Harriet" and "Father Knows Best" exemplify the average family, are likely to find themselves in situations that have changed dramatically. Research claims that many family structures are common: single-parent families, remarried couples, unmarried couples, step families, foster families, multi-generational families, extended families, and the doubling up of two families within the same home. Marriage, divorce, and patterns of childbirth are some of the factors that have contributed to these significant changing families. With these changes come the possibility of remarriage and the creation of new families which bring together parents and children without blood ties."
Tags: divorce, remarriage, cultural, prejudice, child-bearing, population
Abstract This paper discusses the phenomenon of the black bear's reappearance in the state of New Jersey. It gives a description of the bear's eating and hunting habits and looks at the problem of poaching and extinction facing this species. The paper describes the growth pattern the bears follow, its reproduction rate and relation to its offspring. It also looks at wildlife control problems facing the authorities.
From the Paper "The black bear, ursus americanus, has made a comeback in the state of New Jersey. The black bear is the smallest and most widely distributed member of the bear family. (Barker 143) It has several color phases and is usually black and shiny. Their weight normally is about 200 to 300 pounds, although 600-pound specimens have been reported. Their total length is 4 ? to 6 ? feet. The male is solitary most of the year, but during mating season, he may choose one or more females to be with. The cubs are born in January or February while the mother is hibernating. Usually two cubs are in a litter but sometimes only one is born and, as many as five can be born, which is rare."
Abstract This nine page paper examines why global warming has become the primary threat facing polar bears. The writer looks at the Arctic polar bear population, which has been estimated to be approximately twenty-five thousand, of which about fifteen-thousand are in Canada, and has been impacted in a number of negative ways by climate change caused by air pollution. For example, the writer notes studies which have documented measurable effects in the body sizes and reproductive success of bears at Hudson's Bay and in other Arctic regions, and data that indicates that these changes are due to gradual climate change in the Arctic because of global warming.
From the Paper "Based upon studies conducted over the last twenty years, many scientists have concluded that global warming has become the primary threat facing polar bears. The Arctic polar bear population, which has been estimated to be approximately twenty-five thousand, of which about fifteen-thousand are in Canada, has been impacted in a number of negative ways by climate change caused by air pollution. (Stirling 12) For example, studies have documented measurable effects in the body sizes and reproductive success of bears at Hudson's Bay and in other Arctic regions, and data indicates that these changes are due to gradual climate change in the Arctic because of global warming."
Abstract This paper analyzes the Vermont Teddy Bear Company's history and describes the internal and external environmental scanning process used to evaluate its opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses. An EFAS and an IFAS table are included.
From the Paper "In The Vermont Teddy Bear Company Challenges Facing a New CEO the authors tell the story of the company's beginnings its innovative Bear-Gram concept-a teddy bear packaged with candies and a personal gift card delivered in a ..."
Abstract The paper explores how humans pose a threat to the survival of the earth. The paper discusses the problem of global warming. Although some deny that it is a problem, this paper argues that it is indeed a problem, and that it poses a massive threat to the earth, and specifically, to polar bears.
Abstract The paper explores the role of the child protection agencies in protecting our children and questions whether state laws are helping or hindering the process. The paper explains the types of abuse and presents research data that demonstrates the increase in child abuse every year. The paper also reviews the history of child abuse and discusses the challenges that are faced today by the child protection system and what can be done to improve the child protective services (CPS).
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
What is Child Abuse and Neglect?
History of Child Abuse
Types of Abuse
What Factors Contribute to Child Abuse?
Understanding the Impact of Historic Policies on Child Maltreatment
Child Abuse and Neglect Laws and State Statutes
The Role of Child Protective Services
The Consequences of Child Abuse
Social Intervention Strategies
Conclusion
Recommendations for Policy Changes
From the Paper "According to Tzeng et al (1991) children throughout history have been the victims of child abuse. There have even been some archeological findings that have suggested that child abuse existed as far back as prehistoric times. In many societies corporal punishment was seen as the norm and was used to discipline children. Child abuse has also been used to educate children as it pertains to cultural and religious ideas and morals. The corporal punishment or abuse of children was also utilized to please gods or expel unwanted spirits.
"The author points out that in the rituals of ancient Greeks and Romans children were sacrificially killed. In addition in some civilizations fathers, in accordance with the Patria Protestas of 700 B.C., could legally trade, maim, or kill their children if the so desired. Children were also killed in Ancient Greek Societies when they were found to be deformed or retarded because it was believed that such children would weaken the society. This was allowed because children were believed to be property."
Abstract This paper examines the psychological implications of child abuse. It attempts to explain the problem of child abuse, identify factors that generate child abuse and explore the effects of child abuse on development. The paper reports that the United States Department of Health and Human Services contends that a variety of signs may be evident in a child that lives in an abusive environment. For the educator key signs of abuse may include injuries that are reported to the parent but that are left untreated for no apparent reason (Recognizing sec. 2). The child might display a sudden lack of interest in school coupled with the inability to complete assignments or provide homework in a customary fashion.
From the Paper "Child abuse has many terrible implications on a child's development. Several explanations of human development have been given through history to understand human behavior. Inside these diverse development concepts, psychology plays an outstanding part. These explanations recognize and explain the processes by which human beings, from a biological base, will undertake a road that will be good for them to reach maturity. Specific Objectives: * To explain the problem of child abuse * To identify the factors that generate child abuse. * To explore the effects of child abuse on development. A child needs to interact with his environment and in this way to establish a good quality of life, that is to say, the necessary conditions so the human being can reach a state that allows him to mature and adapt in a natural way and in reciprocity with his environment. For that reason when the conditions of the quality of..."
Abstract A six part paper on the issue of child abuse. The paper defines and offers a history of child abuse. It then evaluates why child abuse exists according to control theory and anomy theory and how socialization agents such as educational/school systems, family, mass media, and peer groups may intervene to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of child abuse is outlined. Finally it reviews the consequences for society/social institutions and future generations if child abuse is not eliminated or reduced.
From the Paper "Utilizing the principles of anomie theory in relation to child abuse, it could be argued that individuals who have become alienated, apathetic, and personal distress as a result of experiencing an emotional and/or financial loss due to the loss of a family member, job, or lover may be more likely to abuse their child. For example, an individual may be laid off from his or her job, become depressed and/or extremely alienated or apathetic, and then turn to alcohol and/or drugs for comfort. Given the alcohol and/or drugs tend to be a depressant, an individual may become overly sensitive and unable to control his or her emotions, which may lead that individual to abuse his or her child as a result of losing his or her perceived function, goals, position, purpose, or status in life."
Abstract Describes the current state and extent of child mining in Tanzania. Elaborates on the prepathogenesis of child labor in Tanzania. Discusses primary prevention involving mobile health clinics for child laborers, i.e. vaccinations, primary care, hearing and vision protection, and informal public health classes on water & sanitation, STD/HIV/AIDS, and child rights.
Outline:
Scope of the Problem: Child Workers and Small-Scale Mining in Tanzania
Pre-Pathogenesis
Primary Prevention
From the Paper "An estimated one million children work in small-scale mining and quarrying throughout the world. These children carry heavy loads, inhale dust and other particles, work in small spaces underground with no ventilation, and stand for long periods of time knee- or hip deep in water. They work long hours, on average ten to fourteen hours per day. They are paid low wages, sometimes none at all if they work with their families as a unit. According to the International Labor Organization, mining/quarrying activities is classified as one of the worst forms of child labor (Ofosu, 2001). The extent to which the involvement of children in mining/quarrying negatively impacts their short- and long-term health outcomes categorizes this phenomenon as a major public health problem."
Abstract This paper examines how the author, a specialist in child care and a teacher of special need children, addresses the sensitive issue of a child abuse victim being accused of a horrible crime to another child. This paper discusses the sensitive issues of the book and how it can be used as a guide for both a teacher and a parent when addressing children with special needs.
From the Paper "The book One Child by Torey L. Hayden details the psychological and physical rehabilitation of a young girl named Sheila who had committed a horrific crime against another child. Sheila however, was herself the victim of a crime. Sheila was abandoned by her mother on a highway. The author of this nonfiction, first-person account named Torey Hayden, the girl's teacher, had to deal with both the young girl's loss of her mother, which motivated the girl to commit such an action. Hayden also had to deal with losses the girl experienced because of the unconscionable living environment she finds herself in. This book is instructive for a student of nursing as well as a student of teaching because it illustrates how loss is not always a concrete event, especially in the life of a child. Rather, loss becomes part of the development of the child's personality unless intervention and proper counseling occur."
Abstract This paper looks at the California law regarding child abuse, child abuse statistics, the foster care system, returning children to abusive homes, alternatives, removing children permanently form the home, and the effects in later life of abuse in childhood. The paper also makes a recommendation of how abused children should be treated.
From the Paper "Under California law, child abuse or neglect includes physical injury inflicted by other than accidental means upon a child by another person, sexual abuse, neglect, wilful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment, unlawful corporal punishment or injury and is against the law. Neglect means the negligent treatment or the mistreatment of a child by a person responsible for the child's welfare, severe neglect means the negligent failure of a person having the care of custody of a child ,to protect the child from severe malnutrition or medically diagnosed..."
Abstract In this essay, the writer discusses a research proposal to determine whether the use of a certain kind of anti-child abuse training in high school - using a form of "Think It Over" dolls - can effectively reduce the incidence of child abuse. This study is thus necessarily a longitudinal one and may (because of the complexity of the issue of child abuse) be less conclusive than one might like. However, the writer claims that an intervention strategy that reduces child abuse even to a small degree would be worth considering given the stakes involved.
From the Paper "We all know that child abuse is a terrible thing. We also know as a society many of the conditions that make parents and other adults more likely to abuse children. And yet despite our collective revulsion at child abuse and despite the fact that we are aware of the contributing conditions to child abuse, the rates at which children are neglected or abused continue at horrifyingly high levels. Federal and state statistics indicate that child abuse and neglect collectively are either the primary or a secondary cause of ... "
Abstract The writer of this article defines and discusses the issues and statistics surrounding the issue of child abuse and neglect. In this paper, a definition of child abuse is provided. The writer also discusses the short and long term effects of child abuse.
From the Paper "Child abuse is currently in the news seemingly more now than ever, however it is a problem that has been around throughout the ages. Child abuse is usually self-perpetuating and unlikely to stop unless the causes of the abuse are recognized and a concerted effort made by the community to prevent the cycle of abuse to continue. The social problem of child maltreatment has come to be predominantly defined as physical child abuse. The best definition of child abuse is a general ... "
Tags:child abuse, child neglect, causes of abuse and neglect
Abstract Child abuse is a serious social problem that has become increasingly prominent over the last few decades. Does this reflect a rise in child abuse, or are we simply more conscious of it? Are actual cases of child abuse rising or declining? This paper shows that although the incidence of child abuse does appear to be on the increase, this is not necessarily true.
Abstract This ten page paper warns that child abuse is a problem of tragic proportions in the United States, for each year approximately three million innocent children are physically and psychologically abused, according to child protective service agencies in the United States. The paper suggests that child abuse in America is much worse than statistics indicate, for child abuse incidents are concealed much more often than they are detected and adjudicated.
From the Paper "This shocking evidence compels policymakers at every level of government to confront the reality that child abuse has reached epidemic proportions in America, primarily because of the criminal negligence of local, state, and federal authorities and policy makers, who have consistently failed to acknowledge the scope and severity of child abuse."
