Abstract
In this article, the writer examines Chief Seattle's use of language in his "Letter to President Pierce" in 1855. The writer points out that Chief Seattle writes from a position of vulnerability, which affects his use of rhetorical devices throughout his speech. The writer discusses that Seattle uses poetic language to express his peoples' views, evidently hoping that emotion will sway a leader who has more economic and military power at his disposal. Further, the writer looks at Chief Seattle's use of irony and provides a rhetorical analysis of the letter.

From the Paper
"Bitter honesty and resignation rather than hope defines the letter. Seattle's letter is more like the last words of a dying man than someone writing a plea for consideration. It is as if Seattle believes his tribe's fate is sealed, and at best he can make an appeal to Pierce to honor the land his tribe must leave, because he fears (with good evidence) that the whites will destroy that land.
"Seattle uses poetic language to express his peoples' views, evidently hoping that emotion will sway a leader who has more economic and military power at his disposal. But always, his bluntness comes through and he is not submissive or flattering towards President Pierce and the American nation ..."

Tags:forces, foreboding, tone, words

Abstract
This paper discusses the tragedy of the commons, explaining the concept of "commons" as any kind of resource which is divided up and shared by a group of people. The paper examines issues of ownership as opposed to stewardship. The paper analyzes Chief Seattle's well-known 1854 speech regarding possession of the land, in which he expounds upon a Native-American belief of stewardship of the land.

From the Paper
"As capitalists first and Americans second, we believe strongly in the concept of ownership. We own and use the Earth and the material goods Earth's raw materials help us produce, and feel a proprietary command over them. When Communism developed as an alternative to the concept of unadulterated ownership, we responded with the fear and anger of one whose child had been taken. Ownership of the land, its materials and its spoils are more integral to American society and thought than any other characteristics or facets. However, this concept is subject to the limitations and inevitable truth of the tragedy of the commons, and we will eventually be dupes to this incontrovertible logic."

Tags:stewardship, possession, earth, native, american

Abstract
This paper contains a personal mission statement and an explanation of three things the student can do to minimize his/her environmental impact.

From the Paper
"My personal mission statement is to pursue lifelong learning and have an impact on my culture through what I learn. Three things I could change in my lifestyle to minimize my impact on the environment is to stop using plastic bags, stop drinking bottled water and stop using toxic household chemicals for cleaning. I have not stopped using plastic bags because of the inconvenience of carrying around my own durable bag everywhere I go. It is simply easier to let the store..."

Tags:personal mission statement, minimize environmental impact

Abstract
The president of the United States is known as the commander in chief, the chief of state, the chief administrator and the chief legislator. This paper explores how the presidents of the past and the present have carried out those duties, and what those duties mean. It also examines how the "chief" roles of the president have changed throughout history and how the presidency is much different now than it was in the past.

From the Paper
"The President of the United States is a Chief. He is the head of several governmental areas and is seen as the responsible party for these areas. He is the Chief of State, Chief Administrator, Chief Legislator and Chief of the United States armed forces. His leadership in these areas has, over time, changed. The Presidency has evolved to a point where the President of the United States has more power than any other person or office in the United States. This power has at times been bestowed upon the office of the President and it has, at times been usurped by the President in office. Each time that the Presidency has gained power in the past it has not given up its gains. In law, there is a principle known as stare decisis. It means that every decision that is made by a judge is predicated on the decisions of judges past. It is rare that a judge breaks from the legal precedent. The same goes for the Presidency. Over the past 220 years the office has gained power and the "Chief" has become more and more involved in all aspects of governance."

Tags:administrator, chief, commander, executive, history, presidency

Abstract
There are many environmental groups which have a tremendous effect on the policy of the United States with regards to the environment. This paper explores how three of these groups, the Sierra Club, Environmental Defense, and the National Audubon Society have exerted their power to effect federal governmental policy. The paper gives the background and mission of these organizations as well as some notable accomplishments and further goes on to explore their sources of power in exerting their influence as well as the claims that they have too much undue influence over federal government policy.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Sierra Club
Environmental Defense
National Audubon Society
Influence of Environmental Groups
Conclusion

From the Paper
"These are some heavy charges to be levied against the environmental groups and those who the Center for the Defense of Free enterprise feels are in concert with it. One of the reasons this group might feel this way is because groups such as the Sierra Club, Environmental defense, and the national Audubon Society have pushed for years to keep the rainforests from being cut down which hurts the interest of lumber group. They have also pushed for tougher standards for car emissions hurting the interests of car makers, and they have pushed for standards on how companies can dispose of their waste products which often costs companies millions to comply."

Tags:Sierra, Environmental, Defense, National, Audubon, Society

Abstract
This paper reviews an article entitled: "ISO 14001: A Case of Cultural Myopia" published in the Eco-Management and Auditing Journal in June, 2000 by John Moxen and Peter A. Strachen and relates that the purpose of the article is to add to the process of evaluation of the efficacy of the ISO 14001 system of environmental management. The paper comments that the system's purpose is for ensuring that environmental policies are translated properly by corporations from the environmental policies into the behaviors of the organization and specifically for combating "organizational barriers to policy implementation." After discussing the situation the paper comments that it is obvious from the review of this journal article that ISO 14001 does not hold great promise for enabling successful and effective environmental management within corporations.

From the Paper
"The danger presented by ISO 14001 is that it has the capacity to create additional barriers to effective and creative environmental management strategies and solutions. The systems of hierarchy prescribed in ISO 14001 are very likely to effectuate what Moxen and Strachen term a "role culture" which is a culture that vests much value in tradition and precedents and observation of rules of a formal nature and is a culture that effectively places impassable barriers to creative and innovative strategic environmental management. Moxen and Strachen conclude by stating that "environmental programmes are more likely to be implemented successfully when environmental management systems are organic and support a task-based culture."

Tags:development, effectiveness, environmental, management, capacities

Abstract
This paper details environmental awareness management. Three companies are examined via surveys, one-on-one interviews, a focus group, and records searches to further elucidate the character of environmental awareness among managers and regular employees. The paper discusses how findings are clear, showing that employees were environmentally aware and that both managers and companies were definitively engaged in environmental foci. The paper notes that results and secondary research references were utilized in an analysis with recommendations thereof which suggest that education, training, technology, and government leadership are requisite to further awareness building and the success of environmental strategies. The conclusion of the paper is that these efforts would only come about with a collective social will to achieve the desired objectives.

From the Paper
"Directed Research Project on Environmental Awareness Management in the Workplace is submitted as my own research for approval by the Graduate Faculty of Strayer University in candidacy for the degree of Master's of Business..."

Tags:environmental, awareness, management

Abstract
This paper focuses on environmental scanning, a process involving gathering, analyzing and dispensing information for the purpose of formulating strategic moves that will give a company a competitive advantage. The paper provides details on research from an environmental scan conducted for ManTech International that includes the remote, industry and operating environment. The paper also identifies changes that are expected to affect ManTech International. The author suggests how ManTech can benefit from the environmental scan by using the external and internal sources of information received from the environmental analysis to identify challenges and opportunities.

Outline:
Remote, Industry and Operating Environment
SWOT Analysis
Strategic Long Term Objectives
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Formulating strategic long term objectives can be achieved through profitability, productivity, Competitive Positioning, Employee Development, Employee Relations, Technological Leadership and Public Responsibility. One of ManTech's long-term objective will involve dominating the defense contractor industry. This strategy falls under the competitive positioning strategy. Currently Lockheed Martin, our competitor holds the dominating status. The status is obtained through greatest revenue. Employee development is the second long-term objective for ManTech. Developing employees through education and training not only provide the employees with chance for higher pay and job security, but it also provides ManTech with greater productivity levels and a decrease in employee turnover."

Tags:case study, strategic planning, environmental scan

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the rise of the environmental movement in the west. The writer makes specific reference to the characteristics of the environmental movement, with the objective of finding out how to maximize membership of the environmental movement.

From the Paper
This paper attempts to gain insight into the dynamics of the environmental movement, specifically in regard to its growth in the West. This is done by reviewing the relevant literature, theories and studies.

Tags:ecocide, environmental, movement

Abstract
This paper discusses environmental racism and reveals the nature of environmental justice and its demands. It explores the effect of pollution on low-income populations from a positive and negative perspective. It examines the disproportionate number of waste sites placed in poor and blighted neighborhoods by corporations.

From the Paper
"Environmental racism exists wherever low income or minority communities bear a disproportionate exposure to the pollutants put into the environment by major corporations. Hazardous waste sites are all too often placed in already blighted communities inhabited ..."

Tags:environmental justice, environmental racism, pollution, hazardous waste sites, minorities, low-income communities