Abstract This paper examines in-depth the thrice-revised fictional work of Beatrice Culleton Mosionier's writings concerning the issues of a most unusual family. This book is influenced by events in the author's life including rape and alcoholism giving the novel an authenticity that is often mistaken for autobiography. This paper also touches on the issue of foster care which as been improved as a result of "In Search of April Raintree."
Topics covered in this report include:
Thesis Statement
Construction of the Work
April and Cheryl, the Early Years
The Hardening Years
The Maturing Years
The Rape Scene
Michael Creal - Critical Essay
Helen Hoy
Bibliography
From the Paper "Rape of women and children has long been glorified in literature and popular media. When Culleton wrote this book, the largely white, middle-class feminist movement was beginning to speak of such things frankly and openly. Culleton's book, with its matter of fact, almost dispassionate rendering of the rape scene, reminded all women that misogyny is compounded by racism. With profound understatement, Culleton reminds people everywhere of what it is to be an Aboriginal woman in Canada."
Tags: rape, women, foster, care, alcoholism, review, literature, cheryl, suzack
Abstract This paper reviews the literature of three contemporary African American female writers: Cheryl L. West's "Before It Hits Home" about the effects of AIDS on a black family;Suzan-Lori Parks' "The America Play" about a coming of age pregnant black teenager; and Pearl Cleage's "Looks Like Crazy" which also deals with issues of HIV in a black woman's life.
From the Paper "When women started getting organized to pursue mutual goals back in the mid-19th century, little did they realize what an enormous impact they would be having generations later. "On July 13, 1848, five women met for tea in Seneca Falls, New York. The repercussions of that afternoon's conversation are still being felt around the world" (USA: Celebrating 150th Anniversary of Women's Rights Movement 1998:80). In this regard, the Women's Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, represented the beginning of the battle for equal rights for women in America."
Tags: african, american, playwright, literature, feminism, aids, hiv
Abstract Psychologists, criminologists, and people in law enforcement use varying perspectives to approach the problem of juvenile crime. This paper compares two of these approaches, namely, the Russell N. Cassel et. al.?s, quantitative study, entitled "Comparing the Cognitive Dissonance of 116 Juvenile Delinquent boys with that of 215 Typical High School Students", and Cheryl Thompson's theoretical inquiry, entitled ?The Disposables: Our Treatment of Violent Adolescents.? The paper shows that both papers present interesting psychological factors that contribute to criminal and delinquent behavior among the youth. Both studies reach similar conclusions: that the lack of proper psychological, emotional, and intellectual stimulus lays a foundation for criminal behavior in young men.
From the Paper "The Thompson study, on the other hand, assumes that attachment disorder is an early root of serious, and even violent criminal behavior. She alludes to the role of ethnicity, observing that young African American men who have access to an extended family fare better than their counterparts who grow up with a single mother. The importance of an extended family, for example, could be challenged by the many single parents who have successfully raised children on their own."
Abstract This paper discusses a "New York Times" article written by Cheryl Dahle, "Turning a Follower into the Next Leader". The paper explains that the article counsels human resource managers to create better leadership and better company comradeship and cohesion by implementing effective mentoring strategies and standard operating procedures throughout the organization. The paper examines the pharmaceutical manufacturer, Pfizer, in relation to the ideas presented in the article.
From the Paper "The pharmacy industry finds itself increasingly beset from all sides. Even the drug manufacturing giants of the world such as Pfizer are taking a heavy financial and regulatory pummeling by the stock market and in the media. It has become increasingly important for human rights departments within the health care and pharmaceutical industry to foster sound leadership strategies throughout their whole organization, and not just at the top of the organizations they help manage. A recent New York Times article entitled "Turning a Follower Into the Next Leader" counsels human resource managers to create better leadership and better company comradeship and cohesion by implementing effective mentoring strategies and standard operating procedures throughout the organization. (Dahle, 2005)"
Abstract "Saints in Exile: The Holiness-Pentecostal Experience in African-American Religion and Culture" was written by Cheryl J. Sanders and published by Oxford University Press in 1996. The author is Associate Professor of Christian Ethics at the Howard University School of Divinity, and Associate Pastor for Leadership Development at the Third Street Church of God in Washington D.C. This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes Sanders' book, explaining that the primary focus of the book is the thematic importance of exile in the development of the Sanctified Church.
Abstract The paper analyzes a study "Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Due to Childbirth- The Aftermath" by Cheryl Tatano Beck that investigates post-traumatic stress disorder in relation to childbirth. The paper looks at the design, purpose, variables, hypotheses, sample and setting and the study instruments used.
Outline:
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Question
Hypotheses
Study Variables
Conceptual Model/Theoretical Framework
Review of Related Literature
Study Design
Sample and Setting
Identification and Control of Extraneous Variables
Study Instruments/Tools
From the Paper "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is classified as a mental disorder by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). It commonly occurs in individuals who had extremely traumatic experiences. The disorder is most commonly reported among war veterans.
"Problematic childbirth can also be a traumatic experience for mothers that can lead to PTSD. It is estimated that worldwide, there is a 1.5 to 6% prevalence of childbirth-induced PTSD. Manifestations of PTSD have been reported as recurring nightmares, depression, interpersonal relationship problems, suicidal tendencies, and sexual avoidance."
Abstract The paper examines the Cheryl Hopwood case where a young white woman applied to the University of Texas Law School and was denied admission. The paper shows that four years later Hopwood, along with four other plaintiffs, filed a lawsuit against the University of Texas Law School for reverse discrimination. This paper provides specific reasons that support race-based admissions for colleges and universities. The paper points to the educational benefits students receive when they attended a diverse college.
From the Paper "Another educational benefit to college students is that studies have shown that a diverse campus contributes to better academic outcomes. In 1999, Gurin conducted a study of the educational benefits of college students who attended a diverse college campuses. Gurin found that White students, as well as minority students, reported higher levels of "diverse ideas and information" (10). Gurin also found in his study that students from diverse college campuses were more likely to show growth in their "active thinking processes" (10). That is, college students from diverse campuses scored higher test scores in complex thinking and social thinking than those from a more homogenous college campus. These students also had "higher levels of intellectual engagement and motivation" (21). Lastly, these students were more likely to aspire to go to graduate school (23). As seen in Gurin's study, college students from diverse campuses gained educational benefits."
Abstract This paper evaluates the conclusion of Mosionier's (1999) "In Search of April Raintree." The essay discusses the core issues of this novel, concerning Indian and Metis relations and the conflicts of identity and culture that characterise this struggle. The evaluation emphasises character development, particularly in the roles of Cheryl and April.
Abstract The paper examines the Texas and Federal climate of affirmative action, beginning with the repercussions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The paper then reviews the decision of "Cheryl J. Hopwood, et al., V. State of Texas, et al.", as an example of the state's role in creating and sustaining the subservience of preferred minorities (blacks and Mexicans) while conveniently disregarding the non-preferred minorities (Asians/Indians both Eastern and Western). In conclusion, the paper finds that while the media wish to make of civil rights a national issue with international overtones, the evidence is simply not there to support such claims.
Table of Contents:
Thesis Statement
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - What It Was and Was Not
The Synopsis - Hopwood v Texas
Conclusions
Bibliography
From the Paper "This therefore points up vividly, contemporaneously and enigmatically the role the state plays on every level in the areas of "making race," and "racial formations" within any given community where such activity takes place. For that matter community size as referenced particularly in Anthony W. Marx's work becomes rather a mute point in view of the Affirmative Action and Civil Rights cases of today. These actions and reactions shall take place in communities of every size. The fact this issue, affirmative action as dictated by Congress with the Civil Rights Act of 1964, is a long standing often bitter and divisive area among persons who under normal terms would not be at odds. Moreover, many are made to feel as pawns in a much larger game of political chess therefore in this round of litigation the nearness and smallness of community will and is being expressed.
"Thus we shall here review a case as it was adjudicated, how it has altered the roles of both parties, and discuss the probable outcomes of the revisiting this most important issue having such great impact upon everyone's role in the pursuit of life, liberty and happiness."
Abstract This paper provides a critical evaluation of two nursing articles, one experimental and one non-experimental, with respect to the soundness of the stated research question and the research methodology employed to deliver the appropriate answer or answers to the stated question. The articles reviewed are: "Improving the Retention Rate of Newly Graduated Nurses", Pam Almanda, et al. (2004, non-experimental) and "Nurse Internship Pathway to Clinical Comfort, Confidence and Competency", Cheryl Blanzola, et. al. (2004, experimental).
From the Paper "Unfortunately the hypothesis stated by Blanzola and her two co-authors set forth a hypothesis that was not only in null form but one that predicted an increase in core competency attainment visa via internship participation. The reason a direction is not suitable for experimental research lies in the area of attempting to explain that which did not happened. Attempting to give reason as to why a treatment (nursing internship) did not happen is fraught with subjective explanations and akin to discussing how many angles can be placed on a head of a pin. In other words, there is no reasonable answer."
Abstract This paper discusses how filmmakers have adapted Hollywood imagery to combat homophobia and racism in Hollywood and American society. The films and directors analyzed are "Boys Don't Cry" directed by Kimberly Peirce, "Watermelon Woman" by Cheryl Dunye, ?"Paris is Burning by Jennie Livingston , "Tongues Untied" by Marlon Riggs and "Looking for Langston" directed by Isaac Julien.
From the Paper "Until the end of the twentieth century the history of Hollywood cinema had been largely one of invisibility with respect to portrayals of homosexuals and African Americans. When homosexuals or African ..."
Abstract The paper explains that violence in entertainment and its effect on its audience is an issue that may never have a definitive answer. The paper discusses two articles, "Media Violence Research and Youth Violence Data: Why Do They Conflict?" by Cheryl K. Olsen and "Violent Video Games: The Newest Media Violence Hazard" by Douglas A. Gentile and Craig A. Anderson. The paper discusses their interesting and valid points on both sides of the topic. The paper relates that the ultimate responsibility lies in the hands of the parents when it comes to helping their children adjust to the societal pressures that childhood and adolescence provide. The paper discusses whether video games as part of training programs can be considered violent games. The paper demonstrates how this depends on the definition of violence which has not been explicitly identified.
From the Paper "Gentile and Anderson present a very interesting as well as convincing discussion of the reasons why violent video games could potentially be more harmful than violent television, however, it seems that the possibility of being able to use a violent video game as a healthy outlet for real-world frustrations and aggressions would make it difficult to accept this idea. Not only this, but because of the interactive nature of video games, it is possible that children can develop useful skills from playing the video games regardless of the violence level, whereas watching violent television is nothing more than quietly observing."
Abstract In this article, the writer looks chiefly at the native girl syndrome as it makes its appearance in the text and how the use of this slur by whites complicates the lives of the two protagonist, Cheryl and April Raintree. The writer discusses that part of the horror of the native girl syndrome is that it renders aboriginal women and young girls into little more than intemperate, slovenly and incontinent children who possess a "bad seed" that makes them susceptible to wrong-doing and also highly susceptible to being a drain upon the public purse. The writer maintains that the native girl syndrome, inasmuch as it reduces aboriginal women to lesser moral, intellectual and emotional beings than their white counterparts - also de-legitimates their voices and makes it more probable that they will be compelled to suffer injustice in silence. The paper explores these issues and also looks at how the native girl syndrome came about - it may even still be the case today - a rationale for tearing apart native families.
From the Paper "Cheryl and April are two young girls who suffer a great deal in Beatrice Culleton Mosionier's, In Search of April Raintree. For one thing, Culleton Mosionier's work describes in painful detail the various ways in which aboriginal peoples coming of age in 1950s and 1960s Canada were infantilized by the dominant culture. For one thing, the intrusion of Child Welfare Services into the inner goings-on of the Raintree family reveals the callous manner in which aboriginal peoples were perceived as "wards" who could do nothing - be nothing - without the mainstream culture imposing itself upon them. The book, at least in the view of one perceptive critic, suggests that the violence of the troubled aboriginal home is equaled by the more subtle violence of Child Services, a dark and dubious entity that tears children from their families or at least did in the 1950s and 1960s and undermines the autonomy and, indeed, the adult personages of aboriginal parents. The book is also painful in the sense that it captures how the "culture of violence" ascribed to the native culture is a designation better ascribed to the dominant culture of the age. To wit, April and Cheryl experience racism and ageism and sexism in the dominant culture and face punishment from that culture at every turn; in fact, there is even a frightening instance wherein April is brutally raped by a gang of men who react explosively when she denies their advances. In this sense, part of the native girl syndrome is to be viewed as an inferior being - emotionally, intellectually, morally - and therefore deserving of such brutal mistreatment."
