Abstract This paper discusses that decisions made around pregnancy can affect the child's future in many ways. The paper outlines the problems surrounding smoking and Cesarean Sections. The author concludes that to ensure that both the mother and baby are healthy throughout the pregnancy, women need to get regular medical checkups, eat healthily, exercise and refrain from alcohol, drugs or smoking.
From the Paper "Babies also have risks if the mother undergoes a C-Section. First, if the due date is not accurately calculated, the baby could be delivered too early. Next, babies born by cesarean are more likely to develop breathing problems such as transient tachypnea (abnormally fast breathing during the first few days after birth). Third, babies born by cesarean sometimes have low Apgar scores. While the low score may be an effect of the anesthesia and C-Section, the baby may have been in distress to begin with or was not stimulated as he or she would have been by vaginal birth."
The following paper compares Dr. Benjamin Spock's child rearing how-to manual, "The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care" to Steven P. Shelov ?Caring For Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5?.
Abstract This paper examines how both Dr. Spock's and Shelov's books tackle many of the same issues and topics and, while both put forward helpful and accurate suggestions. The earlier book by Dr.Spock tends to adopt a more relaxed and common sense approach, while Steven Shelov's book makes use of the recent advances in medical, psychological and technological knowledge to offer advice which embraces a more scientific and calculated strategy to childcare.
From the Paper ?During the last fifty years the world has witnessed many social, political and economic changes, and this has been mirrored in the advice and guidance offered to parents on the subject of child development. The world into which a child is born today is vastly different from that of 1946, when Dr. Benjamin Spock first released his child rearing how-to manual, The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care, and the nature of the advice offered, and the language with which it is conveyed is therefore far removed from that contained in the 1991 guidebook, Caring For Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5, edited by Steven P. Shelov. Yet, despite the many differences, the two books also contain a surprising number of similarities which suggests that, irrespective of the dramatic changes that may affect the lives of individuals, the fundamental problems associated with child rearing, and the effective solutions, remain constant.?
Abstract This paper discusses how tumor invasion and metastasis of cancer is one of the most deadly processes in the world today. Once the cancer has metastasized to other organs, the chances of successful recovery are greatly reduced. It looks at the importance for a patient with a prior history of cancer to have regular checkups and to understand which cancers commonly metastasize to certain organs, thus increasing the chances of survival of this dangerous killer.
From the Paper "Metastasis is controlled in part ?by messages embedded in the organs to which cancer spreads. Elements of the signals stimulating metastasis may come ?not from the tumor cells themselves but from the microenvironment (Couzin, 2003).? Cancer cells are able to identify the location of the new tumor and thrive. Specific cancers have been found to favor specific site, as seen in ?breast cancer which prefers the lungs and bone, and colon cancer which favors the liver (Couzin, 2003).? Stephen Paget, a British surgeon in 1889 developed the "seed and soil" theory, which ?argues that metastasis depends on matching certain types of ?seeds,? or cancer cells, with "soils" in which they are likely to grow (Couzin, 2003).? "
Abstract This paper discusses the suggestion by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists that all women should be screened for abuse when going to the doctor for a general checkup or other medical reasons. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this suggestion and points out that improper screening may put battered women in danger and that victims leaving their abusive partner are at increased risk of being harmed.
From the Paper "Increasingly, the importance of screening is being recognized. Conversely, it is understood how the lack of such screening can cause serious injuries and, in some cases, death. Wadman and Muelleman (1999) reported that 44 percent of all female victims of domestic homicide had been in the emergency room less than 2 years before their deaths; these 15 patients made a total of 48 visits during this time period, for an average of over 3 visits each. Medical records showed documentation that suggested domestic violence for eight of the victims; however, there was no record of a single referral to a domestic violence agency or any domestic violence information being provided to them. Thus, multiple opportunities for intervention were missed before the problem became fatal. "
Abstract This paper explains that Juvenile Diabetes (now called Type I) and Adult On-set diabetes (Type II) are incurable diseases affecting about 10% of the population in the United States. As the population ages and lives longer, the complications of Type II diabetes becomes a serious health risk for the elderly. The author stresses that diabetes is manageable and treatable, if diabetics a) follow diet guidelines, b) get regular exercise, c) check and monitor their blood sugar levels and d) get regular checkups for blood sugar levels, kidney, liver, heart, extremities and eyes, especially the elderly. The paper relates that a number of new drugs and therapies loom on the horizon, but some of them may take years before FDA approval.
Table of Contents
Introduction
What is Diabetes?
How do People Get Diabetes?
Diabetes Control
Diabetes Diets
Potential Health Problems for Elderly Diabetics
Future 'Cures' for Diabetes
Elderly Diabetes Patients
Conclusion
From the Paper "For Type I diabetics, consistency in food intake and regularity of meals is vital,. For Type II diabetics the priority is weight control, since the body tends to produce some insulin. Obesity, however could create serious insulin deficiencies and, even, turn into Type I diabetes. What makes diet so important for the elderly, especially, is the fact that their bodies require fewer calories, and when the "normal" intake is continued, obesity as well as increased glucose levels can easily occur. That is why a diet- and not the usual "yo-yo" weight loss diet, is really mandatory.
Medical practitioners and hospitals with diabetes centers also provide diet charts with "exchanges" for foods, these exchanges provide information about portions and daily amount of each food is "permissible" to control diabetes."
Abstract This paper takes a look at the value compass. According to the paper, in an acute healthcare setting, value compass can be defined as a process where the worth of a clinical operations, authorities, structures and forms of management are appreciated, measured and articulated on the basis of applications, procedures, line of action or tactics.
Outline:
Clinical Outcomes
Functional Outcomes
Employee/Customer Satisfaction
Administrative Outcomes
The Definition of Value Compass
The Use of Value Compass
From the Paper "Value compass can also enhance the Quality Planning (QP) process which is mainly a process that handles the foundation and verification of the clinical treatments or procedures that lead to the maximum amount of patient contentment. This particular process of choosing the most successful technique and mechanism includes the timely and efficient choice of the most appropriate model of the QC procedure employed. In addition, value compass can also help in the clear decision of what should be the Quality Goals. The Quality Goals symbolize the necessities of what needs to be attained and carried out for the maximum amount of patient contentment and pleasure (Steven et al, 2000)."
Abstract In this article, the writer first explains that prostate cancer is when the cells of the prostate begin to grow uncontrollably. The writer then notes that prostate cancer affects many men throughout the world today but can be curable if caught at its early stages. Next, the writer looks at the symptoms and testing for prostate cancer. In addition, the writer discusses diagnosis and possible treatment for this disease. The writer concludes that knowing the risk factors, symptoms, and getting yearly checkups can be a key in helping with early detection of this type of cancer.
From the Paper "There are a variety of tests that can be done to check for prostate cancer. Physicians can perform a PSA blood test on the patient. With prostate cancer, the prostate produces and releases abnormal high amounts of the protein PSA. This can then be easily detected in blood tests. Men can also get a digital rectal exam where a physician inserts a lubricated finger into the rectum and checks the prostates for any abnormalities such as a change in size, shape, and texture. Both of these screenings can help to early detect prostate cancer. They should be done once a year especially after the age of 50. Those who are at high risk for this particular type of cancer should start annual screenings earlier that most. When one of these screenings is abnormal a biopsy is done to determine if cancer of the prostate is present. The physician takes tissue samples from the prostate and later examines them. Normally, the prostate cells would reproduce, die, all have the same shape, and all have the same appearance of other cells in the prostate. "
