Abstract
This paper examines how one of the most extraordinary aspects of the Italian artist Bartolomeo Manfredi's "Cupid Chastised" is the way that the 1605 painting in oil on canvas resembles not so much a rendition of Greek mythology to the gazer's immediate glance, but seems to represent more an ancient scourging, similar to the Stations of the Cross. It discusses how war and discord are, indeed, set against one another in such a way that the common ways of telling myths about the goddess Venus are rearranged to improve the image of the woman and to highlight the ordinary quality of all of the gods and goddesses.

From the Paper
"In "Cupid Chastised" for example, Venus appears not like a beautiful goddess of love, but like an ordinary Italian woman caught in flagrente delicado with a man other than her husband. She half-kneels, one breast bared to the viewer, but in shadows, pleading for her lover's skin and life while her angry husband Mars, clothed in red, flagellates the prostrate Cupid, lying there, looking young and vulnerable. Despite the stated presence of the other gods, laughing at Mars in the myth recounted as the painting's background, the focus of the painting is purely domestic and intimate, and the viewer of the work feels as if he or she is spying upon the married couple and Cupid, rather than witnessing a larger social drama."

Tags:venus, mars, cross

Abstract
This paper will discuss the painting Cupid Chastised by Bartolomeo Manfredi. The elements of the painting, such as line, composition, color, and other technical variants will revealed, as well as a historical analysis of the work.

Abstract
This paper briefly looks at this section of the play and focuses on the speech given by Hamlet to his mother. It is from this speech that many people think Hamlet suffered an Oedipus complex. The writer states that this is not the case, but rather his loyalty for his father is still so strong, that the thought of his mother with any other man is adulterous. His seeming obsession with his mother?s sex life stems from the fact that adultery has to do with sex, not that he lusts after Gertrude.

From the Paper
"The speech given by Hamlet to his mother in Act III, scene 4 enlightens the reader to a lot of what is in Hamlet's mind. Everyone had finished watching the performance of "The Mouse Trap" and Gertrude had summoned Hamlet to her chambers. Hamlet arrived and was in a rage. She thought that he was going to kill her and screamed for help. Polonius, hiding behind a wall covering yelled for help too. Hamlet, thinking that Polonius was the king, killed him. With that, Hamlet went on to give his speech."

Tags:hamlet, shakespeare, gertrude, character, speech

Abstract
The paper explains how Otto Peters' "Industrialized Teaching and Learning" chastises academics for failing to recognize the potential for distance education and learning. The paper discusses Peter's contention that because distance learning was perceived by educators and mainstream universities as a product of "industrialization," academics failed to build a body of pedagogy around this concept. The paper further discusses Peter's belief that educators are losing the opportunity to become independent distance educators, who are not limited by the classroom and the commitment to a single institution.

From the Paper
"Otto Peters' (1997) Industrialized Teaching and Learning is as close to a chastisement of education, and certainly academics, for failing to recognize the potential for distance education and learning. For Peters, the lack of pedagogy on the subject arose out of academia's limited scope of impending change, and academics inability to think out of the box. Peters says that mainstream institutions missed the boat by not taking seriously the trend towards distance education and learning. Academics continue to criticize distance education and learning instead of recognizing the opportunities that distance education and learning creates for professors, especially those whose work in teaching is highly sought by students, but limited by classroom and the commitment to a single institution. Peters says that distance education and learning is wrongly categorized by academics as industrialized education, and this is an accurate point. The industrial revolution has passed, and we are in the age of a technological revolution. Distance education and learning is, and always has been, the product of the growing move towards the world reliance on technology."

Tags:instructors, pedagogy, industrialization, universities

Abstract
This paper first explains that black feminism as presented in the mainstream popular culture, particularly in hip hop culture and rap music, has taken on a very different appearance as compared to the academic black feminists, who had to struggle to be heard within the general second-wave feminist movement. Next, the author discuses feminism, black feminism, rap music and hip hop culture, feminism within this culture and black heterosexual relationships as reflected in this music. The paper concludes that black women have a strong voice in rap and hip hop music for advocating for the better treatment of black women by black men; however, this voice of black women is not singularly feminist and not necessarily aimed at chastising black men for their treatment of women.

Table of Contents:
Black Feminism in the United States
Feminism in Mainstream Popular Culture
Rap Music and Hip Hop Culture - A Brief History
Feminism in Rap Music and Hip-Hop Culture
Black Heterosexual Relationships

From the Paper
"One black female rap artist, Queen Latifah, stated that she prefers being seen as having a "woman-first" approach to her work, rather than being labeled as a feminist (Rose, 1994). When questioned about her choice of language, she had difficulty articulating the reason she rejected the label "feminist" but was adamant about it. Another black female rap artist whose lyrics deal extensively with problems in black heterosexual relationships, said she didn't like the label feminist but didn't really understand what it meant. However, when given a definition by Tricia Rose, she stated, "well I agree with that, I would say I'm a feminist by that definition.""

Tags:academia, alienation, counterpoint, treatment, affirmation

Abstract
This paper argues that Plath's work is a classic instance of an angry and troubled woman using literature as a means of "getting back" at the men in her life - most notably her husband, Ted Hughes, and her aloof father - who have let her down. The paper specifically discusses how Plath portrays men as oppressors and even, after a fashion, "Nazis", and how she also describes men as lascivious and untrustworthy. From there, the paper looks at how Plath's troubled life led her towards using the novel as a means of articulating her own deep-seated anger towards her father's inability to love her as she wished - and her equally strong resentment towards her husband's faithlessness and apparent self-absorption. The paper highlights how Plath chose to use "The Bell Jar" as a vehicle for chastising all men for the actions of two men.

Tags:sylvia, plath, men

Abstract
This paper discusses the idea that Antigone was completely right in her decision to support the divine laws in favor of burying her dead brother's body. In "Antigone", Creon, the King of Thebes, suffered much due to his defiance of God, while Antigone was proved completely correct for the simple fact that her judgment was based on God's laws, due to which He supported her and chastised Creon.

Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the styles and themes frond in Martin Luther King Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail" and Nelson Mandela's "I am Prepared to Die." Some of the topics discussed include prejudice, white supremacist attitudes, the use of non-violence to achieve your goals and that freedom will not be given unless it is demanded by those who are oppressed. The paper points out that although the messages are similar, they were written for different reasons. King's was written to explain his mission and his message, to the white clergy to chastise them for their neglect and condemnation of his actions, while Mandela's was written to defend the charges brought against him before a court of law and to explain his actions. According to the paper, these two men have become symbolic with the fight for freedom and equal rights.

From the Paper
"Although, the message is the same in each work, they are written to different audiences and from different reference of perspective. King's letter is written to his fellow clergymen, directing his remarks to the white clerical population, Christian and Jewish communities. It was written to explain his mission and his message, as well as a chastisement for not only their neglect, but for their condemnation of King's actions. Mandela's work was addressed to the court as a legal defense case. It was written to defend the charges brought against him before a court of law and to explain his actions. King's work is cited with biblical references, such as, "just as the Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far corners of the Greco-Roman world, so am I compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own home town."

Tags:freedom, african, americans, liberties, violence, tension, clergymen, communties, oppressed, policy, injustices, scope, inspiration, dedication

Abstract
This paper compares the events that occurred in the Watergate and the My Lai scandals with those of the more recent Iran- Contra holocausts in Central America. The main theme of this paper is that while Nixon was chastised for an abuse of executive power during his administration, such abuses have continued since those controversial events.

Abstract
When James Baldwin published his novel, "Giovanni's Room", in the 1950's, he was roundly criticized and judged for its then provocative images of homosexuality. This paper shows, however, that not all critics chastised Baldwin and describes some of the more positive reviews written about the novel. The paper then offers a critical perspective surrounding the time of publication of "Giovanni's Room" and examines James Baldwin within the context of the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements of the 1960s. This is followed by an examination of the metaphorical 'room' in the novel. The paper concludes with James Baldwin's views on homosexuality and his personal struggle with his own sexuality.

From the Paper
"It can be argued that David, a white bi-sexual in search of his true sexual identity, torn between a gay love for Giovanni and a heterosexual love for Hella his lady friend, is himself a symbol " through the novel " of the alienation black homosexuals felt in the American culture. As an expatriate, David is by definition a man without a country, an outcast (which, as explained above, a gay black man like James was in the black U.S. community); and here in Paris, at the beginning of the novel, he can deceive himself into thinking he is a man with some substance. He isn't a man of substance, because he is still in search of his own sexual identity, and he can't rid himself of a homoerotic, friendship with "Joey" from his childhood."

Tags:Fire, Next, Time, Hella