Abstract The paper describes how Dickens, in "Bleak House", employs the neighborhood, the building, the store and its wares and the character of Mr. Krook himself, as caricatured reflections of the court of Chancery and the Lord Chancellor. In particular, the paper portrays how the use of Mr. Krook as a counterpoint to the High Chancellor allows Dickens to satirize and mock the court of Chancery.
From the Paper "Additionally, both the Lord Chancellor and Krook are creatures of habit and resistant to change; the chancery suits over which the Lord Chancellor presides are intentionally extended and artificially lengthened by both the barristers on either side of the court case and the Lord Chancellor himself, so as to increase their legal fees, and thus are plodding, almost never-ending affairs which work against change as hard as possible; change is in fact against their best interest, as the faster the suit gets resolved the less pay they get. Their entire existence depends upon their ability to create their own work, as it were, by taking a simple chancery suit and turning it into a "perennially hopeless" quagmire (17). Krook, in the same fashion, is very hesitant to change his ways, or the things around him: "I can't abear ... to alter anything, or to have any sweeping, nor scouring, nor cleaning, nor repairing done around me" (70). This goes so far as to stop Krook, nominally a store-owner who profits from the sale of things, from ever parting with any of his possessions."
Abstract This paper presents a study carried out that shows that university rank has a significant effect on the salary of Vice Chancellors (VC) because of limitations in financial resources at these institutions. Other findings in this study are that two factors hold primary influence in the remuneration package awarded to VCs at UK universities. These factors are internal pay scales of other academic employees and external pay scales of CEOs in other similar size firms in the UK.
Outline:
Introduction
Objectives
Research Question
Background of the Study
Overview of Following Chapters
Literature Review
Methodology
Analysis of Findings
Conclusion
Appendix A: VIice-Chancellors' Annual Salaries 2006-2007
From the Paper "In a report published March 21 2006, it is related in the University of Surrey Students' Newspaper as follows: "Unions representing university teachers are calling for an inquiry in light of the recent revelations that Vice Chancellors have enjoyed a 25% pay increase over the past three years. Among the top paid Vice Chancellors in the country, the University of Surrey was the third highest. Although the national average for the VC increase was around a quarter, UniS and Cardiff gave their Vice-Chancellors the biggest rise with a 61% salary increase." (Bates and Ward, 2006) The report goes on to relate that an inquiry will be requested by the Association of University Teachers who plan to write to Ruth Kelly, Education Secretary, requesting the same. (Bates and Ward, 2006; paraphrased) This report states that it is important for Vice-Chancellors pay to be scrutinized in the same manner as lecturers and other staff at the universities. Bates and Ward state that while "Vice-chancellors do a demanding job as chief executives of complex, multimillion pound organizations..." they are paid for than the Prime Minister, Tony Blair, in many cases. (Bates and Ward, 2006)"
Abstract This paper traces Adolph Hitler's rise to power in the 1930s, noting that Hitler was a great public speaker, which is one of the reasons why he was able to rise to power so swiftly. The paper relates that by 1931, the Nazis had begun disrupting parliament with rowdy and inappropriate behavior that caused the government to become very ineffective and then in 1932, the chancellor of Germany was forced to resign. The paper describes how Hitler became chancellor and the Nazis began to forcefully take over areas of the country and implement Nazis into positions of power. Finally, the paper relates that in 1933, a law was passed that made the dictatorship of Adolph Hitler legal.
From the Paper "Adolph Hitler's rise to power began in 1930 when the Nazi Party began its campaign, traveling all over Germany making speeches and meeting the citizens. This hands on approach was something different for the German people, as the ruling party had not done these types of things. One thing that Hitler's speeches did was give the people hope, as the country was locked in the grip of the Great Depression and poverty and hunger were widespread problems. Hitler's speeches were vague and they did not really promise anything specific, but Hitler's great power was his ability to control an audience through his speeches. He was a great public speaker, which is one of the reasons why he was able to rise to power so swiftly."
Abstract Argues that Wolsey, as Lord Chancellor and an intimate advisor to Henry VIII, was not a pawn of the King. Wolsey's consolidation of his personal power and wealth. His being subject to the King's pleasure and will. His diplomatic talents and achievements. His role in Church reform & disastrous administration of the Church. His excellent changes in the law courts. Outline.
From the Paper "I Thomas Cardinal Wolsey was not a pawn of Henry VIII even
though all his actions were subject to the King's approval.
A. Wolsey's talents and ambition made him an accomplished diplomat and administrator, and allowed him to amass great wealth from his ecclesiastical positions. Wolsey's status as his own man, rather than a pawn of the King, must be judged in terms of what he wished to accomplish rather than by current standards.
II Wolsey had great diplomatic talents.
His Treaty of London secured a vital alliance with France and made England a major power in European politics.
B. Wolsey grasped the importance of clear, comprehensive treaties along modern lines and securing English safety..."
Abstract This paper examines the life of Thomas Cardinal Wolsey (1475-1530) who was the Lord Chancellor to King Henry VIII. It provides a brief outline of his life from his childhood, education, rise in the church and finally to his position under the King. It looks at how Wolsey was treated as a trusted and capable, if ambitious, man who carried out the King's will but often did so in ways that he devised himself and not infrequently, developed strategies of his own that were sanctioned by the King. It analyzes whether Wolsey's eventual disgrace and fall and Henry's willingness to treat him as a scapegoat merit the term pawn and how Wolsey's status as his own man, rather than a pawn of the King, must be judged in terms of what he wished to accomplish rather than by current standards.
From the Paper "Wolsey was the son of a prosperous grazier and his brilliance secured him a place at Magdalene College Oxford. He was ordained in 1498 and began his relatively slow climb to eminence by serving various influential men until, in 1507, he became chaplain to Henry VII and, in 1509, was appointed almoner and counselor to Henry VIII. From that point on Wolsey's rise proceeded at great speed--in both the ecclesiastical and secular realms. In 1514 he was appointed archbishop of York and in 1515 he was elevated to cardinal and to Lord Chancellor. Wolsey always coveted the position of archbishop of Canterbury, who was usually the effective head of the English church since the only other archbishopric in England, York, took in only the impoverished northern reaches. Gaining the cardinal's hat helped him achieve greater prominence in the church but it was not until, in 1518, Wolsey achieved the unusual status of papal legate (legatus a latere), or papal viceroy, that the cardinal became "as supreme over the English Church as Henry's favor made him over the English state" (Bindoff 83)."
Abstract This paper examines the life of Adolf Hitler through his childhood, service in World War I, and the formation of the Nazi Party in Germany. It looks at his rise to power over the years against the backdrop of the changing political scene in Germany.
From the Paper "The age-old view of the Jewish people as "the Christ-killers" served as a suitable backdrop in which to place the blame for a wide variety of social ills now gripping the nation. Whether by their nature, or some cruel trick of fate, the Jewish community in Germany had largely secured their assets in durable items such as real estate, artwork, and precious stones. Thus, as the economy crashed around them, the Jewish minority remained financially secure. Resentment among Germans grew strong as they watched their children grow weak with starvation while the Jewish community thrived."
Abstract This paper discusses the formation of the executive powers in both the United States and Germany. It looks at the power that the laws provide to each leader, as well as the limitations that exist in order to prevent the acquirement of excessive power. The paper compares the executive power of the Chancellor in Germany to that of the President of the United States.
Table of Contents:
German Government and Executive Powers
United States Government and Executive Powers
Conclusion
From the Paper "Checks and balances in the United States begin with the formation of the United States Congress, comprised of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Laws of the nation must be passed by a majority vote in both houses before they can be sent to the president for approval. However, the president also has the authority to veto any legislation that he or she does not approve of, creating a situation in which the Congress must redesign the bill and seek approval again. However, the Congress can "override" the veto if there are enough votes in both the House and Senate to do so ("Checks", 2006)."
Abstract This paper discusses the policies of William Brandt. who became chancellor of West Germany in 1969. The paper specifically discusses how his Eastern policy affected his Western policy. It also discusses Brandt's main objectives surrounding Ostpolitik (his Eastern policy) and the differing effects it had on his Western policy. In addition, the paper looks at the effects of Brandt's Eastern policy on his West policy after his resignation.
From the Paper "Brandt's contribution to settling the European question must not be underestimated. His work with the East paved the way for Western countries to wok with the Eastern bloc to settle political debates. The question of German reunification and European detente were two different aims during Brandt's chancellorship, as suggested by Scheel in 1974 when he commented that 'Europe is concerned about the bloc divide, but not concerned about the German divide' . Brandt's innovative Warsaw treaty saw the first recognition of post-WW2 territory with regards to the Polish Oder-Neisse line; this sent a message to the rest of Europe that the continent must move on, a notion supported by Turner . Moreover Brandt's famous kneeling salute in Warsaw reverberated around the Western world and it was realised that better relations with the East were possible and must proceed. Brandt's Ostpolitik laid the groundwork for the influential Helsinki Conference, which by 1975 included all European countries and continued until 1982, becoming a crucial factor in eventual European unification. Moreover the Four Power economic summit included West Germany in 1979 under the work of Helmut Schmidt, who continued the policies founded by Brandt."
This paper discusses whether the ranking of a university in the United Kingdom has an effect on the salary levels of vice chancellors and other university staff.
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that a number of indicators that determine good universities include student satisfaction, as well as student to staff ratio, services and facilities, as well the number of university staff earning high salaries. The writer discusses the renumeration packages of university executives in the United Kingdom and maintains that the findings of this study show that university rank has a significant effect on the salary of Vice Chancellors (VCs) because of limitations in financial resources at these institutions. Further, the writer points out that internal pay scales of other academic employees and external pay scales of CEOs in other similar size firms in the UK are two factors that hold primary influence in the remuneration package awarded to VCs at UK universities. The writer provides a literature review in this area of study and then describes the methodology utilized in this study. The writer conducts an analysis of the literature reviewed and states conclusions. This paper includes figures and charts.
Outline:
Introduction
Objectives
Research Question
Background of the Study
Remainder of the Study: Chapter Outline
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Part One - Qualitative Analysis
Part Two - Quantitative Analysis
Data Analysis
Chapter Three: Methodology
Chapter Four: Analysis of Findings
Chapter Five: Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "Vice-chancellor salaries rose by 8% making average pay for vice-chancellors to L177,844 to include benefits. The average contribution of Universities to vice-chancellors pensions for the 2006-2007 period was L22,452. The variation in the pay can be seen between the universities that are the wealthiest in that they pay quite a bit more than other universities. Many of the universities base their pay on the market average of their competitors. Women are noted in this study to earn approximately 16 percent less than their male counterparts and there is a variation of a considerable amount between institutions.
"Data collected during the course of the review of literature is listed in the following table for comparison. The data is next compared and grouped according to type of data and listed according to the data indicated to be the largest factors in affecting the remuneration package awarded to Vice-Chancellors at Universities in the United Kingdom."
Abstract This research paper explores whether the rank of a university has a significant effect on the salary of the Vice Chancellor and other staff at the university. The methodology in this study is both qualitative and quantitative in nature, and is conducted through an extensive review of literature in this area of study. The paper relates that the findings of the study show that university rank has a significant effect on the salary of Vice Chancellors because of limitations in financial resources at these institutions. Other findings in this study are that two factors hold primary influence in the remuneration package awarded to VCs at UK universities which are the factors of: (1) internal pay scales of other academic employees; and (2) external pay scales of CEOs in other similar size firms in the UK.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Objectives
Research Question
Hypotheses of the Study
Background of the Study
Remainder of the Study: Chapter Outline
Literature Review
Part One (Qualitative Analysis)
Chapter Three
Methodology
Chapter Four
Analysis of Findings
Chapter 5
Conclusion
Recommendations of the Study
From the Paper "Modell writes that this specific logic is found to be "compatible with the realist ontology, grounded in the presumed existence of an objective empirical reality independent of human cognition, underpinning the functionalist paradigm. That is, by adopting a strategy of triangulation it is possible to improve the capture of a particular phenomenon, the 'real' nature of which is of a singular kind and thus beyond dispute." The researcher may, through carefully developing strategies for research "avoid or reduce the bias associated with any one method such as the law-like regularities making up the world are represented with greater accuracy."
This paper examines the Christian Democratic government of Chancellor Helmut Kohl in Germany: Helmut Kohl's leadership, political philosophy, economic perspective and role in German reunification.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, 1991, $ 55.95
From the Paper "This research examines the Christian Democratic government of Chancellor Helmut Kohl in Germany. Kohl's government was in power in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), or West Germany, prior to its unification with the German Democratic Republic (GDR), or East Germany, (Paxton, 1990), on 3 October 1990, and, in mid-November 1990, heads the government of the newly united Germany.
The findings of this examination are presented in four separate, but related, discussions. The topic area of these discussions are (1) West Germany under the Kohl Government, (2) Kohl's political philosophy, (3) economic conditions in Germany, and Kohl's economic perspective, and (4) Kohl's role in German unification."
An examination of the Chancellor of England's (More) refusal to support the King's request for an annulment of the marriage to Catherine of Aragon and his remarriage to Boleyn in context of 16th century spiritual and political conflict.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 10 sources, 1994, $ 95.95
From the Paper "The purpose of this research is to examine why Thomas More, chancellor of England at the time of Henry VIII's marriage to Anne Boleyn, refused to support Henry's request for an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and remarriage to Boleyn. The plan of the research will be to set forth the essential elements of the conflict, including the issues that confronted the major players, and then to discuss, with reference to the text of contemporaneous documents of church and state, More's position as articulated in them and in More's public and private correspondence.
The essential elements of the conflict over More's refusal to support the annulment can be seen in the wide context of conflicting spiritual and political priorities that dominated Europe during the Renaissance, and in the narrower context of...:
Abstract This paper reviews a recent proposed expansion of wireless service into the German cellular phone market. Verizon wishes to partner with a German firm that has access to the cell phone market so as to avoid costs relating to licensing and market regulations. In assessing political factors affecting the German economy, the paper, in a form of a review, highlights recent shifts in national policy, Germany's status within the European Union, some basic facts about German demographics and local business practices. Germany's current government is run by a center-left coalition, which lacks the popular mandate of the electorate. Its chancellor advocates a reform package that aims at raising taxes to prevent a budget crisis amidst a population with rising unemployment costs. This package has been criticized by most economists and has prompted a large street demonstration. Despite this, it can be said that the German business ethic is as strong as it always has been, and Germany represents a stable investment environment. The paper goes on to provide an analysis of the wireless telecommunications sector in Germany and Europe. Here it was found that the greatest barrier to the introduction of cellular technology in Germany is that 70% of the population already has one, compared to 45% of the population of the United States. The introduction of third stage mobile phones, which will replace current cell phone technology, provides an opportunity to introduce a new mobile calling plan on a national basis. The report addresses basic problems with this sector and with an American company attempting to enter the market. The report concludes by ultimately deciding against the introduction of cell phones to Germany.
From the Paper "Foreign observers have lauded many aspects of German production methodologies. Many believe that the German market economy is a highly developed organic one, enshrined in centuries of mercantile tradition, and in as such provides a much more stable business environment than neo-liberal Anglo-American models. This is reflected primarily in corporate relations with workers. Workers in Germany are world-renown for their craftsmanship, and with good reason. Germans workers see themselves as apprentices in the tradition of the guild halls of the middle ages. German companies not only spend more on training their workers than their American counterparts, they also have many years of experience do so. German unions appoint members that sit on the board of most German corporations, a practice that would seem anathema in the United States where labor disputes are seen as adversarial and sometimes even hostile. Germans enjoy generous vacation allowances and maternity leave programs. This concept of seeing workers as an integral part of corporate life is known as the ?social partnership.?"
Abstract This paper discusses the nineteen year reign of Bismarck as Chancellor of Germany at the end of the nineteenth century. It looks at his domestic and foreign policies and how these affected Germany itself and also its position in the rest of Europe. The paper discusses the wars fought under Bismarck's rule and how he strove for German expansion. The writer concludes that during his rule Bismarck was considered great, but only after the end of the era, did people realize that his policies were not in Germany's best interest.
From the Paper "A great man, a great manipulator, Otto von Bismarck held the position of Chancellor in Germany for nineteen years. It was these years that saw such accolades bestowed upon him. It is true, he did do a number of admirable things, but it was not until the end of his term that people began to see the error in his ways. His alliance driven politics and ideas on colonialism were only appreciated when the short-term effect was considered: the long term effect was that Germany was held back by Bismarck and only truly flourished with his resignation."
Abstract Adolph Hitler rose to the head of the National Socialist (Nazi) party at a time when the socialist factions of political Germany were many and divided. Once the Nazi party had achieved some significant electoral success, Hitler became chancellor of Germany. Fascism in Germany was widely popular. German, Hitler's, fascism (National Socialism - Nazism) had its origins in conflict, violent action being the core mechanism of its power, best realized by Adolph Hitler. Adolph Hitler rose to the head of the National Socialist (Nazi) party at a time when the socialist factions of political Germany were many and divided.
