Abstract This paper asserts that, although more humane than the often inefficient hangings that caused death by strangulation, the electric chair is far from painless and instantaneous. In addition, the paper discusses several social implications of the implementation of the electric chair. To support these hypotheses, the means of execution prior to the electric chair are examined, as is the history of the electric chair itself.
Outline
Introduction
Means of Execution Prior to the Electric Chair History of Electric Chair Is the Electric Chair a More Humane Method of Execution?
Social Implications of the Electric Chair Conclusion
From the Paper "Prior to 1890, most state laws allowed for capital punishment, typically by hanging. "Execution by hanging was a grim, hands-on business. (...) It took a strong stomach indeed to wrap a noose around the condemned man, then let him drop through a gallows trapdoor to choke and gasp and swing until he died" (Blackwell). Due to the inexperience and ignorance of many hangmen, hangings often produced horrifyingly slow, strangulations death, and grisly decapitations ("The History") as opposed to the quick, breaking of the neck that the process was supposed to incur."
Abstract This paper describes and examines Andy Warhol's "Electric Chair", a stark and interesting image of an electric chair. The paper speculates why Warhol uses such an image, what the meaning behind it is, and what emotions it relates to. The paper suggests that the artwork is possibly a sign of protest against the death penalty, and that it reflects the human fear of lonliness, the unknown, darkness and death. The paper ends on the note that the artwork evokes the disturbing issue that no one truly knows what happens after death.
From the Paper "The image brings about several emotions. The emptiness and lack of human presence makes one feel completely isolated and alone. The dark colors and shadows bring a sense of fear. It makes you feel that death is near. Death is coming and it is unavoidable. Depending on how one interprets the art piece one might feel anger or a sense of justice. If one were to disagree with the death penalty then this image would bring a sense of anger. The electric chair would be seen as a tool for inhumane treatment and bring anger towards the government that allows its use."
Abstract This paper describes in detail the procedure for designing and constructing a spindle chair. The paper shows that many things didn't work as planned in the construction process and illustrates them. It also illustrates what went well with the designing and constructing process.
Table of Contents:
Cover Letter
Letter of Transmission (Preface)
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introductions
Article and Literature Review
Construction, Method and Problems Encountered
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "The type of wood that you use for making the spindles is also very important because grain structure also plays an important role in how strong the chair is. When building chairs there are three things that matter most importantly, strength is key because of all furniture the chair takes the most beating. People like to lean back and rock on the chair and you need to have confidence that the joints that you made will be strong enough to hold the abuse, and because I am making spindle chairs another thing to consider is the durability of each spindle and if put together will it make a sturdy chair."
Abstract This essay is a product description that covers the designer, historical context, social context, and design of a chair, the Cashier's Settle. The paper discusses how the original Cashier's Settle is an example of the Glasgow Style, a movement including a combination of influences including Art Nouveau; the Arts & Crafts movement in England, Scottish heritage and Japanese forms, all prevalent at the turn-of-the century in Scotland.
From the Paper "The original Cashier's Settle is an example of the "Glasgow Style," a movement including a combination of influences including Art Nouveau; the Art's & Crafts movement in England, Scottish heritage and Japanese forms, all prevalent at the turn-of-the century in Scotland. It was designed and built on commission for a successful tea house in Glasgow in approximately in 1904 and represents an influential part of Mackintosh's "total design" of the Willow Tea Rooms including furniture, light fittings, wall dressing, cutlery and even uniforms. The design also represents the emergence of a movement that would combine both interior and architectural elements."
Abstract In this paper, King proposes healthy and communicative responses to management strata relationships that were successful within his own experiences. According to the paper, King's view is that the use of dialogues and meetings is a crucial for efficient production, which invariably offers a revolving leadership system through his is symbolic usage of moving chairs. However, more studies should be done to evaluate the real effectiveness of this form of leadership before one should confront the authority of middle and upper management.
From the Paper J. Timothy King provides an article that is based upon the "moving chairs" of leadership within a small sized corporate atmosphere. The first premise of leadership is many things go unnoticed, especially when communicating a change in management policy. King is often portraying himself in the article as a subordinate that has to work with upper management through a review based initiative that is often erroneous. However, King brings the moving chair element into communicating with his superiors within the review process, which ultimately has him influencing how policy is made within the company. In this manner, King is subjectively redefining the hierarchical role of worker/manager by breaking down barriers through communication and regular meetings. "
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts two paintings with the same theme of the Madonna: "Madonna of the Chair" by Raphael Sanzio and "Madonna and Child" by Fra Filippo Lippi. The author describes each painting and compares both painters' use of different angles, light and colors. The paper comments that Raphael Sanzio's work represents a perfect mother-child relationship that is consistent with Christian ideals while "Madonna and Child", though a great piece of art in itself, lacks the same sort of comfort as the spatial differences in the painting seems more exaggerated and therefore the child does not convey the same sense of well-being.
From the Paper "The painting the Madonna of the Chair is a famous work by Raphael Sanzio contains a very simple, yet rhythmic design that portrays those in the picture in a very soft manner. One significant aspect of this painting is the circular frame, which is used to emphasize the shapes that are use by the artist to make up the people. The mother's head and arms, as well as the body of the child, are also somewhat circular as they are in a u-shape. These u-shapes are also in lighter and brighter colors, which accentuate them to the viewer and also give these aspects a sense of unity."
Abstract This paper reviews the work of designer Charles Eames, focusing specifically on the Eames chair. The Eames chair is a relatively late modernist design that has become ubiquitous in offices, schools and many homes. This paper further discusses how this design has been an influence on the development of other furnishings expressing the same aesthetics and using many of the same materials and methods.
From the Paper "The modernist era extends from the 1920s to about the 1960s, with some dispute over when post-modernism begins and even what it entails. Modernism was an aesthetic development that became a movement once it was noticed and then deliberately practiced. Prior to that, Modernism began as part of an effort to create a new environment to replace the old around the beginning of the twentieth century, following in the wake of similar changes in political, social, literary, and other spheres of society. Modernism developed into a movement and by the 1920s was a conscious artistic expression manifested in painting, sculpture, drama, architecture, and design. "
Abstract This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the film "The Green Mile" starring Tom Hanks. Specifically, it addresses the religious aspects of the movie, and looks at their overall importance to the film. The movie deals with life and death aspects about a prison guard recalling his service of duty, especially escorting convicts to the electric chair.
From the Paper ""The Green Mile" is an interesting film depicting the story of an old man, Paul Edgecomb, (played by Tom Hanks), who remembers his youth spent as a prison guard at a Southern prison, Cold Mountain Penitentiary. "The Green Mile" is actually the stretch of green linoleum flooring the convicts walked from their jail cells to the electric chair."
John Coffey (played by Michael Clarke Duncan) is an illiterate Black man convicted of murdering two nine-year old girls. Yet, this huge, gentle man is afraid of the dark, and has something mystical about him, and about what happens at the prison when he comes to "The Green Mile." He changes the lives of the guards, but he especially affects Edgecomb. At first, it is simply a feeling, and then, Coffey cures his painful bladder infection by a seeming miracle, and cures Mr. Jingles, the injured mouse. Paul is convinced this man is special."
Tags: death, penalty, jail, electric, chair, prison, religious
This paper discusses disparate treatment, the differential treatment of individuals because of their membership in one or more protected classes, such as African-American, older, or disabled.
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 40.95
Abstract This paper uses two legal cases to illustrate disparate treatment in business: Monica M. Garcia v. Woman's Hospital Of Texas, which concerned health issues due to pregnancy, and Meacham v. Knolls Atomic Power Lab, which concerned older workers. The author points out that Office Depot, to avoid charges of disparate treatment, provides chairs at the register for pregnant employees who are customer service representatives and has a community-supporting policy of seeking older employees. The paper concludes that employees have multifaceted rights under federal, state, and local statues; therefore, managers must not make judgments without consulting with their legal advisers and human resources experts.
Table of Contents
Disparate Treatment
Disparate Impact
Monica M. Garcia v. Woman's Hospital of Texas
Ruling and Reasoning of the Court
Implications of the Ruling for Your Employment Environment
Meacham v. Knolls Atomic Power Lab
Ruling and Reasoning of the Court
Implications of the Ruling for Your Employment Environment
Conclusion
From the Paper "Ms. Garcia became pregnant while working at the Women's Hospital of Texas. Ms Garcia was forced to convalesce at home by her doctor because of health related issues due to the pregnancy. Her doctor released her to return to work after a few weeks, believing she was fit to perform her duties. The hospital administration, consistent with hospital policy, required the doctor to certify on a prepared form that Garcia could perform a variety of ostensibly required tasks. Her doctor certified that Garcia could perform all of the listed tasks with the exception of pushing, pulling or supporting 150 pounds. (Garcia V. Woman's Hospital of Texas, 1996) Consistent with hospital policy, Garcia was not allowed to return to work with the above limitation, and after she was on leave for more than six months the hospital terminated her, again consistent with hospital policy."
Abstract The paper examines Karen Findlay's "The Eyes of Condoleezza Rice", an explicitly political work of art that grapples with the morality of the war in Iraq. The paper then examines Pearl C. Hsiung's "Saint Perpetuum" that also takes on the political issue of war from an anti-war perspective, but in a far less explicitly personal manner. Finally, the paper examines Andy Warhol's "Electric Chair," that reflects upon the violence in the American penal system and may be the most frightening image of all.
From the Paper "Karen Findlay's "The Eyes of Condoleezza Rice" is an explicitly political work of art that grapples with one of the most divisive issues of our age: the morality of the war in Iraq. Findlay, as an artist, clearly comes out as against the war, but the actual meaning of her anti-war painting is far more subtle and nuanced in its visual impact. It shows the ability for visual art to provoke questions about an issue, rather than to merely incite debate like a verbal work of art, such as a novel, editorial, or even a film."
Abstract Discusses the work of the Scottish architect and designer. Influence on his work of the Arts and Craft Movement and Japanese design. Aspects of the Glasgow design style. Use of materials. Analysis of three chairs designed by MacKintosh; their style, simplicity, materials used. His famous high-backed chair and its design innovations.
From the Paper "Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868-1928) was a Glasgow-born architect and designer of furniture and interiors whose work was carried out primarily in that city and its environs. Mackintosh, who collaborated in much of his design work with his wife, designer Margaret MacDonald Mackintosh (1865-1933), attended the Glasgow School of Art. He joined the architectural firm of Honeyman and Keppie in 1889 and in 1896 he won the competition to design the new building for the Art School (1897-1909). The school was his most important commission but others included William Davidson's home, Windyhill (1901), at Kilmalcolm and Catherine Cranston's Hill House (1903-4) at Helensburgh. Mackintosh also took on a fair number of design commissions for furniture and interiors and Cranston was his most important client. All three of the chairs discussed in this essay were ..."
Abstract In this detailed marketing analysis, the plans for promoting the RelaxPak, which is an accessory for an outdoor chair called the Muskoka Chair, are provided. This plan includes an executive summary describing the product and then outlines specific issues and marketing strategies in a point-by-point analysis. The product being researched here is discussed in the contexts of marketing to Canadian consumers.
From the Paper "Texas, the US state with the highest rate of executions, spends approximately $2.3 million on each case (three times the cost to incarcerate an individual for 40 years) (Death Penalty Focus). The cost of executing Ted Bundy was at least $6 million (Buehler 1998). The comparable figure for Florida is $3.2 million per capital trial. And in California, a study has been conducted which concludes that the state would save $90 million per year if it were to abolish the death penalty (Death Penalty Focus)."
Abstract This paper looks at the death penalty. Both sides of the coin are discussed. The positive and negative effects lead the author to ask: Does the death penalty deter crime or does it have no effect other than on the executed criminal. With numerous examples.
From the Paper "Some time ago, a Texas journalist who had seen nearly two hundred people die in the electric chair over nearly thirty years declared that the death penalty is not a deterrent- the main claim for it. "The only person it deters," he believed, "is the man being executed." We should start by defining deterrence. It refers to an instance where an individual refrains from an act because he or she perceives a risk of punishment for the act and fears that punishment. Thus the deterrent effect of capital punishment is best evaluated in terms of the number of person prevented from committing a crime that would lead them to be penalized. So is there such a thing as the death penalty deterring society in general or was the Texas journalist right about the death penalty not having a deterrent effect on the general public?"
Abstract This paper takes a look at the history of the debate for and against the death penalty. Included is a discussion on whether or not the death penalty is it too harsh.
From the Paper "Should there be a death penalty? Is the death penalty to harsh of a punishment? Some may disagree; some may say that the death penalty is not harsh enough. Most don?t even take the time to think about it. As of right now thirty-eight states have the death penalty. Almost seven hundred fifty people have been executed since the reinstitution of the death penalty. The death penalty can range in age; you could be as young as eighteen years old or as old as ninety to be sentenced with it. There are many different ways of execution. Some are gas chambers, hangings, electrocutions, and the most popular one being lethal injection."
