Abstract
This paper discusses the business to business and the business to consumer website supply chain characteristics. The conclusion of this paper, is that while the business to business website and enterprise might have a shorter and more transparent supply chain with greater consumer integration, both employ many of the same technology solutions to complete their supply chains.

From the Paper
" A supply chain can be defined as the sum of all retailers, distributors, transportation methods, storage locations and facilities, as well as supplier networks that contribute to an enterprise's sale, delivery, and/or production of its product or service (Dennis, Fenech & Merrilees, 2004). It is integrally involved with a company's logistics and overall operations in that operations management oversees the smooth functioning of the organization's supply chain. A supply chain that has bottlenecks, excess inventory, or difficulties sourcing products or services inevitably results in a loss in revenue, poor product/service quality metrics, and a loss of customers, be they internal or external. An e-commerce business model, whose primary product or service is mediated in some fashion through a website and the online environment supported by internet technologies, faces several conceptual difficulties in managing its supply chain that a traditional business model does not (Cunningham, 2001). "

Tags:supply, chains, commerce

Abstract
This paper assesses and describes the supply chains for three American banks: Bank of America, AmSouth, and Suntrust. The paper discusses how these supply chains were modified from 'brick and mortar' institutions to adapt to the age of the Internet.

From the Paper
"A host of major banks, including but hardly limited to, Citigroup, J.P. Morgan Chase, Bank of America, Fleet Financial, Wells Fargo, and UBS Paine Webber, are in the early stages of forming alliances with software companies and service providers in the business-to-business field, according to the AMR report. These alliances will allow for an improvement in the supply chains and make conducting business more efficient."

Tags:software, B2B, AMR

Abstract
This paper aims to illustrate how effective companies are becoming in transforming their supply chains to be more demand driven, while at the same time accomplishing sustainability objectives. It discusses the business factors that contribute to greater levels of demand-driven supply network performance while at the same time accomplishing sustainability objectives. The paper focuses on the business area of transportation.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
The Return on Investment (ROI) of Redefining Purchasing Criteria and Suppliers' Roles
Optimizing Material Handling for Sustainability and a Lean Supply Chain
Consolidating Storage Locations for more Efficient MRO Operations
Benefits of seeking out Material Yield Optimization in the Supply Chain
Product Take-Back and Recycling Strategies
Summary

From the Paper
"The movement of products through a supply chain including the logistics and material handling often has significant potential for cost reduction and the attainment of sustainability objectives. Packaging is an area where suppliers and buyers have worked to create opportunities for cost reduction and the attainment of CSR and sustainability objectives as well. From the traditional brown boxes to the custom-molded packaging that uses highly engineering molds to sustain shock and vibration, material handling is often seen as an essential high cost for minimizing product loss. With so much of a given products' cost represented by packaging and the fact that the majority of it is wasted after the product is delivered, many companies who have completed studies in this area did not realize the extent of their packaging was only used once and then discarded. Studies completed also show that the greater the re-use and accurate forecasting of packaging materials, the higher the level of profitability attained supply-chain wide (Zhu, Sarkis, Lai, 2008)."

Tags:ROI, network, performance

Abstract
This paper discusses the value chains of Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart has several distribution centers nationwide, including nine grocery distribution centers and two import distribution centers. It explains how the vast number of items and the need to frequently order perishable items at its stores require Wal-Mart to have its distribution operations highly automated.

From the Paper
"It has built success into its business strategy by driving down costs in all aspects of the business. This encompasses the goal as the low cost provider in the market, thus working efficiently on the marketing link of the value chains. Wal-Mart's development of its Retail Link expands on the productivity loop that has proven to be highly successful. It is working with global suppliers to implement Retail Link systems that it hopes to completely implement in the near future."

Tags:distribution, retail

Abstract
The paper discusses how business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce relies on long-term, more integrative product and selling strategies and points to Toyota as an example. The paper compares this to business-to-consumer (B2C) companies that concentrate on more short-term and highly transactional approaches to attracting, selling and serving customers. The paper mentions Amazon.com and other online retailers as examples of business-to-consumer (B2C) companies.

Outline:
Executive Summary
Comparing Supply Chains for B2B versus B2C Websites

From the Paper
"By definition, B2B supply chains orchestrate the sourcing, procurement, logistics, product scheduling, inventory management, and fulfillment of products for use by other businesses. The key challenges inherent in these supply chains are managing inventories as optimally as possible (Kim, Umanath, Kim, 2006). In addition, as B2B supply chains have the requirement of both greater process-level and system-level integration, driven by the wide diversity of B2B business models that serve as the foundation of their websites, e-commerce initiatives and supply chains Cullen, Webster, 2007). As a result of all these factors, B2B supply chains must be able to support greater collaboration between suppliers, greater more knowledge of how the supply chain can synchronize itself to the needs of the end user, and support for a greater complexity and size of transactions."

Tags:e-commerce, customers, online, retailers

Abstract
This paper examines "Feet in Chains", a novel that explores the restrictions of 19th century Welsh working class society. It looks at how the novel was written in 1934 and is about the lives of four generations of the Gruffydd family of Moel Arian, North Wales. It also explores how the novel is almost semi-autobiographical because it deals with the events that affected Roberts' life.

From the Paper
"Geini is another woman who is oppressed in her society, unlike Jane however it is not poverty that oppresses her but instead the fact that she has to look after her mother. She has been courting a man for many years but would never 'make a definite promise' (37) of marriage to him because she did not feel that she could leave her widowed mother. Her mother does not treat her well but she feels a loyalty owards her and stays with her until she can stand no more. It is also significant that Geini moves from a world of matriarchal dominance to patriarchal dominance as she gets married, therefore in a sense she does not break any chains. However in Geini's case, marriage is a relief because whereas she had to do everything for her mother, she and her husband now share the workload."

Tags:wales, working, class, geini

Abstract
The paper discusses the role of the production chain in any business and the role that it plays in the manufacturing cycle. The paper highlights that it is important that the production chain is
efficiently managed and utilizes the Cocoa Cola company for its research.

Outline:
Statement of the Problem
Production Chain Management
Why Use Production Chain Management?
Marketing Strategy
Utilizing the Internet
The Marketing Mix
Third-Party Providers and Logistics Management
Just-in-Time Inventory
Methodology - Qualitative Research

From the Paper
"There are six essential factors of production chain management and seven components. The six essential factors are consumer demand, information and communication technologies, globalization, competition, government regulations, and environmental concerns. As for the seven components, these include suppliers, procurement, manufacturing, order management, transportation, warehousing, and customers. All of these are significant and important, because they work with one another and tie into each other very strongly. If there is a breakdown in one of these areas, other areas are affected by it."

Tags:production, chain, management, information, communication

Abstract
This paper gives a description of a virtual supply chain using the travel industry as a subject. It focus on the relationships between physical products and transportation and the provisioning of services as a form of supply chain.

From the Paper
"It is unusual to think of a supply chain when there is no physical product involved. Orbitiz and the other companies involved in this project are travel agents that are actually elements in the travel industry supply chain and earn their income from commissions the other participants in the chain pay them for, acting as part of their sales organization or more accurately selecting them as opposed to alternate suppliers of the same product or service. In the travel..."

Tags:supply chain, product, elements, virtual products, virtual systems.

Abstract
The paper defines the term of supply chain in the business world. The writer uses several examples to illustrate the importance of setting up an effective supply chain for the purpose of a smooth running organization.

From the Paper
"Companies that have the most effective supply chains have the best possibility of maintaining open doors. The supply chain that is ineffective or not organized well cause break downs in communication, manufacturing and distribution. These problems all lead to one final outcome, customer dissatisfaction. The development of an effective supply chain prevents may mishaps including the late ordering and higher priced materials, missed deadlines and down time on the lines in manufacturing facilities."

Tags:material, manufacturing, international, market, globalization, streamlining

Abstract
This paper discusses the business to business, and the business to consumer website supply chain characteristics. These distinctions are drawn after delineating both traditional supply chains and identifying how traditional and e-business supply chains are being combined. The paper concludes that while the business to business website and enterprise might have a shorter and more transparent supply chain with greater consumer integration, both employ many of the same technology solutions to complete their supply chains.

From the Paper
"A supply chain can be defined as the sum of all retailers, distributors, transportation methods, storage locations and facilities, as well as supplier networks that contribute to an enterprise's sale, delivery, and/or production of its product or service (Dennis, Fenech & Merrilees, 2004). It is integrally involved with a company's logistics and overall operations in that operations management oversees the smooth functioning of the organization's supply chain. A supply chain that has bottlenecks, excess inventory, or difficulties sourcing products or services inevitably results in a loss in revenue, poor product/service quality metrics, and a loss of customers, be they internal or external."

Tags:e, busienss, supply, chains