Abstract
This paper reviews and analyzes Tamara Palmer Seiler's article "Model of Virtue or Candidate for Censure? Assessing Canada's Treatment of Ethnic Minorities." According to the paper, this article represents a balanced attempt to counter popular illusions regarding Canada's treatment of ethnic minorities both in the past and today.

From the Paper
"Tamara Palmer Seiler's article - "Model of virtue or candidate for censure? Assessing Canada's treatment of ethnic minorities" - represents a balanced attempt to counter popular illusions regarding Canada's treatment of ethnic minorities both in the past and today. A key element in this article is Seiler's opening contention that for "a variety of reasons, factual as well as mythological, Canadians tend to view their country as a model state . . . set apart by its moral superiority for the "evil" American empire to the south" (Seiler 117). It must be acknowledged that not all Canadians would accept this view of..."

Tags:canada, virtue, censure

Abstract
This paper discusses pornography and presents views for and against its censorship. The paper argues that, while anti-pornography activists have valid concerns regarding pornography's exploitative nature, to censor pornography would be an assault on free speech and the freedom of expression. Therefore, any attempt to curtail pornography would be unconstitutional.

From the Paper
"Currently, material that is considered "obscene" and pornographic is illegal both on the federal level and in over 40 states in the United States. Though it is difficult to create an all-inclusive definition, the United States Supreme Court has drafted three general criteria to determine whether a work or material could be considered pornographic. First, the work must meet the "average person" test. This states that an average person, applying the prevailing community standards, must find that the work as a whole appeals solely to the prurient interests. Second, the work itself should depict sexual behavior in a way that is "patently offensive." Finally, the said work must lack any other serious aesthetic or scientific value (Wein)."

Tags:nudity, pictures, obscene

Abstract
This paper examines how Eliza Haywood's novel, "Love in Excess", suggests that passionate emotion is a universal sentiment. It looks at how the characters' thoughts posit that there is a universal language of love that dissolves the prominence of gender and how, at the same time, the novel works to enforce codes of amorous action that are inherently linked to gender, perhaps to suggest that these codes serve some purpose. It explores how the novel does not censure internal expressions of true passion, although it does at times suggest that sexual codes of conduct are necessary. Characters who overstep the boundaries of conduct too flagrantly generally censure themselves through self-destruction. The characters that self-destruct do so specifically because they take actions that transgress gender boundaries.

From the Paper
"According to the narrator, love is its own agent; it is a force that acts independent and without regard for the people whom it affects. Because humanity has no control over love, it cannot be held responsible for the feelings it evokes. This force is so far beyond the cognitive capabilities of man that is "ceases to be worthy" of a simple definition or "that name" that society has given it. The idea that man becomes "really possest with it", posits love as a supernatural force. One usurped by this force can no longer be held accountable because he cannot be "master of his actions". The human being is little more than a victim, much as one might be victim to a "misfortune" such as "poverty, sickness or deformity". Essentially, love is a disease that anyone of "human nature" is susceptible to."

Tags:18th, century, feminist, emotion

Abstract
This paper explores the topic of slavery in the Islamic world with the intention of showing that, contrary to some popular myths, the slave trade was not a European invention but that there was already a well established industry in this regard prior to European colonization. In this article, the writer relates the contention made in many articles and studies, that the fact of slavery in the Islamic world has not received the same moral criticism and censure as the better known slavery in the European world. Furthermore, the writer notes that scholars also state that not only did Muslim slavery predate European slavery in Africa, but it has also been more resistant to abolition than European slavery; and in some instances the claim is made that the Islamic slave trade provided the model and motivation for slavery for other cultures and nations.

Outline:
Introduction
Evidence of the Pre-Colonial Islamic Slave Trade
The Characteristics of Slavery in Islam
Conclusion
Works Cited

From the Paper
"The fact of Islamic slavery is further substantiated by the attitude towards slavery from the tenets of the Islamic faith. In Islam and the Koran there is a general acceptance of slavery as part of social life. However this fact should come as no surprise, as slavery is one of human societies most endemic and ancient institutions; and a defense of slavery can, for example, be found in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible as a basic feature of human civilization. Neither were the Islamic nations the first to enslave Africans. Before them the Egyptians enslaved Africans on a large and systematic scale."

Tags:Muslim, enslavement, Islamic, slave, trade

Abstract
This paper reviews and critiques the book "Russell Rules: 11 Lessons on Leadership" by Bill Russell and David Falkner. The paper explains that the core of the book's focus is on how to communicate successfully. According to its so-called Russell's Rules, not only do effectual leaders need to become adept at identifying change, but also in dealing with it and making a commitment to use it to their best advantage. The paper reviews each of the book's 11 rules about change, commitment and communication. The author of this paper concludes that he agrees with most of Russell's suggestions, except for in one area. Unlike Russell, the author of this paper does not support change merely for the sake of change. He argues that this is what caused the "New Coke" fiasco, the widespread censure of Windows '98 and a host of other business-related disasters.

From the Paper
"Russell also points out that "good questions are more important than easy answers" (Rule #1 of commitment and curiosity) and that "curiosity is a process" (Rule #2). Yet later in the book, the author admits that changing a negative situation into a positive one is not always an easy task. Russell suggests that people can resist change for a number of reasons. These include self-interest, such as instances in which an individual has achieved status, privilege or self-esteem through the effective use of a traditional system. In these cases, the individuals will usually perceive certain changes such as an increase in employee empowerment to be an ominous threat because their ego overshadows their common sense. The author also points out that fear of the unknown is another factor that can facilitate the creation of imaginary barriers to success."

Tags:communication, commitment, change, business, environment, management, IBM, Coca-Cola

Abstract
The paper discusses how early in the novel, the first glimpse of sexuality comes from an interaction between English women and the character Aziz, and this early scene lays down the foundation of the attitude of British women toward Indian men - one of disgust, and fear of sexual approach. The paper discusses how the women glance at Aziz disdainfully, and he feels the blow, however, it comforts him that the women are fat and weigh the tonga down; the censure of beautiful women would have caused him pain. The paper highlights how this is the novel's first glimpse of not only the social mores that disallow sexual relations between Indian men and English women, but of Aziz's attitude towards women as one that is primarily sexual.

From the Paper
"The novel "A Passage to India" by E.M. Forster is riddled with enigmas, questions, and conflicts that hint at the indefinable nature of sexuality. Further complicating the matter is the sexual mystery that exists intrinsic to humans, and the complexity of sexuality pertaining to various situations and characters. Early in the novel, the first glimpse of sexuality comes from an interaction (or rather, a non-interaction) between English women and the character Aziz. This early scene lays down the foundation of the attitude..."

Tags:sexuality, india, forster

Abstract
This paper shows how of all crimes manslaughter appears to afford most difficulties of definition, for it concerns homicide in so many and so varying conditions. It looks at how liability for manslaughter can arise from an unintentional killing caused by negligence ie. the omission of a duty to take care. It deals with the definition of manslaughter, the appropriate test and the jury direction. It also discusses the creation of a new head of common law manslaughter, reckless manslaughter and the implications of this turning of the law. Through examples of court cases, it analyzes how proposed reforms will not only introduce much needed clarity but will allow the law to operate much more effectively as a mechanism of censure by reducing the net of liability to those truly responsible for the deaths they cause.

From the Paper
"Lord Roskill in Seymour , took recklessness to be the most suitable term to express the kind of culpability required for this head of manslaughter. In this case the trial judge had directed the jury that they should convict if they were satisfied that he D had caused death, and had been reckless in doing so, recklessness here having the meaning attributed to in Lawrence . The House of Lords held, dismissing D's appeal, that the elements of common law manslaughter and motor manslaughter under the Road Traffic Act 1972 were the same, and the direction in R v. Lawrence was appropriate, save that it was also appropriate to point out to the jury that the risk of death being caused by the manner of the driving must be very high. The prosecution might charge either offense, but if both were charged, the prosecution must elect, upon which charge to proceed."

Tags:negligence, trial, jury, death, homicide, killing, house, of, lords

Abstract
Through a reading of her memoir "Living History", this paper assesses Clinton's rise to leadership and her various strengths and weaknesses as a leader. The first part of the paper studies the first leadership roles of the young Hillary. The next part then evaluates Clinton's actions in light of the various theories discussed in Peter G. Northouse's "Leadership" and Lee G. Bolman's "Reframing Organizations". The next parts examine how she has gone on assuming new roles, from her political conversion to a Democrat and her early career as a lawyer in Arkansas. Much of the paper is necessarily devoted to her leadership role as the First Lady amid much scandal, public adulation, and public censure. In the last section, the paper summarizes how the theories on leadership help shed light on the processes and decisions made by Clinton through various points in her career.

From the Paper
"Unlike them, Clinton was clearly not interested in this delicate, secondary form of leadership. Rather, she became an active participant in several of her husband's most important campaigns from health care to welfare reform. When her term as First Lady ended, she extended her leadership role further in her new position as New York's junior senator."

Tags:rodham, park, ridge, republican, devout, christian, arkansas, governor's, wife, welllesley, husband, affair

Abstract
This essay reviews "The Dubliners," as a story not only about the Irish who live in Dublin, but as a story of a people with a long heritage, rooted in their beliefs and their religion. It is the story of the power of religion, not only over the people, but also over the entire country. The author claims that Joyce's distrust, dislike, and censure of the Catholic Church is critical to the very core of the book.

From the Paper
"James Augustine Joyce was born in a wealthy Dublin suburb in 1882. "The Joyce family was initially well off as Dublin merchants with bloodlines that connected them to old Irish nobility in the country" (Borey). He was one of ten children. James attended an expensive Jesuit boys' school, which he later wrote about in "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man." However, his father tended to spend money lavishly and was often unemployed and the family fortune dwindled. He still associated with his wealthier friends, but the family moved often, and much of his time he spent on the streets. Financial woes continued throughout Joyce's boyhood. They followed him throughout his college life at University College in Dublin. They were there throughout his career, and often he would not have survived without the patronage of others."

Tags:languages, philosophy, university, college, priest, parents, happy, Ireland, conservative, medicine, school, poverty, prayer, artistic

Abstract
This paper explains that King Louis XIV, who reigned over France from 1643 to 1715, was one of the most infamous absolute monarchs of Europe. The author reports that, in his reign, the powers previously given to the Estates General were made obsolete thus making all of the Kings subjects, regardless of rank, pawns of the ruling dictator. The paper points out that Louis XIV had many critics who disapproved of his absolute power and censured the frivolous manner in which he ruled his court. The author relates that, through Colbert's implicit and careful diplomacy, the secret diary writings of the duc de Saint-Simon and the contrived, fictional letters penned by Montesquieu, the modern reader is presented with an accurate picture of the tensions of the times, the trivialities of the monarchs, and the discontent that was secretly raging behind the absolute monarchy.

From the Paper
"In the early years of his reign, Louis XIV had as his General of Finances Jean-Baptiste Colbert, who, it can be deduced from his writings, knew just as well as his advisors and mistresses did how to best manipulate the King, as well as provide his negative opinions on the state of the monarchy to the general public without incurring the anger or Louis XIV. Colbert, who in 1664 wished to convince Louis XIV to participate in overseas trade, while also hoping to sway the general public to be of this opinion as well, wrote of the tumultuous state of the monarchy."

Tags:narcissistic, fear, criticism, power-hungry, finances