Abstract
This is a rewriting of the last 3-pages of Amy Hempel's short story "In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson is Buried." It shifts the emphasis of the ending from memory and overcoming one's fears, to death and how fear can make us completely self-centered.

Tags:alternate, ending

Abstract
This paper looks at Stephen King's novel "Pet Cemetery", discussing the main characters and the style of writing of King and giving a brief possible new ending.

Abstract
This paper critically examines the novel "Pet Cemetery" and the style of writing used by Stephen King. The character of Victor Pascow is examined as a means of delving into the important themes of the book. It is argued that while the book is certainly a model of competent writing and the effect is certainly spooky, it could have been a much stronger story had it been told from a different perspective. Similar themes recognized in W.W. Jacob's "The Monkey's Paw" are included as part of the discussion.

From the Paper
"In a quite compact nutshell, Pet Sematary presents us with the story of a place that has been used as a burial ground since ancient times. For reasons complex and themselves quite ancient, this ground has acquired magical powers: Those things that are buried in it return to the world of the living, although not quite as themselves and not transformed for the better as well.
The story is possessed of a strikingly gothic sense of horror in part simply because of King's descriptions of things that go down into the earth and then " in a reversal of the natural order, in which things that are interred become over time one with the earth " come back out again instead. But the story is also frightening, and even more disturbing than it is frightening, because King uses this story to remind his readers of those thing."

Tags:fear, unknown, death, loss, horror, truth, burial, ancient, magical

Abstract
The case is made that cemeteries serve a functional, emotional, and religious purpose. The paper analyzes cemetries in regards to the nature of their use and offers an example regarding how Chinese burials were a cultural controversy in Los Angeles. The paper concludes by suggesting that the growing amount of people who do not wish to be buried upon death and the increasing need for urban space will make the debate regarding the necessity of cemeteries a controversial topic for some time to come.

From the Paper
"The resting place of the physical remains of the dead is an important concept in modern, industrialized societies. Even in cases where a person has gone missing and is believed to be deceased, as in a kidnapping or military situation, the recovery and internment of the remains is a major consideration for most cultures. For people of many faiths, the cemetery..."

Tags:cemeteries, culture, debate

Abstract
This paper presents a positive review of an article about the most recent discoveries made at the Qumran Cemetery and the Essene community that lived there in ancient times. The paper also describes the approach that the author of the article took to shed new light on the findings at the cave and the implications these findings had for the long-held assumption that the inhabitants of the cave were members of an all-male, celibate society.

From the Paper
"Therefore, the author's approach was to try to resolve some of the outstanding issues and concerns about the actual cemetery as opposed to the related discoveries of the scrolls. The intention was to present insights into the celibacy of the Essene settlement based on assertions made from the archaeological discoveries of the Qumran Cemetery. The reason there was renewed interest in the Qumran Cemetery project which was discovered in the 1950's was that some new controversy was raised based on women and children being found buried in the cemetery that was thought to be an all male celibate society. Scholars had theorized that Qumran cemetery was a part of the Essene settlement near by and they have been credited by other historians as the keepers of the Dead Sea Scrolls which not by coincidence were found near the Essene community cemetery."

Tags:hold, land, discovered, text, caves, settlement, archeological, anthropological, grave

Abstract
This paper presents a general overview of changes in 19th century American attitudes toward the dead and cemeteries. The paper examines how cemeteries reflected and revealed contemporary concerns. It then compares and contrasts these general trends to the unusual history of cemeteries in San Francisco, California, contextualizing and explaining the case of San Francisco cemeteries by examining the city's equally unique social history, development and values.

From the Paper
"In the 19th century, urbanization led to changes in American attitudes toward cemeteries. People developed a distaste for urban graveyards, often finding them unsanitary and unsatisfactory sites for mourning. In the 1831, the rural cemetery movement took shape with the creation of Mount Auburn Cemetery in Massachusetts, and cemetery planners began developing cemeteries miles from city centers. These rural cemeteries reflected Americans' romantic sensibilities; their naturalistic, pastoral settings served as a nostalgic reaction against urbanization, as a peaceful retreat away from the hustle and bustle of modern urban life. Rural cemeteries were emphasized as cultural centers, as places for melancholy thought, contemplation of death, and reverence for the past. The rural cemetery movement sentimentally emphasized and idealized the past, the value of country's ancestry."

Tags:graveyard, California, urbanization

Abstract
This paper examines the cultural significance of burial sites to Native Americans, further discussing numerous conflicts that have arisen over this issue. First, the paper introduces a basic history of the relationship between Native Americans and Europeans in America. Then, it covers the various conflicts that have occurred over land, particularly Native American burial grounds. One case of a dam being built over an ancient cemetery is noted. Various solutions to these claims are discussed, including monetary compensation or returning the land rights to the Native American tribe.

From the Paper
"The authorities have basically come to an ethical dilemma, since they would normally have to risk having a flood and an important loss of energy in the area for the native tribe to get their territory back. Having been ignored and humiliated for centuries, the natives are clearly determined to fight for their rights. On the other side, any sane person would come to the conclusion that the ancient burial site is of lesser importance than the dam and the benefits provided by it. Furthermore, there is a possibility for the very native reservation to be threatened by the releasing of the water in the dam.
"All things considered, it would only be logical for the authorities to ignore the demands made by the native tribe. However, if they would do so, they would only continue a history of Native American oppression. The matter requires careful analysis in order for a conclusion to be made. Legality comes in divergence with logics in this topic, as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act."

Tags:Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, Manifest Destiny, cemeteries

Abstract
This paper relates that Carlo Ruiz Zafon's "The Shadow of the Wind", a best seller in Spain for more than a year and a popular book in more than 20 countries, is about Daniel Sampere, who wakes up on his eleventh birthday and has forgotten his dead mother's face; therefore, his father takes him to the cemetery of forgotten books to give him the gift of a book to celebrate his birthday. The author points out that this very long, complex book starts as a thriller, sounds like a standard book of the Victorian era, at times reads like a romance and has a literary angle through the inventive concept of the cemetery of forgotten books. The paper relates that the critics of this book have been varied from near-nomination as the "best Spanish book of the year" to readers, who jump over sections starting half way through the book as the book does not live up to their expectations.

From the Paper
"At the same time, when we come down to the other side of the Atlantic, the reviews are a lot more liberal. This is probably in view of the generosity that the reviewers have given for the book being a translated version. This is a very important factor as when translations are done, it is important that the translation be done by individuals who are experts themselves, as otherwise the feelings will not come through. A poem has to be translated by a poet in the language that it is being translated in. Knowledge of the language itself may not be enough; it also requires the knowledge of the medium."

Tags:translation, cemetary, boy, books, critics

Abstract
This paper examines the concept of a monument and defines what constitutes a monument. The paper explores the many manifestations of a monument and cites different examples of monuments, including the Los Angeles National Cemetery and the United States Holocaust Museum.

From the Paper
"The common view of monuments is that they are statues or buildings made of marble or stone that commemorate people who have died. However the true definition of a monument is found in what it accomplishes. A monument memorializes something or someone. It brings that thing or that person to our remembrance, honors them and inspires us profoundly. A monument is not just a memory, however, it is an enduring memorial that stands throughout the ages to convey to us what the person..."

Tags:monument, Holocaust, cemetary, memorialize

Abstract
The site of Ur, an ancient city in Mesopotamia, is an archaeological site rich in findings of the Sumerian culture and history. This paper explains how the city of Ur was discovered in the mid seventeenth century and details some of the fascinating findings of the place such as the Royal Cemetery and a detailed burial chamber.

From the Paper
"At the end of the pit, the team found the king's tomb chamber. A second stone chamber was built up against it, with the tomb of the queen, who owned the chariot and other offerings found in the upper pit. Her name, Shub-ad, was inscribed on a cylinder seal. Her body was still in the tomb. The upper part of her body was completely hidden by a mass of beads of gold, silver, lapis lazuli, carnelian, agate, and chalcedony. Her headdress was a more elaborate version of the ones found on the remains of the court ladies.

"This discovery showed that the graves of the king and queen had been exactly alike but that the queen's chamber had sunk below the ground level of her grave pit. According to Woolley, they were probably husband and wife, and the king had died first. The queen, wanting to lie as close to him as possible, had been buried next to him."

Tags:Ubaid, period, Queen, Puabi, Nanna, Babylonian, Charles, Leonard, Wooley