Abstract
This paper discusses cell towers and antennas and questions their safety in the community. The paper confirms that the number of cell sites has increased over the years in proportion to the expanding number of subscribers. These tower structures are erected on various locations such as parks, schools and fire houses. The paper considers if these towers really put us at risk and states that according to the Food and Drug Administration Act, exposure to cellphone radiation on the ground is significantly weaker than exposure on the direct path of the transmitted signal of the antenna. This exposure is several thousand of times less than the minimum safety levels recommended by expert studies. Thus the paper confirms that civilian exposure to cellphone radiation is well within the safety margins.

From the Paper
"Electromagnetic radiation, composed of electric and magnetic energy moving at the speed of light, is the one feared by most people. The electromagnetic spectrum is a wide range of electromagnetic signals ranging from high-frequency x-rays and gamma rays to low-frequency radio waves. Your cellphone's electromagnetic radiation has a 3kHz-300GHz frequency. This falls just after the very low frequency like your computers and before or just the same frequency as your everyday microwave oven. And still the radiation coming from the sun poses more danger than your cellphone."

Tags:radiation, high-frequency, x-rays, gamma, rays, radio, waves

Abstract
In late 1999, following a year that was characterized by a number of damaging product introduction delays, the residual effects of an earlier recall of 60,000 phones, reduced sales and increasing levels of intense competition in the marketplace, Sony closed down its cellphone production operation in North America. The paper shows that in order to remain competitive, Sony took a realistic look at the market, divested itself of operations in an area where it could no longer profitably compete, took advantage of outsourcing some of its manufacturing needs by means of the vehicle of utilizing outside contract manufacturing operations and further reduced costs associated with development by entering into a joint development agreement with Ericsson of Sweden. The paper looks at Sony's move in the context of the cellphone market in the United States, provides a product description and uses the Porter Five Forces Model to explain the forces that shape competition within an industry.

From the Paper
"The Japanese digital cellular telephone market clearly foretells what cell phones, service and technology will look like in the future?worldwide. Whereas a few short years ago, when a cellular telephone rang in Japan, people would have to speak very loudly in order to be properly understood. Such is no longer the case. Today, instead of speaking on the phones, users are reading email, checking calendars, reviewing weather forecasts (and baseball scores), playing games, downloading text and sending messages. With the music-related innovation detailed above, users will soon be able to also have the strains of their favorite music with them as well. In essence, at least as far as Japan is concerned, this new phone has become the equivalent of the personal computer with wireless connectivity but with much more stringent design constraints (Yoshida, 2000)."

Tags:QUALCOMM, CDMA, Texas, Instruments, PlayStation

Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the effects of the mobile phone, as a disruptive technology in the telecommunication market. The writer provides the description of the fixed phone market prior to the disruption and looks at the disruption. The writer discusses the reaction of the fixed telephone operators and examines the actual overview of the market and predictions for the future.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Introduction
-Background of the Industry and the Selected Company Prior to the Disruption
-The Disruption
-Reaction of the "Victim"
-Results to Date
-Lessons Learned
-Prediction for the Future
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Another and most important victim of the mobile phone as a disruptive technology is the landline market. Indeed, the convenience of mobile phones reduced the use of fixed phones. As a result the reaction of landline operators was, depending on the countries, to cut prices, to eliminate fixed monthly charges and innovate in products and services offered. Indeed, as there is a strong competition between operators, many of them also provide internet, television and mobile services. They offer double play and triple play packages composed of landline/ internet and landline/ internet/ television; and offers of fixed-mobile services . Finally, fixed phones shall not be evicted from the market, but retain market shares, as many consumers choose to have both fixed and mobile phones."

Tags:phone, cellphone, telephone, network, transmission, handsets

Abstract
The model chosen for the analysis is a relatively new device used in the wireless communication that is constantly on the rise in our society. The paper asserts that it is no surprise that the past several years have seen an increased interest in the health effects and risks that relate to the use of the cell phones.

From the Paper
"1. Product name: Motorola V3 GSM wireless phone (RAZR V3) 2. The warning: No Warning or caution given by the manufacturer, only a brief "Safety and General Information" section. 3. Analysis: The model chosen for the analysis is a relatively new device used in the wireless communication. This technology and hence the use of the devices for it is in the constant rise in our society. It is no surprise than that past several years have seen an increased interest in the health effects and risks that relate to the use of the cell phones."

Tags:technology, health effects, cell phones

Abstract
Discusses Sony Electronics forming Personal Mobile Communications America (PMC America). Goal of the new unit in the digital cellular & personal communication services (PCS) sectors. Describes challenges of the market. Japan's marketplace. Product. Strategy including Porter Five Forces Model. Competitors. Role of consumer demand. Future strategy of Sony cellular telephone business.

From the Paper
"In July 1982, Sony Electronics opened its Corporate Headquarters facility in Park Ridge, New Jersey. In June 1993, they opened a large operations center in Northern California. In January 1995, Sony formed Personal Mobile Communications America (PMC America), with headquarters in San Diego, California. This unit was formed (in Southern California) to pursue the strategic growth opportunities that were recognized, at the time, to be emergent in the digital cellular and personal communication services (PCS) sectors. This unit had its own captive marketing, sales, engineering, and manufacturing functions and represented a vertically integrated organization for Sony.
Among the product offerings for PMC America were Sony digital cellular telephone..."

Tags:Mobile, PMC

Abstract
This paper discusses how cellphones have formed an inseparable part of our lives with a quantum leap in recent years and their use is ubiquitous with an estimated 4.6 billion subscriptions globally. The paper also examines how our health, the environment and our behavior all suffer as a consequence of using cellphones. In particular the paper looks at the potential damage to our bodies and the environment from radiation and how they also have considerably altered the lifestyle of today's generation and how they have changed the way humans live and interact with each other, resulting in a shift of paradigm.

From the Paper
"The method of communication used by cellphones is by transmitting radio waves through a network of antennas. Health advocates have been worrying since last century over the exposure of living things to high radio frequencies and their harm. Cellphone waves are non-ionizing in nature but have the tendency to be absorbed by cellular tissues in our body closest to the cellphone. Once absorbed they can lead to genetic damage, tumors and consequently malignant cancer. According to a study recently conducted by WHO (Reuters) it was found that there is a direct link between cancer and the usage of mobile phones and that cellphones should be given the term of "possible carcinogenic." Yet in our society there is just an upward trend observed in the usage of cellphones with operators involved in cutthroat marketing to achieve higher sales, and since the government makes a big chunk of their revenue by taxing these mobile phone operators they are not keen on highlighting the risk posed by a cellphone. "

Tags:radiation, cancer, radio, waves

Abstract
The author of this paper notes how common cellphones have become and how they affect our every day life. The paper includes a brief study into the advantages and disadvantages of cellphones.

From the Paper
"Another major concern over cell phone use is the safety debate. Studies have shown that drivers who talk on cell phones are as dangerous as those who drive drunk. "Driving and talking on a cell phone is like drinking and driving. In both cases, the driver's reaction time is slowed, especially in the event of a roadway mishap requiring urgent response. In addition, a driver likely cannot give the same level of attention to driving as when not using a cell phone" (Egan). New York was the first state to pass laws against driving while talking on your cell phone, and several other states are poised to follow suit."

Tags:communication, mobile, Nokia, Vodafone, Orange, One2One, technology

Abstract
This paper examines how Apple's innovative, much-anticipated iPhone is a multimedia device, possessing a seemingly infinite array of technological capabilities and how it is a cellphone that enables the user to surf the Internet and send email, take pictures, listen to music and other downloaded media. The paper looks at the IPhone's target market as well as its market competitors iand includes a SWOT analysis.The paper also discusses the marketing techniques for the iPhone including the pricing strategy and distribution.

Outline:
Description/Identification of Company/Product/Service
Identification, Description and Analysis of Target Market
Identification, Description and Analysis of Industry Competitors
Identification, Assessment and Analysis of Environmental Factors Affecting Your Selected Example
SWOT
Identification and Analysis of Strategies Used In Marketing:
Product/Service--Branding and Positioning
Pricing--Strategies Used and Why
Distribution--How Distributed, What Channels, Why
Promotion--Means Of Communicating To the Target or Other Audience--Rationale, Analysis, Effectiveness
Analysis of the Selected Product/Service/Company Life Cycle--Implications for the Company
Overall Review of Each Competitor's Marketing Efforts

From the Paper
"At that same press conference where he announced the birth of the new incarnation of the iPhone, Jobs openly challenged Nokia, widely judged one of Apple's main competitors because of its recent release of its popular Nokia N95 and Palm Treo 750 (Markoff 2008). Nokia's greatest strength is its international scope, and it advertises itself on its website as "the world's leading mobile phone supplier and a leading supplier of mobile and fixed telecom networks including related customer services" (Nokia, 2008, Official Website). Nokia even keeps track of its revenue for investors in Euros, not in dollars, even on the U.S. section of its website, a testimony to its international focus. Even the consumer section of the website provides information, not on the beauty of the product, but upon Nokia's environmentally-friendly nature as a company, its affordability, and the general high quality of its cell phones and service. Its stated company focus is upon wireless Internet products that are affordable for consumers, rather than upon merging entertainment and communications technology together like Apple--although that is likely to change in the near future."

Tags:nokia, cellphone, internet

Abstract
The paper discusses how companies enter the markets in developing countries because of the major growth potentials and these countries' efforts in reducing or eliminating the barriers to entry. The paper focuses on the approach used by Mr Don Price that consists of making his cellphone services cheap enough to be affordable by the rural poor, yet, expensive enough to be profitable for the organization. The paper then looks at the impediments facing new entrepreneurs entering the Indian cellphone market and provides recommendations for a company's entry into developing countries as well as for any other industry or country.

Outline:
Pursuing Developing Countries
Mr. Price's Strategy
Challenges in India
Recommendations Upon Entering Developing Countries
Recommendations for Other Industry or Country

From the Paper
"Targeting developing countries is simply a marketing strategy aimed at attracting more customers. Generally, the markets in developed countries are mature or next to reaching maturity, meaning that the companies activating in this area must constantly strive to improve the quality of their products and services in order to maintain a competitive position. Consequently, this then means that the market potential for attracting new customers is limited, basically because all customers have been addressed so far. On the other hand, in developing countries, the market is rather new, absorbing and encouraging numerous businesses to enter. And even if in the respective countries, providers do exist, they have been unable to properly address all market segments."

Tags:entrepreneurs, markets, customers

Abstract
This paper examines how cellular phone infrastructure expanded in Hong Kong earlier and more effectively than it did in North America giving them a five to ten year lead on familiarity with cellphone customs. The paper also looks at how the later entrenchment of cellular phone technologies in North America accounts for the cultural differences in the usage and saturation of cellular phones and of SMS and other advanced services. In addition, the paper shows how the differences in cellphone use between Hong Kong and North America can be traced to infrastructure and are not easily explained by Marxist theories of differential use.

Outline:
Introduction
Background
Research: Methods
Research: Results
Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Sociological theories of technology suggest that artifacts may reflect political and cultural realities. Differential cellular phone usage between North America and Canada reflects a political and cultural reality: telecommunications infrastructure in the United States and Canada continues to emphasize land lines, and cellular phone services are less entrenched as a result. In Hong Kong the reverse is true: land lines were far less embedded in the culture. Consumers embraced the new technology readily in Hong Kong because unlike in North America there was no need to transfer land line services over to cellular phones. Cellular phone service is more widespread and reliable in Hong Kong and consumers there expect to use their cellular phone as a primary means of communication regardless of the rate plans."

Tags:technology, sms, telecommunications, infrastructure