From the Paper
"The Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) is an organization designed to maximize the collective influence of Black members of Congress.. The CBC was formed during the first Nixon Administration in 1971 in response to that Administration's apparent indifference to issues important to Black Americans and to suggestions from Black members of Congress on how best to address those issues.. Prior to the formation of the CBC, Black members of Congress had twice been denied access to President Nixon for the purpose of discussing the effects on Black Americans of administration policies and actions."

Abstract
The paper presents a case study, including an executive summary, about black caucuses at Xerox and the company's response to the possibility of a national black caucus.

From the Paper
"Xerox is currently being challenged by members of its local black caucus groups to hold a national meeting which would potentially create a companywide caucus group for black employees. Beginning in the early ...s, Xerox has been challenged to improve its policies regarding the hiring and advancement of minority employees in general and blacks in particular. Failures to achieve parity led in ... to the creation of an informal black support group of employees, BABE, which in turn fostered the establishment of other local black caucuses, focused..."

Tags:Xerox, caucuses, affirmative action

From the Paper
"THE EAST ASIAN ECONOMIC CAUCUS
Introduction
This research examines the proposal to establish an East Asian Economic Caucus (EAEC). Both the prospects for the formation of the EAEC and the probable effects of the creation of the EAEC are considered. The likely characteristics and functioning of an EAEC also are compared with the characteristics and functioning of both the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Forum.

The EAEC Proposal
The concept of the EAEC was first proposed as a regional consultative forum in 1990 by the Malaysian Prime Minister (East Asian Economic Caucus, 1998). At that time the proposed name of the association.."

Abstract
This paper address peacekeeping in the Caucasus. It examines the historical background of the situation in the Caucasus and the geopoloitical situation there. The paper then examines several peacekeeping operations that were or still are in place in the region and looks at the pragmatism or idealist nature of these operations. Finally, the paper discusses the effects of the peacekeeping missions as well as the eventual developments for the future of the area.

Table of Contents:
Historical Background
The Geopolitics of the Region
Peacekeeping
Conclusion

From the Paper
The role of peace keeping is essential and can be seen as a milestone in the current era of conflicts and wars. The United Nations, along with its specialized organizations play a vital role in offering the strategic and technical support for peacekeeping operations to take place. However, there are certain analyses to be made in order to ensure that all factors are taken into account. In the cases of Georgia and Nagorno-Karabakh these factors include the historical background, the geopolitical discussions, as well as the traditional actors which are involved in the mediation processes. At the same time though in order to consider all the elements involved, one can visibly see that there is a certain discussion over the role Russia plays and will continue to play in the region. Finally, in order for the peacekeeping operations to be effective, both the UN and the OSCE must include the regional and national elements as well."

Tags:geopolitics, UN, mediation

Abstract
This paper explains that soon Latinos will become America's largest minority and both political major parties court the Latino vote; major political interest groups supporting this ethnic group have a long and rich history,have had a profound effect on American society and have bettered the lives of Latinos. The author points out that, with approximately 115,000 members throughout the United States and Puerto Rico, the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC), which is the largest and oldest Hispanic Interest Group in the United States, advances the economic condition, educational attainment, political influence, health and civil rights of Hispanic Americans through community-based programs operating at more than 600 LULAC councils nationwide. The paper also discusses the history and programs of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, the National Council of La Raza, the Cuban American National Foundation and the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund.

From the Paper
"The Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund (MALDEF) is a national nonprofit organization whose mission is to protect and promote the civil rights of the more than 29 million Latinos living in the United States. For example, the group fights for education rights, and files legal suits to fight racial injustice at all educational levels. The group also seeks to ensure that Latinos are not underrepresented in high-ranking positions in the U.S. workforce, and that they receive equal employment opportunities. Furthermore, MALDEF fights for immigrants rights, like healthcare and civil rights, and for political access by doing things like attempting to eliminate any obstacles that prevent Latinos from voting.
A case that MALDEF took on in Chicago is a perfect illustration. In 1990, the Census revealed that the Latino population in Chicago grew from 14 percent to 20 percent of the city's total population between 1980 and 1990. But when Chicago redistricted its 50 wards in 1992 to reflect census findings, the number of Latino-majority wards increased from four (8 percent) to only seven (14 percent). MALDEF argued that this redistricting diluted Latino voting strength and that the council should have drawn more Latino districts to fairly reflect the strength of Chicago's Latino population."

Tags:racial-injustice, education, underrepresentation, rights, demographics

Abstract
This paper discusses the pros and cons of legalizing the mostly Mexican illegal immigrants currently working in the United States. It begins by laying out the hardships at present which those working and trying to gain legal citizenship face and the burdens to the U.S. economy. This is followed by a well composed argument for legalization, include points such as; the need for agricultural workers, reduced border patrol and increased taxation.

From the paper;

?The issue of the legalization of illegal Mexican immigrants now living in the United States has long been controversial. Opponent's feel legalizing the immigrants will take away jobs from U.S. citizens, and that it sends the wrong message to the thousands of immigrants who entered the country through the proper legal channels. ABC News reports "'This is a kick in the teeth to the thousands of individuals across the world who are legally attempting to enter the United States,' said Rep. Tom Tancredo, R-Colo., chairman of the Congressional Immigration Reform Caucus. 'Instead, the U.S. is saying, "Why wait? Sneak on in! Whether you enter illegally or not, you will be a resident or citizen in no time." The first lesson these new residents will learn about the U.S. is it is OK to break the law.'"

"Current estimates show at least 4 million undocumented workers live in the U. S. About one-quarter of them live in California, and most of them are Mexicans. Mexican immigrants have received amnesty before. ABC News reports, "The last time the United States granted amnesty to illegal immigrants was in 1986, when President Ronald Reagan signed a law that eventually resulted in the regularization of about 2.7 million people, mostly Mexican immigrants in California."?

Tags:amnesty, labor, Mexicans, Regan, Vicente, Fox, guest, worker

Abstract
This paper describes the controversial nomination and confirmation of Supreme Court Justice, Clarence Thomas. The paper looks at some of the organizations that opposed Thomas's nomination, the role of the American Bar Association in the selection process of Supreme Court justices, their evaluation of Thomas, and the intense controversy surrounding Thomas's nomination. The paper also examines the positions and the role of different interest groups throughout the controversy, as well as the conduct of journalists reporting on the story.

The American Bar Association
Conservative Victory Party and Citizens United
Alliance for Justice
Democratic Caucus
African American Women in Defense of Ourselves
The Press

From the Paper
"The nomination of Clarence Thomas launched a great deal of concern among liberal interest groups. Like Robert Bork, Clarence Thomas was an unashamed conservative. During the Thomas confirmation hearings, the traditional liberal African American special interest groups, such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), moved away from other liberal groups to support the nomination of only the second African American to the Court (Herrnson, Shaiko & Wilcox 1998)."

Tags:women's, rights, groups, anita, hill, sexual, harassment, charges, nominees, liberal, conservative

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the 2008 presidential candidates' stances on various hot button issues, including abortion, gun control, and health care. The paper also discusses the rules and process by which political parties nominate their presidential candidates, the history of the electoral college system, and how the electoral college affects presidential elections.

Table of Contents
Comparison of Candidates Positions
Abortion
Gun control
Iraq
Health Care
Social Security
Immigration
Economy
Presidential Nominations
Caucuses and Primaries
Delegates and Superdelegates
Conventions
Presidential Elections and the Electoral College
Electoral College
Electors
Pros/Cons
Works Cited

From the Paper
"Each party's convention has a different number of votes required to win. For each party, it is over 50% of the total vote, made up of all types of voting delegates. In the Democratic Party, the total number of votes is 4047, meaning that to win the nomination a presidential candidate must have 2024 votes between the delegates and the superdelegates. There are 3253 pledge delegates for a Democratic convention, so in theory it may not be known who the winner will be, although in practice many superdelegates announce their allegiance in advance of the convention. The Republic Party has 2380 total delegates. As with the Democrats, a simple majority will give a candidate the nomination. In this case, a Republican presidential candidate must have the support of 1191 delegates to win."

Tags:Democrat, Republican, electoral, college, party, votes, nomination, delegate

Abstract
This paper examines how each step on the way to becoming president is integral to successfully gaining the presidency. It looks at how the candidate must participate in grassroots effort, campaigning, caucuses, primaries, and fund raising.

From the Paper
"The road to presidency is a long one, beginning more than a year earlier than the actual Election Day in November and not culminating until the Inauguration in late January. Each presidential hopeful must realize and strive to attain their goal of office within a large enough span of time in order to accomplish the preliminaries: ballot attainability, funding, and interaction with real voters. Once formally in the race for the White House, each candidate must then participate in a number of caucuses and primaries, debates, conventions, speeches, and fund raising to promote more widespread public familiarity with the candidate. Each one of these steps towards the presidency is integral for a successful campaign and probable victory."

Tags:democracy, election

Abstract
The essay focuses on governmental representation of women in British Columbia. The central question is "What accounts for the dramatic increase of women in the legislature and, further, has that increase any short-term implications for the broader representation of women's interests?" The paper uses articles and texts by experts on the subject such as Linda Erickson (her article, "Parties, Ideology, and Feminist Action: Women and Political Representation in British Columbia Politics") and Jill Vickers' book, "Reinventing Political Science: a Feminist Approach".

From the Paper
"Erickson identifies a "rapidly developing society, a changing population base, and an economy driven by "industries and their exports" (108) as the driving forces behind the increased participation of women in the public sphere. BC's population increased and changed and due to migration, it became "ethnically and racially diverse" (Erikson 108). Erickson states that those changes have led to a less traditional BC community. She then specifies reasons leading to the raised presence of women in provincial politics; equal proportion of women to men, dominance of the service sector, urbanization, low birth rate, more women in higher education and higher incomes, (Erikson 108)."

Tags:Women's, Caucus, Ministry, of, Women's, Equality