Abstract This paper argues that, in addition to being ideologically motivated, the American Revolution was a logical response by economically-minded men to an impractical and increasingly intolerable colonial fiscal policy. The author points out that Great Britain viewed the colonies as a "cashcows", which enabled the colonial power to steal the resources and riches of the weaker colonies. The paper also points out several seminal precursors of the revolution: Severe taxation, the Stamp Act, the Boston Massacre, the Quartering Act and the suppression of religious freedom by an intransigent monarchy. The paper concludes that, unlike other countries under British colonial rule, the colonies were able to mount an efficient resistance and armed struggle.
From the Paper "The introduction of the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, and the Sugar Act did much to trigger widespread colonial resistance. Coupled with the Boston Massacre, these policies convinced the colonial Americans that the British intended to harm their very existence by unfair taxation and violent repression of peaceful demonstrations. It is important to note, however, that it was often powerful bankers and businessmen who opposed these taxations most vehemently."
Tags: intolerable, cashcows, precursors boston france
Abstract This paper examines a 2004 Wall Street Journal article on mad cow disease, and how companies, especially fast food companies, are responding to the possibility of tainted meat. It uses the example of McDonald's.
Tags: mad cow disease, mcdonald's fast food industry, marketin
Abstract This paper reviews the statement of cash flows for Papa John's Pizza and Dominos Pizza, and identifies how much cash was generated or used by operating, financing and investing activities. Using the statement of cash flows, the paper identifies some of the significant internal events that affected the company's cash position. The paper describes the changes in revenues and net incomes over the company's solvency, liquidity and profitability.
Tags: statement of cash flows, liquidity and solvency, ratio analysis, comparative analysis
Abstract This paper is on cash flow for a small software company, noting the particular requirements of such a company and the way cash flow can be used to make decisions about the company.
From the Paper "Managerial accounting entails various specific elements of cash flow, but these and their effects may differ from one type of business to another. Different types of cash flow have to be considered for a software company, based on the business requirements, workforce, and business environment. One analyst notes that "growing software companies track the actual cash going in and out of the business very closely" (Crankshaw para. 7). Crankshaw also notes that in a software company, engineering, marketing, and operations often make product-related decisions "that not only strengthen the company's infrastructure and its competitive advantage in the marketplace, but that improve cash flow as well" (Crankshaw para. 3). The reason for this is because there are many non-cash events that can have a negative effect on profitability that can thus distort the image of the cash flowing through the business."
This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of the legacy payment method which is currently the most widely used form of payment, aside from the direct use of cash.
Abstract This paper explores the various legacy purchase methods currently available which include credit cards, checks and online purchasing, which have basically done away with the need for actual cash. This paper details the various benefits to purchasing items and conducting business by way of a legacy payment method. This paper examines the numerous types of transactions that can be done with the use of a credit card including renting a car, hotel reservations, online and phone purchases. The writer of this paper also delves into the drawbacks of this particular payment method including the risk of exposing personal and financial information to third parties, when paying by credit card. This paper discusses the numerous problems that can arise when making purchases online where personal information is often vulnerable to exposure and unauthorized access. This paper also delves into the various technologies now available which help protect personal and sensitive information from being stolen which include the implementation of encrypted and secure websites.
Table of Contents:
Advantages
Disadvantages
Bibliography
From the Paper "One of the most critical issues that exist in the use of legacy payment methods in a networked environment, such as the credit card, is how secured are the financial and personal information of the credit card users. Especially when used online, where information is oftentimes vulnerable to threats and unauthorized access, there is a high possibility that credit card information may not be secured. This thus is causing great concerns for consumers. One of the processes when using credit cards in an online trading activity is the transmission of credit card numbers. If the server or web site that handles the information exchange between the consumer and the receiver is susceptible to unauthorized access, there is a chance that the credit card information may be stolen and used by another person for his own personal transactions."
Abstract The paper considers the official, public and economic responses of the mad cow scare on three nations; the U.S., Germany and the Netherlands. The paper reveals that in spite of the dramatic response taken by the governments, the research shows how America and Europe are moved more by panic than by fact. The paper asserts that the dangers of mad cow disease to human beings have been grossly exaggerated, creating an unrealistic public fear and the destruction of an industry. The paper maintains that the greatest preventative measure for mad cow disease is the proliferation of public and official understanding of what it is and how it is caused.
From the Paper "Recent years have witnessed an array of global food-borne health scares which are related to practices of careless governmental oversight, haphazard agricultural standards and increased free trade activities between industrialized nations and those developing nations which are either unable or unwilling to devote the necessary resources to administrative regulation. The outcome of these conditions has been an apparent invasion of certain advanced economies and societies of terrifying disease strains and the public panics there associated. Among those scares most publicly aired by the news would be those relating to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, which is more commonly known as 'Mad Cow Disease' or 'Mad Cow's Disease.' Between the years of 2001 and 2004, an outbreak of cases in a host of industrialized nations would spark the biggest public panic to date, prompting publics in said nations to abstain from beef, prompting such industries to experience devastating economic decline, inciting public airwaves to dedicate considerable focus to the subject and inspiring governmental leaders to draw up and pass legislation concerning the prevention of the disease spread and the prohibition of practices believed to cause it."
A discussion of the discovery of mad cow disease, to the present, and the role the media/government has played in control, prevention, and the dissemination of information.
Abstract Examines the treatment of Mad-cow disease in the media, and by the government.
Discusses the following topics
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and Scrapie
What Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Do
Two Theories on the Action of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
British Government Admits Mad Cow Disease Exists (1987)
Testing Results by the British government MAFF
Culpability of the British Medical Society
The Spread of CJD
Steps Taken by the British Government
From the Paper "Where the industry has gone wrong is in listening to the PR people. The mad-cow epidemic is not an information management issue?it is a disease that will not go away.? These words are from an interview with Dr. Pringle, a member of the Sperling Biomedical Foundation, and the founder of www.mad-cow.org. I believe that they highlight what has been fundamentally wrong about the treatment of mad-cow disease by the British government and the British media. Several grave errors have been made about the treatment of this issue, and they continue to have repercussions today, as we explore America's mad-cow incidents, and rising problems in Europe, Asia, and South America. At the time this paper was written, mad cow disease had been confirmed in domestic cattle in Belgium, France, Ireland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Switzerland, Spain and Germany."
Abstract This paper assesses the issue of advertising safety precautions for Mad Cow Disease from the position of a campaign manager for McDonald's customer service division. This paper will take the position that the public would remain loyal to McDonald's after efforts are made to educate them concerning mad cow disease.
Abstract The paper intrinsically studies the consequential affect and aftermath of "mad cow disease", which has led to the introduction of substitutes like pork and other meats in the market. It further studies the changing trends that many of these companies have incorporated in attempt to sustain and raise their profits from these substitutes. It looks at how studies show that integrating certain changes to the companies marketing mechanism and strategies on the eve of "mad cow disease" have been successful, not only to replenish the sales figures, but also in incurring profits.
From the Paper "The Other areas where consolidation occurred were the packing and retail industries. In an attempt to regain their market hold various leading food giants are vying to increase their sales and are introducing new trends. The four major companies, which followed the same suit, were Smithfield Foods, IBP, Swift (Conagra) and Excel (Cargill). In 1998, the four-firm concentration level was 56.3% of the packing sector. They contributed to the slaughter of more than half of the nation's hogs. Now Smithfield is the world's largest pork producer and kills an estimated 20% of the United States' hog supply. It considered itself as an integrated food company. Eventually owned the third largest hog producing firm in the US and also had been tightly coordinating with other large producers."
This paper discusses mad cow disease, a virulent cattle disease, which led to the destruction of 180,000 livestock in the United Kingdom and other European countries and plunged other major cattle-producing nations into a global panic.
Abstract This paper explains that mad cow disease is bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or BSE, a fatal brain disorder in cattle caused by a still-unknown agent. The author points out that U.K. reports also listed other animals as having been infected by TSEs, including domestic cats, mice, hamsters, goats, mink, monkeys, pigs, and some exotic species of the cat family. The paper reports that there is also suspicion that mad cow can be spread through human blood; therefore, the American Red Cross bans blood donations from people who have lived abroad, especially from those who spent as few as three months in the UK between 1980 and 1996.
From the Paper "The disease spread to cattle in other countries through infected animal feed UK exported to them within that decade. These countries in Europe alone included Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland (Lohn), which were reported to have at least one infected cow each. The UK also supplied animal feed to South Africa and non-European countries at that time, extending the reach Mad Cow beyond Europe and making it a global health scare."
Abstract The paper discusses the efficiency of the German governmental agencies and beef industry in estimating the risk of mad cow disease negatively affecting German consumers of beef during the years 2001 to 2004. The paper further discusses how the German governmental agencies and industry managers performed risk management strategies and policies through the selection and implementation of appropriate measures after the outbreak of mad cow disease in Germany in 2000 and until 2004. In addition, the paper looks at how the risk communication was conducted in relation to the true possibility that humans can contract Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (CJD), a variant of BSE.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Perceived Risk Analysis
Rational Problem-Solving
Food Safety Regulation Reform
Research Risk and Assessment
Food Industry Supports Government
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "The work of Grannis, Green and Bruch (2004) entitled: "Animal Health: The Potential Role for Livestock Disease Insurance" state that "animal disease can cause significant production losses and a reduction in livestock receipts." Grannis, Green and Bruch state that an opportunity development exists in assisting the management of livestock disease risks and one example is Germany. "Evidence from Germany demonstrates that both alternative value and consequential loss policies for livestock producers can be developed and can work in parallel with government indemnity programs. In Germany, indemnity payments are made based on predetermined and published payment schedules. These schedules are capped by maximum values that do not represent the value of superior commercial animals. Policies are available to insure the difference between the value indemnified according to the published government schedule and the value of the animal under regular, nondisease market conditions".
Abstract This paper reviews the book "Cows, Pigs, Wars and Witches" by Marvin Harris and provides a discussion of the author's concept of cultural materialism as a way of explaining how people and societies exist. It explains that the framework provided by Harris is also applied to an aspect of contemporary U.S. society (the war against Iraq).
From the Paper "In "Cows, Pigs Wars and Witches: The Riddles of Culture", anthropologist Marvin Harris provides a framework for understanding the riddles of culture that is known as cultural materialism. Whether it is the sacred status of the ..."
Tags: Hindus, Jews, Muslims, cows, pigs, warfare, environment, culture, survival, population control
Abstract This paper discusses Mad Cow Disease, otherwise known as Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy or as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. It discusses the history, background and pathophysiology of the disease. It then goes on to describe prevention and treatment options for the disease, concluding that there are no effective treatments available. The paper concludes by discussing nursing and collaborative care for patients with the disease.
Table of Contents:
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Prevention and Treatment
Differences in Classic CJD and Variant CJD
Nursing and Collaborative Care
From the Paper "Variant CJD has a median age at death of 28 years. The duration of the illness is approximately 13-14 months. Some of the clinical signs and symptoms include: prominent psychiatric/behavioral symptoms, painful dyesthesiasis; and delayed neurologic signs. The "Pulvinar sign" on an MRI is present in greater than 75% of most of the Variant CJD. The presence of "florid plaques" on neuropathology is usually in large numbers and easily detected. The agent is readily detected in the lymphoid tissue. There is a marked accumulation of protease-resistance prion protein noted in the brain. This is why the Variant CJD is much more easily detected because it shows up on more tests."
Abstract This paper describes the life of John R. Cash, the son of humble sharecroppers from Dyess, Arkansas (Cash), who eventually became known as Johnny Cash, The Man in Black. The metamorphosis of Cash from the son of humble sharecroppers to "The Man in Black" and the twists and turns along the way, are the focus of this research. Ultimately, the paper reveals that Cash's story is as much a story of the pleasures and pitfalls of celebrity as it is a tale of the human experience, of sin and redemption, and the endless quest of the human soul to attain purity.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Great Man from Humble Beginnings
JR Cash Becomes "The Man in Black"
The Man Comes Around
Conclusion
From the Paper "According to Carl Perkins, an early band mate of Cash's, lifelong friend and a star in his own right, is probably the single most important catalyst to the occurrence that would transform JR Cash, struggling musician into Johnny Cash, rising star. As Perkins' account of the story goes, JR was rehearsing some pieces of a song he was working on with Perkins' help, but it seemed to be missing something. In the course of the work session, Perkins spoke casually to Cash about the temptations of being a musician on the road, and warned Cash about the loose women who would try to lure him into adultery."
Tags: celebrity, june carter, hymns temptations opry
Abstract This paper explains that, in cash basis or cash accounting, businesses record transactions only if they involve the payment or receipt of cash, which does a poor job of matching revenues earned with money laid out for expenses. The author points out that, in accrual accounting, the economic impact of a transaction is recorded whether or not the transaction involves cash, which does a better job of matching revenues with expenses and of handling items such as property and equipment. The paper relates that the four statements used in the accrual method accounting are the balance sheet, the income statement, the statement of cash flows and the statement of stockholders' equity.
From the Paper "An example would be a purchase of supplies in July but the supplies are not sold until August. You receive the cash in August. However, when the books are closed all you have to show for July is an expense for supplies but no revenue to offset it, meaning there is a loss for that month. This can make it difficult for a business to determine whether or not it is earning a profit because all its business activity does not always fall on the same month. It also has trouble tracking anything other than cash. For example if you purchased equipment or property the cash method of accounting would show the purchase and disbursement in the month of purchase. These items, however, will be used over a period of time."
