Abstract
This paper explains that the American International Group--AIG, the world's largest insurer--was reported to have arranged deals to manipulate financial figure in its own records and those of General Re, a reinsurance company, resulting in financial fraud during the autumn of 2000. The author points out that AIG also was involved in another accounting fraud with Brightpoint Inc., which was reported by the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2003; AIG worked closely with the Brightpoint people to tailor an alleged insurance policy that let Brightpoint overstate its earnings by an amazing 61% in a cash circulation deal from Brightpoint to AIG and again back to Brightpoint. The paper defines receivables are monies due from the customers, which are tallied by invoices and happen due to operating cycle's process of selling inventory or services on terms that permit delivery before cash is collected.

Table of Contents
The General Re Fraud
The Brightpoint Fraud
Cash & Accrual Basis of Accounting
Receivables and Inventory
Fixed and Intangible Assets
Liability & Stockholders Equity

From the Paper
"Under the cash method of accounting, the books are maintained on the actual cash flow. Income is recorded on its receipt and expenses enter the books on their actual payment. Whereas majority of the businesses use the accrual basis, the most correct method for the company depends on the sales volume, credit policy of the company and business structure. In case of the accrual method, income & expenses are recorded while they occur, notwithstanding whether there has been exchange of cash and an example of this is sale on credit. Accrual method is appropriate when the annual sales are more than $5 million and the business is a corporate organization. Besides, it is suggested that while selling on credit, matching of income and expenses during a given period must be done."

Tags:cash-circulation, invoices, cash-method, reserves, equity

Abstract
This is a detailed explanation of how to prepare a cash flow analysis and what a cash flow analysis measures. The theory of calculating the cash flow of Spaulding Enterprises is used as an example.

From the Paper
"A cash flow analysis measures the actual intake and outflow of cash in an organization. The accrual accounting system that most large companies use to prepare their financial statements is based upon the idea that expenses should match earnings. For example, a piece of equipment may produce items that are sold over a period of time. So rather than expense the item all at once, it is depreciated over its useful life to show that the cost of each item includes part of the expense..."

Tags:cash, flow, analysis, manufacturing

Abstract
A brief review of the differences between cash-basis financial accounting and accrual-basis financial accounting. Differences between accountants and financial managers regarding treatment of cash are also discussed.

From the Paper
"This paper compares and contrasts cash-basis financial accounting and accrual-basis accounting. Additionally, differences between accountants and financial managers with respect to the treatment of cash are considered.
"The conceptual difference between cash-basis financial accounting and accrual-basis financial accounting centers on the recognition of income and expenses. Within this context, a differentiation is made in accrual-basis financial accounting between a) income and expenses and b) receipts and disbursements."

Tags:Cash-basis, financial manager, accountant, Accrual-basis

Abstract
This paper describes and analyzes the statements of cash flow for Bank of America and Wachovia, two American financial institution. The paper includes discussions on cash on hand. The paper concludes with a look at investing, financing, gains and losses and net increases in deposits.

Tags:banks, financial institutions, thrift industry, Bank of America, Wachovia, cash flow, deposits

Abstract
This paper is on cash flow for a small software company, noting the particular requirements of such a company and the way cash flow can be used to make decisions about the company.

From the Paper
"Managerial accounting entails various specific elements of cash flow, but these and their effects may differ from one type of business to another. Different types of cash flow have to be considered for a software company, based on the business requirements, workforce, and business environment. One analyst notes that "growing software companies track the actual cash going in and out of the business very closely" (Crankshaw para. 7). Crankshaw also notes that in a software company, engineering, marketing, and operations often make product-related decisions "that not only strengthen the company's infrastructure and its competitive advantage in the marketplace, but that improve cash flow as well" (Crankshaw para. 3). The reason for this is because there are many non-cash events that can have a negative effect on profitability that can thus distort the image of the cash flowing through the business."

Tags:cash, flow, decisions

Abstract
This is a case about an obsolete cash management problem that precedes interstate banking and problems in internal transfer of funds between corporate accounts.

From the Paper
"The underlying assumption of the case does not make sense. Nationwide branching has been available in the United States since the Regal-Neal Act gave states the right to opt out of nationwide branch banking within a limited period of time and Texas and Montana did so. In ..., Texas reversed its position and Montana is not relevant to this case. The obvious solution would be for the company to select a bank that had branches or correspondents..."

Tags:Branch Banking, cash management, deposit, collected balances, point of sale, audit trail, embezzlement, rate of return, automated clearing house, bank transfers

Abstract
The paper identifies the purpose of the statement of cash flows, the various components that comprise that statement and how the statement is used by different stakeholders.

From the Paper
"If accounting is the language of business, three key financial statements are its literature. The balance sheet income statement, statement of owners' equity and statement of cash flows are used by stakeholders both inside and outside the company to analyze the company's operations. The balance sheet income statement and statement of owners'equity are often well-understood by stakeholders and provide information about the company at a specific date. The balance sheet defines the company's ownership structure and overall financial health, including what it has..."

Tags:statement of cash flows, financial statements

Abstract
This paper explores the various legacy purchase methods currently available which include credit cards, checks and online purchasing, which have basically done away with the need for actual cash. This paper details the various benefits to purchasing items and conducting business by way of a legacy payment method. This paper examines the numerous types of transactions that can be done with the use of a credit card including renting a car, hotel reservations, online and phone purchases. The writer of this paper also delves into the drawbacks of this particular payment method including the risk of exposing personal and financial information to third parties, when paying by credit card. This paper discusses the numerous problems that can arise when making purchases online where personal information is often vulnerable to exposure and unauthorized access. This paper also delves into the various technologies now available which help protect personal and sensitive information from being stolen which include the implementation of encrypted and secure websites.

Table of Contents:
Advantages
Disadvantages
Bibliography

From the Paper
"One of the most critical issues that exist in the use of legacy payment methods in a networked environment, such as the credit card, is how secured are the financial and personal information of the credit card users. Especially when used online, where information is oftentimes vulnerable to threats and unauthorized access, there is a high possibility that credit card information may not be secured. This thus is causing great concerns for consumers. One of the processes when using credit cards in an online trading activity is the transmission of credit card numbers. If the server or web site that handles the information exchange between the consumer and the receiver is susceptible to unauthorized access, there is a chance that the credit card information may be stolen and used by another person for his own personal transactions."

Tags:payment, currency, cash, credit, cards, technology, internet, security, finance

Abstract
The paper examines thermohaline circulation. The paper deals with what happens if the thermohaline circulation collapses. The paper looks at thermohaline circulation in general; what it does, what could disrupt it, any evidence for disruption and what happens if it is disrupted.

From the Paper
"Global warming is one of the most pressing global environmental issues. There is ample evidence that global warming is occurring and that it will have fundamental effects on global climate. For example, in "Impact of global change and forest management on carbon sequestration in northern forested peatlands" [1]Martin Lavoiet et al note, "The atmospheric concentration of CO2 has increased by 31% since 1750 and is expected to double by the end of the 21st century, reaching 720 ppm (parts per million) (IPCC 2001).""

Tags:climate, ocean, currents

Abstract
This paper describes the life of John R. Cash, the son of humble sharecroppers from Dyess, Arkansas (Cash), who eventually became known as Johnny Cash, The Man in Black. The metamorphosis of Cash from the son of humble sharecroppers to "The Man in Black" and the twists and turns along the way, are the focus of this research. Ultimately, the paper reveals that Cash's story is as much a story of the pleasures and pitfalls of celebrity as it is a tale of the human experience, of sin and redemption, and the endless quest of the human soul to attain purity.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Great Man from Humble Beginnings
JR Cash Becomes "The Man in Black"
The Man Comes Around
Conclusion

From the Paper
"According to Carl Perkins, an early band mate of Cash's, lifelong friend and a star in his own right, is probably the single most important catalyst to the occurrence that would transform JR Cash, struggling musician into Johnny Cash, rising star. As Perkins' account of the story goes, JR was rehearsing some pieces of a song he was working on with Perkins' help, but it seemed to be missing something. In the course of the work session, Perkins spoke casually to Cash about the temptations of being a musician on the road, and warned Cash about the loose women who would try to lure him into adultery."

Tags:celebrity, june carter, hymns temptations opry