Abstract
This paper takes a look at social work casework and the developmental process. According to the paper, the main ingredients that influence and cause an effect on a casework are reversion prevention hypothesis, family maturity model, communal work concept and application and solution-centered treatment. The paper further discusses how ecology can influence the progression of a case.

Outline:
To Determine How Cases Are Developed
To Assist Those Underserved
To Develop Resources/Guidelines as a Social Worker
A Short Case Study With a Client i.e., Martha A

From the Paper
"Most of the caseworkers also state that when they focus on the patients' abilities instead of deficits, the patient is able to draw more helpful and practical solutions from his/her prior achievements. This is very different from the conventional models which have mainly told the patients what they were doing wrong and what they should not be doing at all which makes them feel inferior, naive and incapable of coming up with effective and workable solutions (Barrett, Christensen and Todahl, 1999). This also helps the caseworkers share the load of the work with the families and the individuals (Barrett, Christensen and Todahl, 1999) without taking away anything from them by discouraging them to do something. "

Tags:communication, socio-economic, conventional, models, caseworkers, framework

Abstract
This paper shows how forensic science is applied to criminal casework in the case of Ted L. Bradford, a man who was convicted of rape and served a nine-year prison sentence, only to have that conviction overturned upon his release through the use of DNA technologies applied to evidence in the case.

From the Paper
"The increasing sophistication of technology over the past two decades has greatly expended the ability of forensic scientists where criminal casework is concerned. As one forensic scientist observes; "The focus of most criminal investigations is on linking evidence from the crime scene to suspects, and for more than a century, science has played an increasingly important role in this process." (Bowen) This is particularly and perhaps most significantly true with respect to DNA testing. According to the Innocence Project, a New York-based group that works to overturn..."

Tags:skin cells, appeals court, sexual offender, Washington, prosecutor, crime, justice system

Abstract
This paper contends that the United States child welfare system has gone from bad to worse, even as citizens cry out for reform. The paper takes a hard look at what has worked and what hasn't and includes "Twelve Ways to Do Child Welfare Right". The paper examines specific cases and reasons for failure such as the training of caseworkers and lack of funding. It also looks at how Florida's effort at privatizing the child welfare system mostly turned out to be a failed experiment.

From the Paper
"There are many cases such as these throughout the country and throughout the child welfare system. Many of the cases revolve around similar themes. Continuing child abuse and neglect while households are under the supervision of a state welfare agency is appallingly common. The abuse and neglect is done by both the natural parents and by foster parents assigned by a welfare agency. It would seem that since the household is under supervision then the instances of abuse and neglect would be minimized; since the safety and well being of children is the main goal of these child welfare agencies. What are the reasons that neglect and abuse continue right under the noses of caseworkers? Is it true that well meaning case workers are unable to properly supervise and conduct prescribed home visits to all of these families because of the size of their caseloads? Are foster parents, even though foster parents were approved by the child welfare agency more likely than biological parents to neglect or abuse a child in their care?"

Tags:abuse, agency, neglect

Abstract
This paper explains that working alliances between disparate rehabilitation system caregivers, justice system professionals and parents are the most effective means of achieving desirable behavioral and attitudinal changes. The paper states that acting-out or delinquent behavior is recognized as an associated feature of adolescent depression disorders. The author believes that the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a valuable tool in assisting caseworkers, social workers and counselors in developing effective treatment regimens.

From the Paper
"Miser (1996) commented that difficulty in the assessment and treatment of juvenile delinquents can be explained by social labeling theory. In this theory, it is posited that any delinquent act, regardless of underlying causes, is a legal construct that carries a label capable of influencing the clinical judgment of those who assess and then treat such clients. Abnormal behavior is defined in terms of a legal violation and some type or degree of punitive treatment or response is then required. The mere act of labeling the youthful offender as "delinquent" produces adverse effects on self-concept, which is believed by some to insulate against delinquency. Lower levels of self-concept are associated with deviant labels. Counseling the youthful offender therefore often focuses on development of a positive self-concept or image."

Tags:mmpi, labels, depression, disorder, treatment

From the Paper
"Social work practice involves a dual mission: to assist clients and to change society. These two distinctive branches of social work emerged in the United States from the Charity Organization Societies and from the Settlement House Movement. The services performed by the Charity Organization Societies later became known as casework. The Settlement House Movement activities eventually developed into group work and community organizations. The challenge of modern social work is to balance the dual focus of the profession by providing for the individual's needs within the context of his or her environment.

The social work profession emerged from the complex social needs that developed in Europe and North America as a result of urbanization and industrialization. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, aid to the poverty-stricken was administered either..."

Abstract
This is a case study of an underage trans-gender individual who wants his caseworker to give him drugs despite the fact that he is disqualified by his young age from receiving them. The writer describes that the caseworker, also the head of the Wayfarer organization that counsels trans-gender individuals, must make the best decision on what to do. The writer discusses that she considers several theories, the NASW Code of Ethics, and the results of brainstorming before making her decision, which is detailed and justified at the end.

From the Paper
"In the case of Jonas Jonas is the client and the stakeholders include him the parents the GLBT community at large the Trans-gender Program at Wayfarer Community Health Center and other social workers. Not all of these entities can or should be involved in this decision however. It is a matter primarily for Jonas the Trans-gender Program Wayfarer and me to resolve and it should be viewed from all of our perspectives before the decision is made. The decision will ..."

Tags:social work, case, sociology, transgender, transsexual, GLBT community, rights-based, duty-based, utilitarianism, NASW code of ethics

Abstract
This paper explains that the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is an advocacy group, which works to protect the interests of impoverished and working class individuals in Ontario. The author points out that, through direct action and casework, OCAP helps many poor people. The paper relates the reasons why people would want to work for OCAP.

From the Paper
"The Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is an advocacy group that works to protect the interests of impoverished and or working class individuals in Ontario. According to Jeff Shantz in Fighting to Win, The Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is a direct action anti-poverty organization which, since 1989, has fought governments of all stripes in Ontario, left (so-called), right and centre to defend the needs of poor people and to work for a future where people are able to live decently (Shantz 2002: 1). Although this mission statement seems to be relatively straightforward the reality of the situation needs to be explained in detail."

Tags:ocap, working-poverty

Abstract
This paper reviews the history of social work as a profession, from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. This paper takes a look at how social work has developed into two models of service, social activism and casework, and the impact these models have had on social work as a profession.

From the Paper
"In this ideal, a Protestant women who represented conservative economics of thrift and Social Darwinism softened by a missionary creed Christian love, and good intentions, would go into urban environments and aid the poor with clothing, better housing, and food, but often only if the poor were willing to reform their intemperate or immoral ways. As Darwin grew increasingly popular in the common intellectual currency of the land, however, these women were encouraged not just to be Christian but to seek to follow "scientific principles as they were then understood," to "study and investigate relief applications, separate the recipients into deserving or undeserving classes and then treat them by making referrals and providing them with friendship." (Huff, Social Work, 2000, Ch.1, p.4)
The idea of the deserving and undeserving poor, however, showed that despite the zeal of some organizers such as Day, who critiqued city laws and housing policy, there was a strong element of individualistic moral judgment in these early 'cases' studied by 'friendly visitors.' The personal, moral psychology of the poor was seen partially to blame in the impoverished individual's plight, although the idea of deserving poor people suggested, if not explicitly acknowledged, that the poor could suffer from want for reasons beyond their personal control. "

Tags:ethical, professional, Children's, Aid, Society, Salvation, Army, Social, Darwinism, chrisitan, love

Abstract
This paper explains that, although they counsel young women about all options including pregnancy termination, the Pregnancy Resource Center (PRC) provides information, counseling and pregnancy testing but not abortions and offers services free or at a very low cost to clients, young and old. The author points out that PRC believes that the most common alternative to unwanted pregnancies is abstinence. The paper relates that the agency provides support to mothers who choose to keep and raise their children, everything from baby formula and diapers to maternity and baby clothing, car seats,and cribs to needy families and mothers.

From the Paper
"Funding is always a challenge in any community service organization such as this. PRC has a wide variety of creative funding and donation sources. They provide a donation button on their Web site, and have several local programs where citizens can donate a variety of equipment and funds. The ask for donations of baby and expecting mother necessities, such as baby bottles, clothing, formula, diapers, cribs, and more. They also encourage people to turn in their own cell phones for recycling. They receive $7 for each phone they collect and turn in to an organization that refurbishes them and donates them to needy organizations. They also have a program with the local Marble Slab Creamery ice cream store."

Tags:caseworkers, funding, welfare, testing, abstinence