Abstract
This paper discusses Rachel Carson's literary contributions to the environmentalist movement, particularly, "Silent Spring," which examines the life-destroying capabilities of pesticides. The paper discusses Rachel Carson's commitment to science and the impact her works had on the environmentalist movement, today.

From the Paper
"Best remembered for her classic indictment of the life-destroying capabilities of pesticides in her classic, Silent Spring (1962), Rachel Carson had a long-standing and deeply-felt concern about human treatment of its fragile and life-sustaining ecosystem. Even before the national attention that came with Silent Spring, Carson had made a substantial mark on the American imagination with The Sea Around Us, published in 1951 when Carson was in her early forties. Its popularity and commercial success was almost unprecedented for books "about nature" and it went on to win its writer both the John Burroughs Medal (awarded to the author of a distinguished book of natural history) and the National Book Award."

Tags:environmentalism pesticides, rachel carson, ecosphere pesticides science ecology

Abstract
This paper discusses the impact and legacy of Rachel Carson and her 1962 book, "Silent Spring", on the environment. The paper explains Carson's thesis that the increased use of chemicals in the industrial and agricultural sectors has a negative impact of the environment.

From the Paper
"In1962, Rachel Carson wrote in "Silent Spring" that the rapidity of change and the speed with which new situations are created follow the impetuous and heedless pace of man, rather than the deliberate pace of nature. Carson's text represented an effort to awaken a public that was unaware of the negative impact being made upon the environment by man's increased use of chemicals in both the industrial and agricultural sectors and what Carson called man's war against nature. The point that Carson made was..."

Tags:environment, Rachel Carson, Silent Spring, chemicals, industrial, agricultural

Abstract
This paper discusses the characters Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryoneis, and Herakles from Ann Carson's "Autobiography of Red", explaining their alter egos in mythology.

From the Paper
"Ann Carson's "Autobiography of Red" features the names Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryon's red dog Geryoneis and Herakles. Carson did not invent these figures, they have a reality outside her fiction. Stesichorus, for example, was a ...th-century poet whose name means chorus master. Inspired by Homer, he specialized in long narrative poems having mythological themes and wrote similar stories such as "The Wooden Horse" and "The Capture of Troy". Stesichorus is said to have been struck blind for writing a..."

Tags:Ann Carson, Autobiography of Red, Stesichorus, Geryon, Geryoneis, Herakles

Abstract
This paper looks at the case against DDT, and how it was spearheaded by Rachel Carson with publication of her book, "Silent Spring". It looks at the different positions taken by affected parties and their responsibilities.

From the Paper
"The case under study in "The Silence of the Birds": Rachel Carson and the Pesticides" concerns the pesticide DDT which was banned. DDT has been banned for all use and sale in the United States by the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act. A major driving force behind this ban was Rachel Carson, a naturalist and science writer who became aware of DDT and its potential forecological damage and issued warnings that it might not be the panacea for insect woes..."

Tags:DDT, Rachel Carson

Abstract
The paper looks at the life of Christopher "Kit" Carson, an almost mythic character in American history. He played an important role in the United State's expansion as a major player in the government's war with the Navajo Indians, finally forcing them off their lands. The paper reports on Carson's childhood. As his father died when he was nine years old, the need to work prevented him from ever receiving an education. His story is remarkable because in his lifetime Carson played so many roles that aided in Westward expansion in addition to Indian fighter: mountain man, trapper, guide, and sheep rancher. Both during and after Carson's life, astounding stories were told about his bravery, great strength and heroic deeds he had performed. The paper concludes that the story of Carson reveals both the good and the bad; while playing an important role in the Untied States expansion, he participated in important ways in subjugation and mistreatment of Native Americans. He was an army officer who followed his orders, but today those actions are recognized as wrong. His life is an example of those complex times.

From the Paper
"Christopher "Kit" Carson, who was born in 1809 and died in 1868, has become an almost mythic character in American history. He started out as an apprentice to a saddle-maker, but made his way to the West, where he became a fur trapper and guide. He started out enjoying good relationships with Native Americans and even married Native American women twice in his life. Eventually he was an officer in the Civil War, and he played a major role in the American government's war with the Navajo Indians, finally forcing them off their lands."

Tags:Navajo, subjugation, mistreatment, Native, Americans, expansion, civil, war, slavery, army, tribe

Abstract
Rachel Carson's 1962 book, "Silent Spring," unquestionably served as a catalyst in the formation of the modern environmental movement, rousing many to action, and profoundly altering the public conception of government, industry, and the human relationship to the natural world. This paper explores the myriad ways in which Carson revolutionized nature writing and her profound impact on American life.

From the Paper
"Perhaps the most noticeable aspect of Carson's writing is its lack of overt glorification of the natural world. Gone are Muir's mountain "temples," "bathed in light, bathed in floods of singing water," or "the wild sheep of God" that populate Mary Austin's' landscape. Carson boldly does away with the grandiose language usually used to evoke emotion, and in its place she creates an overriding tone of objectivity. A trained biologist, she presents a vast body of information in a style that is succinct and straightforward, designed to have a logical, rather than artistic or spiritual, appeal. References to the divine, for example, are almost entirely lacking - a marked contrast between her work and that of most other writers. Rather, one races through a series of vividly sketched case studies and statistics, which together paint an increasingly convincing and dire picture. It is this tone of objectivity, somewhat ironically, that creates much of Silent Spring's tremendous emotional impact."

Tags:ddt, fertilizer, fungicide, pesticides

Abstract
This paper examines Anne Carson's prose poem "The Glass Essay" in terms of the post-modern condition, which reduces human experience to the self and fragmented meanings, to loneliness and senselessness. It focuses on particular events in the poem, such as Carson's descriptions of her mother and a past love affair, and her insights into the mind of Emily Bronte. The paper ends by pointing out that, though the poem is written in the post-modern form and tradition, its conclusion presents a not so post-modern self but rather a very human, heartening, and timeless self.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Past Love Affair
An Aging Mother
On Emily Bronte
The Post-modern Self
Concluding Remarks

From the Paper
"Throughout "The Glass Essay" Carson describes the profound loneliness that has always been part of human experience known to some individuals more than others and that is seen as a strong part of the postmodern personality. The world is thought to have changed with a great loss of faith in authorities, institutions or ideas of art or value that leave many people feeling they have no bearings, or that life is only absurd and senseless. People are believed to be more cut off from one another than was true in the past and with the resulting loneliness involving only the self as a reliable reality. It may be said that postmodern ideas of the self stress this extreme individuality and its results, no past grouping or category seeming to have relevance."

Tags:Emily, Bronte, mother

Abstract
This paper centers on the character of Frankie Adams' incomplete development and the symbolic use of music in Carson McCullers' classic novel "The Member of the Wedding." One of the most important examples of how the author uses music to signify Frankie's development is illustrated through the jazz horn in part one of the book while in part two the music of the piano foreshadows her progression towards maturity. This paper also examines how music signifies Frankie's instability within herself and the world around her.

From the Paper
"In part two of the novella, the music of the piano also foreshadows Frankie's progression towards maturity. As the neighbor's piano is being tuned, it carries out the sound of interrupted music. With every repeated stop and start, it shows the music is out of Frankie's control. Because the music is disoriented, it represents the unpredictable ways of Frankie not finishing her transition to young adulthood. The musical references symbolize the confusion and chaos Frankie associates with her transition in the world."

Tags:literature, music, symbolism, adolescence, maturity, devlopment

Abstract
This paper reviews the short story "A Tree. A Rock. A Cloud" by Carson McCullers. The writer describes the main characters of the story, their interaction with each other and explains their literary roles as defined by the author.

From the Paper
"There are three central characters, two of whom have minimal dialogue, and only one of whom is given a name. Leo is the owner of the cafe where the story takes place. The newspaper boy who visits the cafe early in the morning while on his rounds is twelve and is never named. The focus is on the drunken man sitting alone at a table, a man who makes a surprising comment to the boy and who then expands on his comment by telling his own story. The situation between the boy and the drunk involves a series of implied contrasts between youth and age, innocence and experience. A secondary contrast is evident between the drunken man and Leo, here between an open and accepting spirit and a closed and angry one. What the drunken man imparts to the boy is a difficult lesson learned, and the rather elliptical way the older man imparts this lesson suggests that the boy will have to learn it for himself, probably through experience, just as the older man has."

Tags:Leo, cafe, drunkard, symbolic, metaphoric

Abstract
This three-page undergraduate paper discusses the work of Carson McCullers and Katherine Paterson in terms of which writer is more realistic in dealing with adolescent identity problems. The paper compares their major novels and concludes that Paterson's portrayal of the issue is more realistic than McCullers'.