Abstract
The paper outlines the history of Lewis Carroll and Mary Cassatt, and provides a discussion on how to interpret their subject matter. The paper discusses how history portrays both artists and how their lives contributed to their artistic interpretations.

From the Paper
""The world of visual representation has been mined as a part of the new interpretive strategies created by Freudian, feminist, gender, and gay or queer studies scholars. Indeed, the very meaning of the word body has been significantly expanded during the last generation, and central to this has been the fascinating development of body studies in the visual arts (Brettell 131)." Though the body and it's interpretations have indeed been over-analyzed throughout the "modern" interpretations of art through sexuality and other gender and sex politics, it is a useful tool for art historians and historians alike to gain insight into the world of the..."

Tags:carroll, cassatt, sexuality

Abstract
This paper argues that the treatment of reality and fantasy in works by Lewis Carroll is unique in the annals of literature, for never has it been accomplished with such an effectiveness, subtlety, delicacy and poignancy. The paper first outlines the realms of reality and fantasy, before positing a commentary on the treatment, the juxtaposition and the eventual merging of these existential states in the earlier set of works by Lewis Carroll. The works considered are: "Alice in Wonderland" and "Through the Looking Glass".

From the Paper
"Looking at these works, an extremely interesting fact emerges. The author has made use of a skillful set of frames in the narration of works that aspire almost to the status of epics. Literary frames are devices that enable an author to activate various levels of demarcation in a work, enabling the author himself to remain relatively discrete of his own work. The first frame used in 'Alice in Wonderland' is the concept of a dream into which Alice tumbles, thus entering the world of Wonderland. The figure of the White Rabbit, the harbinger of chaos, a denizen from the other world setting foot into this one is the first element of fantasy that one finds in the book."

Tags:White, Knight, white, rabbit, Jabberwocky, Humpty-Dumpty

Abstract
This paper explains that Lewis Carroll and Edgar Allan Poe have both developed strong relationships with children; but Carroll?s focus on children was a healthy one, whereas Poe?s was not. The author points out that Poe can be viewed as a troubled man whose childhood caused him to develop significant problems in his view of women and relationships, which can be seen in his poetry and short stories. The paper stresses that Carroll?s relationships with children are healthy ones where he relates well to children and feels a genuine fatherly care for children as seen in "Alice?s Adventures in Wonderland".

From the Paper
"The only question that remains to be answered in regards to Carroll is why his interest was mainly in young girls, and did not extend to young boys. This is a point that can be suggestive of Carroll having a perverse interest in young girls. Once again, though, the content of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" provides the logical answer. The interesting thing about "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" is that all of the images presented are more female-focused than male-focused. Obviously, the main character is female. But there is also the white rabbit, the Cheshire cat, and the tea party. Overall, these seem to be images more feminine than masculine. The suggested reason for these images is that masculine images would tend to be more brutal. A tea party is a typical game for girls to play. The equivalent for boys might be playing war games, or more physical sports."

Tags:perverse, wonderland, children, troubled, delight

Abstract
The paper offers an analysis of the novels, poems and photographs of Lewis Carroll. The paper includes an argument that his lack of emotional expression with other adults in his life found its outlet in his creative work.

From the Paper
"Lewis Carroll is the pen name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, born in England in and best remembered as a writer of books specifically for children. Harmon Carroll was a poet and photographer as well as an author but he also spent years as an Oxford don where he excelled as a teacher of mathematics. Whether through his use of absurd language, his exceptional visual images of children he photographed his preoccupation with numbers or his visual poems. Carroll was a master of imagery."

Tags:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, imagery, poetry, photography, little girls, shaped verse, mathematics, dreams, dream state, unconscious mind

Abstract
This paper looks at specific influences in the life of Charles Dodgson (aka Lewis Carroll) such as split personality disorder, sleep difficulty and Victorian era social problems and examines how they are represented in the story of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". A detailed analysis of the story shows that there are characters, events and symbols that may serve as allegorical representations of the influences in the author's life.

From the Paper
"What is the difference between dreaming and pretending? The pretender creates the environment for the action while the dreamer is forced to negotiate an environment that was not consciously created. One of the most celebrated dreams in literature involves a girl named Alice and a place called Wonderland. On a hot July day in 1862, Charles Dodgson began telling a story to three little girls during a boating trip. It was a fantastic tale about a mysterious rabbit hole, talking animals, magic potions and a particularly violent Queen. One of the girls on the trip, Alice Liddell, begged Mr. Dodgson to write down the story for her. The story was written as Alice's Adventures Under Ground, which was later published under the more commonly known name, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Bassett 49). For the causal reader of this fairy tale, it may be hard to imagine how the author created such an outlandish story. The characters are bizarre and often absurd. Nothing in the story seems to be of this world, at least not within the realms of known sciences. However, a detailed analysis of the story shows that there are characters, events and symbols that may serve as allegorical representations of the influences in the author's life. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a story comprised of extra ordinary characters and events that correspond directly to the real life biography of Charles Dodgson."

Tags:dual, personas, pen, name, nonsense, fantasy, double, identity, control, logical, academic

Abstract
This paper begins by presenting an outline and definition of the realms of reality and fantasy. It then posits a commentary on the treatment, the juxtaposition and the eventual merging of reality and fantasy in the earlier set of works by Lewis Carroll. The works considered are "Alice in Wonderland" and "Through the Looking Glass".

From the Paper
"The treatment of reality and fantasy in works by Lewis Carroll is, shall I say, unique in the annals of literature, for never has it been accomplished with such an effectiveness, subtlety, delicacy and poignancy. The principal idea in this first set of works is one of a visible, palpable and tangible 'transition point', from which the protagonist enters a realm of fantasy from a realm of reality. That 'point de depart', so to speak, is symbolized by the rabbit hole in the first work, and a looking glass in the second, both of which have a special significance as motifs of transition between the planes of reality and fantasy. Once Alice crosses these points, she passes into a realm where logic and reality as she knows it no longer applies. The idea of a definite transition point, through which one may pass in order to get to another realm is a form of subconscious demarcation used by Carroll between reality and fantasy. A portal through which one may pass automatically represents a gateway back from the other realm to this one, thus preserving the integrity of both worlds."

Tags:theme, fantasy

Abstract
The paper discusses that the reader may discover insights about himself and the world amidst the gobbledygook of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". The author believes that Carroll uses language, such as puns and linguistic play, as a tool with which he introduced the reader to ideas often times overshadowed by nonsense. The paper explains that nonsensical events such as the Mad Hatter's tea party and the Knave's trial, have a deeper meaning in "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland".

From the Paper
"Through the character of Alice, Carroll provides readers with knowledge of Victorian people, as well as our personal struggles to mature and find our true identities. Amidst the madness in Wonderland, Alice remains her rational self, concerned with reciting her lessons so that others will appreciate her being well educated. However, what she recites is "not quite right . . . [because] some of the words have got altered" (Carroll 49). Alice's fretting over saying her lessons correctly is Carroll's way of satirizing Victorian education. One critic points out that Alice's swimming in the pool of tears she has wept is " . . . [Carroll's] making an astute observation on Victorian education, notably that the acquisition of knowledge and guilt over assumed transgression often accompany each other . . ." ."

Tags:satire, victorian, insight, puns, party

Abstract
The following paper explores the human tendency to break the world down into tidy little definitions as seen in most interpretations of "The Jabberwocky". This paper, however, also takes a look at how "The Jabberwocky" ceases to be nonsense, becoming instead a tragic and beautiful glimpse into the process of growing up.

From the Paper
"In the second book of the Alice in Wonderland stories, Alice finds a poem called Jabberwocky of which she can make little or no sense. Later in the book she asks Humpty Dumpty (of nursery rhyme fame) to help her interpret the story. With fitting irony, the main emphasize of most scholars attempting to approach this poem is precisely the same as that of the famous giant egg. In fact, despite the fact that he is a decidedly cracked source, Dumpty s opinion on the poem s meaning has been taken as definitive for most scholars."

Tags:individual, words, scholars, teachers, nonsense, growing, up, humpty, dumpty, giant, egg, nursery, rhyme, fame

From the Paper
"This study will provide a critical analysis of three works by Lewis Carroll: Alice in Wonderland, Through the Looking-Glass and the poem "A Sea Dirge." In the two fantasy novels, Carroll depicts young Alice and her loss of contact with the commonplace reality to which she was accustomed. Alice finds the world of nature not as reliable as she had once believed and yet discovers that she can act with adaptability and courage in that strange world. The poem, conversely, shows the poet's hatred toward the sea and his inability to adapt to what he sees as its threat to his reality or even sanity. Unlike Alice who is constantly besieged with new and startling realities, the poet assumes that he knows all there is to know about the milieu of the sea, and there is nothing about it which strikes his fancy. Nevertheless, the poem is meant to be humorous, as are the two fantasy novels."

Abstract
The paper discusses how during the 19th century, the genre of children's fantasy literature emerged, with two of the most prominent authors of this genre being Charles Kingsley and Lewis Carroll. The paper asserts that of the two, Carroll seems more interested in helping children imagine and fantasize. The paper shows how while Kingsley did innovate with fantasy literature, he also tried to convey a very Victorian set of moral teachings for children, while Carroll focused exclusively on innovating for children.

From the Paper
"Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (a.k.a. Lewis Carroll) and Charles Kingsley were two of the most popular 19th Century authors of children's fantasy literature. Both, coincidently were ordained clergymen and both were influential writers who can be seen as a part of the Victorian age, publishing Alice in Wonderland (Carroll) in 1865 and Water Babies (Kinsley) in 1863 (Lam). As a genre of literature, fantasy was somewhat controversial for much the 19th Century. Many believed that children's literature should mainly..."

Tags:fantasy, kingsley, carroll