Abstract
This six-page undergraduate paper discusses the work of Honore Daumier, the French caricaturist and lithographer who shot to fame in the 19th century with his satirical caricatures. The artist is known for his caricatures that ridiculed the political figures and highlighted the social injustices prevailing in France during his time.

Abstract
This paper explains that, although Henri Matisse and Picasso are noted as two of the greatest artists of the 20th century, Matisse, whose career spanned many decades, was always humble about his art especially his origins as an artist. The author points out that his work did not show natural items; instead, he attempted to capture emotions, sensations and the experience of his subjects, which very often took on a life of their own and looked more like caricatures rather than real subjects. The paper relates that Matisse is know for his vivid colors and one-dimensionality as seen in his paintings "The Blue Nude" and "The Red Studio".

From the Paper
"In "The Red Studio," Matisse's use of color, imagination, and freedom of expression are all abundantly clear. In the one-dimensional work, detailed paintings clutter the walls, giving a sense of space and yet seeming closely confined at the same time. That is one very interesting aspect of Matisse's work throughout his career. His work was all flat and one-dimensional, and yet it did not seem flat or uninteresting at all. Critic Danto continues, "In 'The Red Studio' we see a corner, but the color of the walls, which meet at right angles, is uniform, as if they stood in the same plane."

Tags:one-dimensional, color, sensations, caricatures, freedom

Abstract
This paper discusses "A Tale of Two Cities" by Charles Dickens. It discusses whether or not the characters depicted in "A Tale of Two Cities" lean toward rich, detailed individuals or simply caricatures of Dickens' larger goals in the novel. The paper examines the text of the novel, as well as existing critical theory on the subject and suggests that the latter is more likely to be true.

From the Paper
"Dickens' characters in A Tale of Two Cities lack their own lives, instead serving as "mere vessels of transport for the essential elements of genuine behavior" (Davis and Womack 299). Rather than providing characters like Carton, Darnay, Lucie, and Defarge to live "lives" replete with extensive internal contradictions and complications, Dickens imagines these characters as idealized and stylized versions of ideals and values that are central to the story that he is telling. Lucie becomes the caring woman, while Defarge the spiteful one. Carton is identified through his occupation and stability, while Darnay represents the ethical dilemma inherent in the historical events leading up to the French Revolution. Dickens characters, thus, are caricatures whose presences are indicative of a level of understanding Dickens intends to grant his readership about the historical events that took place during the scope of his novel."

Tags:caricature, canonical, synecdoche, archetypical, images

Abstract
In this paper, the writer states that caricaturist, William Hogarth was able to achieve with his prints and caricatures, what his contemporaries strive to attain through their writings and poems. It looks at how his political agenda was served through his cartoons and engravings, as they depicted a very real picture of the life and society in the 18th century. It looks at how his work influenced Fielding's writings - also filled with a political agenda.

From the Paper
. It is commonly believed that, "In his masterpieces - "A Harlot's Progress," "A Rake's Progress," "Marriage A-la-Mode" and "Gin Lane" - he created an image of society so resonant and enduring that the adjective "Hogarthian" has come to define 18th-Century England." (Smith, 9) Henry Fielding was another famous name of those days. He wasn't just a contemporary of Hogarth's but was his close friend and staunch supporter. Together they fought against the immorality persisting in their society by highlighting its weaknesses in their works. Smith (1997) adds, "Hogarth, along with writers like his friend Henry Fielding, pioneered a vigorous, assertively British aesthetic that proudly declared its independence from the oppressive weight of classical tradition and unthinking reverence for continental art."
Fielding was deeply impressed by Hogarth's courage and brilliance and thus took inspiration from his works for his own writings. Fielding's famous works include Shamela, Joseph Andrews and Tom Jones, all three of which show prominent signs of Hogarth's influence."

Tags:shamela, tom, jones, cartoon, caricature

Abstract
The paper discusses the book, "Condi vs. Hillary", which claims to explore the likelihood of a remarkable Presidential race - one in which both Democratic and Republican parties would pick female candidates. The paper explores how, in this scenario, Hillary Rodham Clinton would run on the Democratic ticket while Condaleezza Rice would run for the Republicans. The writer proposes that the authors might well have good reason to believe their core assumptions, however, their book is too biased to provide useful information about either potential candidate. The paper concludes that the real problem with this book is that in the authors' decision to vilify Ms. Clinton and sanctify Ms. Rice, they have reduced both women to two-dimensional caricatures.

From the Paper
"The list is peppered with biased comments such as "criminalizing harm to a fetus during an attack on the mother" (an abortion issue) and "At every chance, she voted to cut the amount of the tax reductions Bush proposed." Now, at least, we know Ms. Clinton's crime: she is a Democrat. But this raises a question: if the co-author Morris is so opposed to Democratic political views, why did he serve as political consultant to Bill Clinton for 20 years?"

Tags:terrorist, September, New, York, election, Yale

Abstract
This thesis argues that Holocaust denial is simply the craving for another Holocaust. It is a craving that basically pursues its objective via different tactics. The author feels that by erasing memory and employing moral relativism, combined with the same anti-Semitic caricatures that led to the Holocaust, holocaust denial institutes a certain social and political mind-set which, in turn, can facilitate the possibility of yet another Holocaust. In order to understand what Holocaust denial is about, it is mandatory to understand what the Holocaust was and why it came about. This essay examines both the Holocaust and the phenomenon of subsequent efforts to deny its historical reality.

Abstract
The paper discusses how racial profiling can affect the way people expect that person to act, the way his or her actions are taken by others, and the way that person sees him or herself portrayed. The paper further examines how the media is responsible for disseminating racial stereotypes, and how the media and entertainment can also help to combat racial stereotyping by forcing people to look at caricatures of themselves to promote discussion. The paper analyzes how the film "Crash" is an example of this, exploring racism from all angles in such a blatant way that it could not help but spark discussion. The paper concludes that while racism may not be as blatant as it was before the Civil Rights Movement it still has a presence in today's society.

Table of Contents:
What does Stereotyping do to Minorities?
Racial Stereotyping in the Media
What Does Racism do to Minorities?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Racial stereotyping can have many negative affects on an individual. The effects can come in the form of the way people expect that person to act, the way his or her actions are taken by others, and the way that person sees him or herself portrayed. And these stereotypes can have many damaging consequences."

Tags:U.S., Employment, Opportunity, Commission, Fair, Housing, Act, African, American, civil, rights

Abstract
This paper discusses the transformation of the novel "Uncle Tom?s Cabin", by Harriet Beecher Stowe into a cultural icon. It looks at how the creation and recreation of the text by its readers, adapters and its foremost opponents, helped to polarize the abolitionist debate. The paper suggests that the responses to and adaptations of the text of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" provided a means by which the novel assumed a principal role in American culture through various media--the theater, film, posters, paintings, follow-on writings, essays and press coverage. Finally, the paper suggests that the articulation and reconstruction of the text by its readers brought on a range of social and political meanings and results.

Background: The Origins of a Living Document
Introduction
North and South Polarized
Critics Respond
The Abolitionist Debates
The Tom Caricature
The Greatest Impact

From the Paper
"In what way did this text change the traditional relationship between reader and the novel? The reader became the author, interpreter, director, actor, witness and part and parcel of the story. The story, instead of being about life, became life, and life in turn became its own version of the story. In this context of slavery, religion, melodrama, and family crisis, Uncle Tom's Cabin can be viewed as a cultural pattern instead of an isolated work. Almost as soon as it was published as a novel, Stowe's story was adapted for the American stage; from 1852 until well into the twentieth century, adaptations of Uncle Tom's Cabin were among the most popular productions that a theater company could stage. Stowe, however, never condoned nor participated in developing the productions, nor did she earn any money from these adaptations."

Tags:slavery, religion, melodrama, family, crisis, theater, George, Aiken, Eva, Topsy, Uncle, Tom, Augustine, St., Clare, abolitionists

Abstract
The "American" public has always had an interest in the lives of Native Americans. During the early 1800, this curiosity blossomed in a fascination. The paper shows that unfortunately, most Americans were content to relegate all Native Americans into this caricature of the "noble savage", dehumanizing them, and few settlers sought to understand the culture of the Natives whose land they were occupying. Fortunately two nineteenth century artists, Edward Sheriff Curtis and George Catlin did not share the same view. This paper discusses how these men dedicated their lives to the study and preservation of Native American tribal culture for posterity by creating imagery based on the Native American people. Although their methodology, content, and style were dissimilar, (Curtis used the camera and Catlin worked with oil paint), their goal was the same, to capture and record the essence of America's indigenous people through art.

From the Paper
"Countless numbers around the globe have benefited from the information gathered during the 1800's by Edward S. Curtis and George Catlin.
Without these records many of the customs and heritage that we know of as "Native American" might be lost today.
It is easy to be critical of Catlin's paintings when judging it against the realism of Curtis' photographs, but the goals of the two men were the same. The sincerity, accuracy, and honesty of the collections that were compiled by the ethnographists transcend their work from the category of mere art to the palate of life."

Tags:Indians, Apache, Navajo, photography

Abstract
This paper reviews the film "What Women Want" and in particular looks at why society imparts so many gender roles on men and women. It examines how the film is not a film about an attractive throwback to the Stone Age, but how it certainly portrays what a large group of men still believe about women, even today when there is supposed to be more "equality" between the sexes. It evaluates how Mel Gibson's over the top caricature of the hopelessly chauvinistic male at the beginning of the film is not actually as far-fetched as it might seem, which makes it all the more appalling. Today, many men still see women only as sex objects and even the most liberated man still believes he should head up the household and bring home the major portion of the bacon.

From the Paper
"Society looks at men and women differently, despite the advances women have made in women's rights. Women as leaders are viewed differently than men as leaders; it is that simple. In "What Women Want," Helen Hunt is viewed with skepticism, especially by Mel Gibson, when she first takes over the leadership role in the agency. The old adage "she slept her way to the top" is often the only way men can justify a woman's rise to prominence in business or government. Men simply do not want to admit that a mere woman might be more talented or qualified than they are, and so must make up personal reasons for professional results. This is not that unusual either, and the statistics of women who serve at the head of major corporations bears this out. There are far fewer women in positions of importance in large companies than men, the percentage is somewhere in the teens, rather than the sixties or even seventies."

Tags:men, society, chauvinist, equality