Abstract
This six-page undergraduate paper discusses the work of Honore Daumier, the French caricaturist and lithographer who shot to fame in the 19th century with his satirical caricatures. The artist is known for his caricatures that ridiculed the political figures and highlighted the social injustices prevailing in France during his time.

Abstract
Women have always had to battle views that they are not significant members of society and should stay at home. In some cases, women have taken great strides forward towards equality and status. Oftentimes, however, women lose these battles and become inferior again. The position of women in Islamic society is a complex and frequently misunderstood issue. This paper argues that it is certainly true that Muslim and Western views of the role of women show sharp cultural differences, but the stereotype of Muslim women as uneducated, with no rights and with no opportunities is a caricature born of ignorance or malevolence.

From the Paper
"The Muslim woman does not feel the pressures to be beautiful or attractive, which is so apparent in the Western cultures. She does not have to live up to expectations of what is desirable and what is not. Superficial beauty is not the Muslim woman's concern; her main goal is inner spiritual beauty. She does not have to use her body and charms to get recognition or acceptance in society. It is very different from the cruel methods that other societies subject women, in that their worth is always judged by their physical appearance. There are numerous examples of discrimination at the workplace where women are either accepted or rejected, because of their attractiveness and sex appeal. (MWL)".

Tags:Quran, sex, society, Allah, segregation

Abstract
This paper examines the prevalent themes and images in various novels written by O'Connor, including "A Good Man is Hard to Find." and "Everything that Rises Must Converge." This paper discusses the author's practice of injecting allusions of religion, salvation and damnation into most of her works. The writer contends that these specific interests arose from the author's own impending illness and death as well as her deeply-held religious convictions. This paper analyzes O'Connor's works, which are strife with images of horrific violence and suffering, in which otherwise unsympathetic, even caricature-like, individuals face death and in so doing are freed to discover for themselves the meaning of life. This paper also details the many recurrent themes in O'Conner's works, including: Disfigurement, shallowness, pettiness, naivete, hypocrisy and overall meanness of character, all woven into a dark comedy. O'Connor was an intensely religious Catholic who used her gruesome fiction to explore the meaning of profound suffering and death and the way in which it could be used as a vehicle for grace and salvation.

From the Paper
"O'Connor admits the importance of the death bed herself, in an essay in which she discusses "A Good Man is Hard to Find": "The heroine of the story, the Grandmother, is in the most significant position life offers the Christian. She is facing death." At the moment at which one faces death, on has the opportunity of sainthood. In "Everything that Rises must Converge," the role of martyrdom is hinted at as the boy prepares to walk with his mother and describes himself mentally as a mad man inn pursuir of "Saint Sebastian... waiting for the arrows to being piercing him." Sebastian survives being shot by arrows, and so the narrator will survive being shot at by arrows and will gain experience and even possibly sainthood. Sacrificing and expecting death any moment are, after all, how the author managed to write."

Tags:english, literature, analysis, review, theme, death, religion

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the culture surrounding political cartoons.
There are two basic components to a political cartoon: caricature and allusion. This paper also discusses the work of Tom Nast, one of the well known caricaturists during the American Civil War, focusing primarily on Abraham Lincoln.

From the Paper
"Abraham Lincoln became the 16th President of the United States from the year 1861 until the end of his term 1865. Before Lincoln became a president, he quitted in politics but then he re-appeared when he strongly disagreed with the policy of slavery headed by Stephen A. Douglas, this policy was known as the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Soon, because of his sentiments he joined the Republican Party. When Douglas run for senatorial candidate, the Republican Party voted for Abraham Lincoln as the opponent of Douglas. During that election, Lincoln challenged Douglas for a debate regarding slavery, which he has strongly against it because he believed in democracy and human rights. In no time, Lincoln gained the support of the majority because of his influential speech in New York City. And in no time, he became the President of the United States. "

Tags:Lincoln, debate, president, campaigns, comic, representation

Abstract
This paper examines how the Elizabethan dramatists Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare were contemporaries and how, for the latter part of Marlowe's dramatic career, they were rivals as well. It looks at how Marlowe's career as a playwright was cruelly cut short after the author was murdered in a tavern brawl, probably the result of his political intrigues. The paper shows that regardless of the reasons for Marlowe's untimely demise, the difference between the older Marlowe and the young Shakespeare had already become manifest in the characterization of the main protagonists of the two men's plays. It explores how Marlowe clearly influenced Shakespeare's early writings and how, while Marlowe used broad character brushstrokes to create a vivid narrative and caricature of human character and morality, Shakespeare created a new way of dramatically rendering the human character in shades of gray. In particular, it examines how both men used similar themes, such as the presence of "Jewish" values in a money-grubbing 'Christian' society.

From the Paper
"All of Marlowe's protagonists are larger than life, from Barabas to Faustus and lastly to Tamburlaine, in the scope of their desires. They are both sustained and destroyed by their respective evils. Barabas' poisoning reflects the Jewish dietary laws that Shylock merely tacitly refers to, "I will not eat with you," in Act I of "The Merchant of Venice." Faustus is destroyed by his love of knowledge and power, just as Tamburlaine is destroyed by his desire to conquer the world. All of these men stand outside of their societies, and reflect what is wrong with their societies an over emphasis on money, scholasticism, and power respectively."

Tags:jew, shylock, barabas, faustus

Abstract
Beth Henley's plays "Crimes of the Heart" and "Miss Firecracker" both very much reveal the theme of how humor can camouflage human suffering and tragedy. "Crimes of the Heart" examines the plight of three young women who are betrayed by their passions. Each woman suffers a certain tragedy in her own life, which is directly related to a certain form of mental sickness, yet at the same time a certain humorous angle exists in that life. The same can be said about "Miss Firecracker," as the main actor appears to be a humorous caricature of her very self.

Abstract
The "American" public has always had an interest in the lives of Native Americans. During the early 1800, this curiosity blossomed in a fascination. The paper shows that unfortunately, most Americans were content to relegate all Native Americans into this caricature of the "noble savage", dehumanizing them, and few settlers sought to understand the culture of the Natives whose land they were occupying. Fortunately two nineteenth century artists, Edward Sheriff Curtis and George Catlin did not share the same view. This paper discusses how these men dedicated their lives to the study and preservation of Native American tribal culture for posterity by creating imagery based on the Native American people. Although their methodology, content, and style were dissimilar, (Curtis used the camera and Catlin worked with oil paint), their goal was the same, to capture and record the essence of America's indigenous people through art.

From the Paper
"Countless numbers around the globe have benefited from the information gathered during the 1800's by Edward S. Curtis and George Catlin.
Without these records many of the customs and heritage that we know of as "Native American" might be lost today.
It is easy to be critical of Catlin's paintings when judging it against the realism of Curtis' photographs, but the goals of the two men were the same. The sincerity, accuracy, and honesty of the collections that were compiled by the ethnographists transcend their work from the category of mere art to the palate of life."

Tags:Indians, Apache, Navajo, photography

Abstract
This paper reviews the film "What Women Want" and in particular looks at why society imparts so many gender roles on men and women. It examines how the film is not a film about an attractive throwback to the Stone Age, but how it certainly portrays what a large group of men still believe about women, even today when there is supposed to be more "equality" between the sexes. It evaluates how Mel Gibson's over the top caricature of the hopelessly chauvinistic male at the beginning of the film is not actually as far-fetched as it might seem, which makes it all the more appalling. Today, many men still see women only as sex objects and even the most liberated man still believes he should head up the household and bring home the major portion of the bacon.

From the Paper
"Society looks at men and women differently, despite the advances women have made in women's rights. Women as leaders are viewed differently than men as leaders; it is that simple. In "What Women Want," Helen Hunt is viewed with skepticism, especially by Mel Gibson, when she first takes over the leadership role in the agency. The old adage "she slept her way to the top" is often the only way men can justify a woman's rise to prominence in business or government. Men simply do not want to admit that a mere woman might be more talented or qualified than they are, and so must make up personal reasons for professional results. This is not that unusual either, and the statistics of women who serve at the head of major corporations bears this out. There are far fewer women in positions of importance in large companies than men, the percentage is somewhere in the teens, rather than the sixties or even seventies."

Tags:men, society, chauvinist, equality

Abstract
This paper discusses the transformation of the novel "Uncle Tom?s Cabin", by Harriet Beecher Stowe into a cultural icon. It looks at how the creation and recreation of the text by its readers, adapters and its foremost opponents, helped to polarize the abolitionist debate. The paper suggests that the responses to and adaptations of the text of "Uncle Tom's Cabin" provided a means by which the novel assumed a principal role in American culture through various media--the theater, film, posters, paintings, follow-on writings, essays and press coverage. Finally, the paper suggests that the articulation and reconstruction of the text by its readers brought on a range of social and political meanings and results.

Background: The Origins of a Living Document
Introduction
North and South Polarized
Critics Respond
The Abolitionist Debates
The Tom Caricature
The Greatest Impact

From the Paper
"In what way did this text change the traditional relationship between reader and the novel? The reader became the author, interpreter, director, actor, witness and part and parcel of the story. The story, instead of being about life, became life, and life in turn became its own version of the story. In this context of slavery, religion, melodrama, and family crisis, Uncle Tom's Cabin can be viewed as a cultural pattern instead of an isolated work. Almost as soon as it was published as a novel, Stowe's story was adapted for the American stage; from 1852 until well into the twentieth century, adaptations of Uncle Tom's Cabin were among the most popular productions that a theater company could stage. Stowe, however, never condoned nor participated in developing the productions, nor did she earn any money from these adaptations."

Tags:slavery, religion, melodrama, family, crisis, theater, George, Aiken, Eva, Topsy, Uncle, Tom, Augustine, St., Clare, abolitionists

Abstract
This paper discusses the attitude towards women in the Middle ages. It shows that women were considered to be inferior to men and that they were also believed to be the cause of the humanity's downfall. Much of this caricature of women was rooted in the Church's attempt to control the human body. More than anything else, this effort was founded on a deep discomfort that the Church felt with sexuality.