Abstract
This paper focuses on the care-giver burden of a patient who cannot afford to be taken care of because of lack of insurance or lack of funds in general. In the paper, care-giver burden is addressed using several articles concerning care-giver burden and three theorists; Martha E. Rogers, Imogene King, and Dorothy E. Johnson. Specifically, the approaches to this problem of the three theorists are discussed and a look at ways to use these approaches, the implications of these approaches, and their benefits are described.

Outline:
Client Concern
Three Approaches to the Concern
Ways that Approaches are Congruent
Ways of Using These Approaches in Practice
Implications for Using these Approaches in Practice
Three Benefits Gained from Using Nursing Models

From the Paper
"King's theory lies in the clients' perception of self. This perception ranges from their body image to their own growth and development before and after surgery or during care-giver visits. As such, the crux of King's theory is that of communication. Her theory subsists of human beings as, "...open systems interacting with the environment" (Williams, Imogene King's Interacting Systems Theory, 2001). Throughout the relationship of nurses and clients communication is the key to better health. This occurs through the patient forming several relationships with different people around them; these include personal systems, interpersonal systems, and social systems. Thus, King's ultimate goal stated in the theory is goal attainment."

Tags:Martha, E., Rogers, Imogene, King, Dorothy, E., Johnson, nursing, clients, communication

Abstract
This paper analyzes various articles available on the use of restraints in patient care and examines the validity of the reasons provided for use by critiquing the values presented through the arguments strength and weaknesses.

Abstract
This paper examines the issue of how day care settings affect a child?s development has been studied by many child experts and psychologists. It looks at how diverse factors, such as the amount of time a child stays at day care, the behavioral tendencies of a child, the child?s bonding with his parents, and the social and environment adaptation capability of a child, are being used as measures in examining whether or not day care causes negative effects to children. Research and studies on the effects of long-term day care still need to consider factors, such as the hereditary genes and the natural behavior of a child. Such factors, if applied, may provide more reliable results in determining whether negative behaviors of a child are actually caused by his long-term attendance in day care.

From the Paper
"The emotional and psychological aspects of children are the critical issues in the effects of daycare, especially on those who attended long-term daycare at an age earlier than 5. Researches have shown that these factors in a child's development are weakened by lack of attachment and bonding from a primary environment that must consists of parents and family. The article Daycare describes two studies conducted by Janice Wallerstien (1995) and Karl Zinmeister (1998). Both studies indicate that even daycares with high quality of service are unable to provide the necessary attachment needed by a child in his childhood."

Tags:genes, parents, bond, environment, care, giver

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to critique a research paper in depth and in order to do this the author will be looking at different aspects of the research paper. The paper relates that currently, care dependencies have become a very common topic in nursing literature and there have been many different studies that have been undertaken in the industrialized world especially in the Nordic countries. Therefore, the main concept and the aim of this paper is to analyze the meaning of care dependency that would be common to both the giver and the receiver and would reduce the amount of confusion that is currently being experienced in the area.

From the Paper
"The objective of this paper is to critique a research paper in depth and in order to do this the author will be looking at different aspects of the research paper. Currently care dependencies have become a very common topic in nursing literature and there have been many different studies that have been undertaken in the industrialized world especially in the Nordic countries. Therefore the main concept and the aim of this paper was to analyze the meaning of care dependency that would be common both the giver and the..."

Tags:care, dependency, critique

Abstract
This paper discusses how common the phenomenon of day care is for children in the Western world and stresses the importance of good quality day care. The writer examines different factors which determine what are indicators of quality day care - cleanliness, hygiene, nutritious food, high care-giver / child ratio, warmth and safety.

From the Paper
"Some form of day care has become almost universal in our society. America is a nation of working parents whose children require the care of others while their mothers and fathers are away at their jobs. Some people are lucky - they have close relatives, or trusted friends, who can watch their children. Others have family-conscious employers who provide on-site childcare. Most however, must look to the private-sector world of professional day care. There are a bewildering array of options available, some of them good, and some of them bad. Day care centers run the gamut from clean and child-friendly establishments staffed by well-trained childcare experts, to low-budget operations run purely for the "easy money" that they provide. The media is filled with stories of abusive caregivers, of squawking babies, and children running wild. We hear often of the permanent damage that such "care" produces. But this is only one side of the story: good day care can provide lifelong benefits. Conscientious caregivers can mold impressionable young minds, awaken intellectual curiosity, and provide the foundations of good character. Day care can be a wonderful and very positive factor in a child's life."

Tags:care-giver, children, safety, education

Abstract
In this essay, the writer notes that the empowerment of nursing is a role or function that can only be addressed by deconstructing the daily lives of nurses. The writer points out that the relationship between nurse and client is a front line relationship - the nurse is the primary care giver and the first medical person the client sees. The writer reviews different articles that take the profession of nursing and show how the need for interdependent relationships between nurse and nurse and nurse and client are imperative to attaining empowerment and powerful relationships. The writer maintains that education is the key to empowerment and building powerful relationships, as the more well-rounded a nurse is the better the nurse-client relationship and the nurse-nurse relationship. The writer concludes that the interdependent relationship of the nurse needing the patient and the patient needing the nurse is fundamental in the industry.

Outline:
Introduction
Article Analysis
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The article concludes that patient advocacy is a major issue in current nursing situations. More and more nursing are finding power in stepping forward in what they consider to be the best interest of the patient - sometimes this is just making sure that the patient's wishes are being listened to and respected by the medical staff. The authors believe that true patient advocacy can only be realized when al 3 attributes listed above is present. Empowerment, power and powerlessness are the crux of nurse-patient relationships. The interdependent relationship between the three creates a shared balance of power between client and nurse and nurse and other medical staff."

Tags:care, giver, role, treatment

Abstract
This paper discusses what it means to be a care giver to the elderly or the functionally and/or cognitively impaired. According to this paper, care givers need to be available at times when day centres are not in operation.

From the Paper
"Care giving is a term that encompasses a broad range of activities. Care giving is a term often applied to taking care of the elderly. If you were a caregiver, what would be the three most important services/resources your use and why? As a caregiver I would like to have different types of services or resources available. These resources make a difference in care giving. Some of these services are: Adult Day Services Adult day services are community-based group programs designed to meet the needs of functionally and/or cognitively impaired adults through an individual plan of care. These structured, comprehensive programs provide a variety of health, social, and other related support services in a protective setting during any part of a day, but less than 24-hour care. Adult day centers generally operate programs during normal business hours five days a week."

Tags:caregivers, elderly, death

Abstract
The paper discusses how the empowerment of nursing is a role or function that can only be addressed by deconstructing the daily lives of nurses. The paper explains that the relationship between and nurse and client is a front line relationship-the nurse is the primary care giver and the first medical person the client sees. The paper describes how nurses provide a first impression and set the demeanor of the client's medical experience and the authoritative persona of the nurse either enhances the medical experience or turns it into a negative experience.

From the Paper
"The empowerment of nursing is a role or function that can only be addressed by deconstructing the daily lives of nurses. The relationship between and nurse and client is a front line relationship--the nurse is the primary care giver and the first medical person the client sees. Nurses provide a first impression and set the demeanor of the client's medical experience. The authoritative persona of the nurse either enhances the medical experience or turns it into a negative experience."

Tags:empowerment, education, diversity

Abstract
This paper investigates the abuse of the frail elderly by family care givers. The objectives of the proposed research study were to gain insights into factors implicated in the development and perpetuation of such abuse, identify those causal factors that may be amenable to intervention, and recommend policies and programs, where applicable, to reduce the incidence of such abuse.

From the Paper
"The increasing awareness that some elderly persons are physically abused and neglected by family members has been accompanied by a widespread assumption about elder abuse: that it is inflicted by well meaning individuals, often the adult children of victims, who are pushed over the edge by the stress of caring for a frail, dependent old person. According to Pillemer & Finkelhor (1989), the falsity of that assumption was revealed by findings that relatively well-functioning elderly people were found to usually be the victims of abuse, which is often inflicted by emotionally disturbed or violent family members. A typical abuser was found to be a person who depends on the victim for money, transportation, housing and household repairs. Elderly victims were no more disabled or dependent on their abusers than were comparison subjects on their relatives. Abusers, however, were much more likely than relatives in the comparison group to have been arrested, hospitalized for a psychiatric disorder, involved in violent behavior outside the family, or limited by a physical problem (Pillemer & Finkelhor, 1989). The generalizations of these findings has been challenged by more recent studies (Saad, Hartman, Kurian, Graham, Wilcock, & Ballard, 1995)."

Tags:psychiatric, hospital, disable

Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between Sara Smolinsky and her father in Anzia Yezierska's novel "Bread Givers". The paper relates the traditional views of the family structure in the Jewish home and illustrates how in this book, the actions of the father are themed after an intense culture clash of tradition against progress. The paper discusses how Sara's father would have been best represented as a sympathetic character if the history of his upbringing had been focused upon with more detail. The paper contends that the book is biased in its writing style and point of view by being exclusive to anything but Sara's struggle and her fight for independence and identity. The paper points out, however, that if the father figure were more caring, less degrading and controlling then Sara would not have been the dynamic character Yezierska had intended.

From the Paper
"Sara's father in the novel is the epitome of the over-bearing father. He insists on marrying her three sisters off, not to men whom have shown keen interest in them, but to suitors that he alone has chosen. In this fashion he controls his family, his family's affairs, and through this action makes it clear that he is the alpha male. The patriarchy presented in the novel is of great consequence to the actions of Sara. She wants to be rid of the old way of life and become Americanized, but the father, despite Sara coming back after finishing school and earning a degree only complains, "She's only good to the world, not to her father. Will she hand me her wages from school as a dutiful daughter should?" Thus, there is no reconciliation found in the novel between daughter and father, and this is the theme throughout the entire novel."

Tags:shtetl, tradition, progress, father, daughter, independence, identity, Judaism