Abstract
This paper incorporates various issues in Canadian politics, addressing such topics as multiculturalism, gender equity, non-white feminism, dysfunctional racism in the academy, aboriginal self government and land claims, aboriginal justice, and related matters. The paper further explains and introduces how research was done reflexively, speaking to individuals to obtain understandings other than what appeared in publications.

From the Paper
"This paper discusses some of the most controversial issues of Canadian politics as discussed in the academic and activist communities towards a few unexpected twists and details. Commencing from a provided list of five questions, each topic and the fitting together of an essay proved very interesting tasks. They remind of Canadian polity that is sprinkled across a vast country of distinct regions, of a population from very different origins, and of problems of may continue to be debated, in some cases, a century from now. On every issue, effort was made to collect personal ..."

Tags:diversity, women, Aboriginal

Abstract
This paper is an historical assessment of Canadian politics. The paper evaluates the differences between 19th Century Conservatism and late 20th Century Neo-Conservatism in Canadian political history, and describes these differences in relation to Canadian business and economics.

Abstract
This paper explains that Canada has a long history of political dissension, which is important to the function of the parliament and the provincial legislatures because this system is dependant on the loyalty of one party's colleagues to stand behind them while the other party provides appropriate criticism. The author points out that, while most times a Canadian citizen's choice of party affiliation stems from a commonality of ideals and principles, it also can be based on nothing more than family tradition. The paper relates that, in Canada, the political scene is constantly evolving; in recent years, decentralization has been on the rise, the federal government has abdicated many of its powers to the provinces and the traditional three-party system has splintered off into various other factions.

From the Paper
"While Box's emphasis is on individualism, Canadians seek more explicit acknowledgment of the importance and influence of social organization, expressed in the concept of community, as both driving and restraining individuals' behavior. After all, individuals live in communities that are real in a physical sense, as members of a social group living in and identifying with a locality. However, these communities are also real in a social sense, as members of social groups with common cultural characteristics such as shared beliefs and values. Additionally, they are solidified in an economic sense, as in a group's common ownership of economic resources or participation in economic endeavor."

Tags:community, dissension, decentralization, socialism, regions

Abstract
This paper examines the role of interest groups and political parties in the Canadian political process. It identifies their roles and compares and contrasts them.

Abstract
This paper reviews Gad Horowitz's book, Canadian Labour in Politics, focusing specifically on the argument Horowitz makes concerning why labor plays a critical role in Canadian politics, but not in U.S. politics. It reviews the argument Horowitz makes concerning Louis Hartz's view of liberal societies. It considers Horowitz's claim that labor is important because Canadian society evolved out of a tradition wherein government is seen -- even by conservatives -- as having an important role to play. It looks at the impact Horowitz's argument has had on politicians and academics.

From the Paper
"In his book Canadian Labour in Politics, Gad Horowitz, provides an analysis of the labor movement's influence on Canadian political life. He discusses the means by which Canada's labor unions have entered the political system as a vital and enduring force -- a force that does not stand outside politics as merely another interest group attempting to gain notice, but as an integrated party crucial to the very political fabric of the society. His work in this book is seminal to the understanding of cultural and social forces that allow labor to be a primary driver of the nation's politics."

Tags:labor, tory, politics

Abstract
This paper reviews the enormous strides that have been made by Canadian women in recent decades. It discusses how since the 1970s, the number of women attending graduate school, entering the professions and involving themselves in the political process has climbed steadily. The paper then examines how far women have come and whether or not more needs to be done to adequately represent females at the highest reaches of public policy.

Tags:canada, politics, women

Abstract
This paper addresses the question of women's participation in Canadian politics. Initially, the composition of the current House of Commons and Cabinet is considered. Brief biographies of Grace MacInnis and Therese F Casgrain illustrate the challenges that early female politicians faced in 'a man's world'. Finally, future trends and developments as well as measures to increase the participation of women in politics are examined.

Abstract
This paper asks whether the office of the Canadian Prime Minister is a behemoth that should be dismantled before one or another occupant of it becomes a megalomaniac. The paper questions if Canada's Prime Minister, the office and/or the person filling it, is more powerful than is good or wise for Canada's future.

From the Paper
"One might argue that Canada would want to avoid emulating anything U.S, at this precarious juncture in U.S. history especially, and as the power of the U.S. presidency is also being weighed by pundits from all ends of the political spectrum. Laxer noted "modern technologies and the liberal ethos of the free market dissolved Canada's distinctive culture. Grant predicted Canada's demise in the long run because it had adopted American values" (2000, p. 55). It is arguable that the office of the Prime Minister creates, for Canada, an atmosphere that emulates that of the United States. It is arguable that, if Canada wishes to continue a strong federal system that serves all its citizens, the office of the Prime Minister is indeed too powerful."

Tags:office, powerful, politics

Abstract
This paper discusses that Canadian workers affected by industrialization are the long-term unemployed, the unemployed after downsizing who are re-employed in the long-term, and the survivors who remain employed in industries that are undergoing restructuring at different intensities. Next, the paper relates that deindustrialization is due to factors internal to advanced economies and to shifts in the demand patterns of service and manufacturing industries. Furthermore, the author indicates that north-south trade has contributed to deindustrialization through the stimulation of labor productivity in the advanced economy manufacturing sectors in response to the competition of cheaper imports from developing economies.

Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"While deindustrialization is not only due to north-south trade, this trade has affected the demand for some types of labor. Rowthorn and Ramaswamy state that there are two primary channels that competition from low-wage producers can utilize and that affects employment in manufacturing in northern countries:
(1) Via its impact on total manufacturing output in the north;
(2) Through its impact on labor productivity."

Tags:deindustrialization, industrial legalism, manufacturing specialization direct investment

Abstract
This paper explains that the attitude of Canadian public, which expects its government to solve its problems, grew out of the need to re-integrate soldiers after WWI and to deal with the ills of the Great Depression. The author points out that this attitude resulted in the state now having an enormous involvement in matters such as health care, unemployment insurance and social welfare benefits. The paper relates that the history of Canada since 1867 has been a process of steadily securing more and more sovereignty and power; however, new forces, chiefly globalization, are now at work and raise the specter that Canada could see its domestic writ subordinated to the writ of trade agreements, such as NAFTA. The author reports that land and governance issues appear to be the paramount concerns of the Canadian aboriginal people.

Table of Content
Changes in State since its Founding
Relationship between State and Society
Citizens' Trust in Government
Challenges to Canada's Sovereignty
Democratic Deficit
The Traditional Canada Political Culture
Traditional Functions of Canadian Political Parties
The Power of the Prime Minister
Canadian Elections
Canada's Constitution
The Parliament
Public Opinion Polling and the Media
The Role of Regionalism
Quebec and Federal-Provincial Relations
Canada's Aboriginal People
The Diminishment of the Welfare State
Influence of Big Business on Politics

From the Paper
"Most evidently, Quebec changed federal-provincial relations in the 1960s when it began to opt out of the conditions attached to federal grants, established its own pension plan, and argued for a larger voice for itself internationally. In that regard, the decision to give Quebec control over social programs has understandably made it easier for other provinces to demand the same thing. ... it is clear that other provinces are sufficiently compelled to argue for rights of their own, too. So, basically, the Canadian response to Quebec nationalism or to the new Francophone "consciousness" of the 1960s has been to give Quebec exceptional status and powers."

Tags:leader, quebec, alienation, voting, justices, minority