Abstract
In recent months, the furor over the release of Karla Homolka has sparked heated debate and calls for a review of the Canadian justice system. The following paper examines three contentious areas of the Canadian legal system that seem in desperate need of a reassessment. The first of these revolves around the growing perception that the Canadian judiciary is arrogant, perhaps even irresponsible, and simply unresponsive to the concerns of ordinary Canadians. The second area revolves around the treatment of aboriginal peoples within the Canadian justice system and the third and last area revolves around the difficulty that Canadian law-makers and justices are having in reconciling the somewhat amorphous multiculturalism they embrace in theory with the fundamental liberal democratic tenets that under-gird the Canadian justice system.

Tags:canadian, justice, system

Abstract
This paper explores the history of the juvenile justice system, dating back to the 1820s and until the present. The juvenile justice system in dealing with juvenile offenders has cyclically gone from a rehabilitative approach to a punitive approach a number of times since its inception. The writer of this paper contends that in certain cases juvenile criminals should be treated differently than adults who commit the same crimes and supports this claim by detailing eight possible justifications. One justification is that adults are responsible for their acts, whereas juveniles are not. Another justification is that juveniles are more pliable than adults and respond better to treatment and rehabilitation.
This paper also details various research which examines the history of the juvenile justice system from 1820 which found that when juvenile crime is determined to be high, the justice system responds with severe punishments and few rehabilitative approaches. This paper also discusses the current approach to the juvenile justice system and questions its effectiveness in dealing with juvenile offenders.

From the Paper
"What the models or approaches have neglected up to this point is the importance of the victim and the community, accountability of the offender, and competency development. So far there has been the debate between punishment versus treatment as options, but both have negative side effects and essentially ignore everything else. The need for retribution may be satisfied by punishment, but the offender can be negatively affected. Punishment can undermine self-restraint, stigmatizes the offender and creates problems of adjustment, which encourages delinquency, to name a couple, but it also encourages offenders to focus on themselves, not the victim and their responsibility."

Tags:youth, crime, law, legal, justice, system, court, rights

Abstract
The paper examines the criminal justice system in a top down fashion beginning with the Supreme Court and its emphasis on broad legal issues such as the death penalty. Then the paper examines federal and state courts from the perspective of actually implementing the legal precedents established by the Supreme Court. Finally, the role of the police and law enforcement within the criminal justice system is discussed.

From the Paper
"This document discusses the theoretical purpose and structure of the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system is examined in a top down fashion beginning with the Supreme Court and its emphasis on broad legal issues such as the death penalty. Then the federal and state courts are examined from the perspective of actually implementing the legal precedents established by the Supreme Court. Finally, the role of the police and law enforcement within the criminal justice system is discussed."

Tags:criminal, justice, system

Abstract
The paper contends that any solution that hopes to revise the American criminal justice system must address five issues. The paper details these issues: A lack of racial parity in criminal justice, a lack of socio-economic parity, overcrowding in the courts, overcrowding in the prisons and the rehabilitation of the thousands of prisoners when they are released.

From the Paper
"That the criminal justice system in the United States is biased is beyond dispute. Statistics abound that all confirm the same thing; if you are white and wealthy in the US, the odds that you will end up in jail are remarkably slim. Felony convictions send a disproportionately high number of African American and Hispanic men to prison, while their Caucasian counterparts remain free. The reasons behind this phenomenon are many - too many to be listed in this brief overview."

Tags:criminal justice system, crime and punishment, recidivism, racial profiling, selective policing

Abstract
This brief paper discusses the criminal justice system. The system is described and its major components are delineated. Specific types of crime are also discussed.

From the Paper
"Simply put, a crime is a violation of criminal laws. Criminal behavior is handled through the criminal justice system which consists of those structures and processes associated with the enforcement of the criminal law, by which crime is investigated, arrests are made, evidence is gathered, charges are brought, defenses are offered, trials are conducted, sentences are rendered and punishment is carried out, The above processes can be divided, according to Neubauer, into..."

Tags:crime, criminal justice system, cyber crime, organized crime, conventional crime, economic crime

Abstract
This paper analyzes the criminal justice system prevailing in U.S. It discusses both point of views, i.e. punishment and rehabilitation, mainly focusing on rehabilitation programs.

Tags:SOCIOLOGY / CRIMINAL JUSTICE, SOCIAL WELFARE, criminal justice system

Abstract
This paper looks at the problems in the youth criminal justice system. It discusses the lack of representation in court, lack of adequate facilities, lack of adequate programs in facilities (particularly education and special education), lack of adequate staffing, and sentencing juveniles as adults.

From the Paper
"The purpose was that youthful offenders could be rehabilitated before they became lifelong criminals. Today there are still separate justice systems for adults and juveniles in state and federal systems but the juvenile system is not equipped for the shift to increasingly violent crime among juveniles. Recently a Michigan case involved a juvenile convicted of second-degree murder he committed when ..."

Tags:criminal justice system, youth, adult

Abstract
This paper analyzes whether Black people are mistreated by the criminal justice system in Canada and if they face discrimination from both the police and the courts. It discusses the failure of the criminal justice system to provide appropriate services to people of minority groups. The paper specifically looks at the over-representation of black people in the criminal justice system. It then attempts to analyze some of the reasons how and why Black citizens are targeted by the criminal justice system.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background on Black Over-representation in the Criminal Justice System
Possible Reasons Behind The Black Over-representation Trend
Arguments Against Criminal Justice System Racial Bias
Conclusion

From the Paper
"It is difficult to know how to respond to racial prejudices in the criminal justice system, as the overrepresentation of black citizens is imbedded in socioeconomic factors which cannot be explained by discriminatory practices implicit in the criminal justice system. The most obvious solution to the problem is to have separate justice systems for people of Aboriginal descent, where most of the problems of racial discrimination in Canada lie. However, would not the existence of different courts of law for different ethnicities further encourage racial stratification in society? The solution is not an easy one, and much more research must be done on the topic before an answer is forthcoming. A number of factors must be explored before a solution is implemented, such as what the current statistics revolving around discrimination studies mean, the relationship between social and economic factors and the criminal justice system, and the impact of developing stratification between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal citizens (La Prairie, 2004, p. 277). "

Tags:ethnicities, Aboriginal, race, socioeconomic

Abstract
In this article, the writer examines whether black people are mistreated by the criminal justice system, that is, whether they face discrimination from both the police and the courts. The writer maintains that recent evidence in this regard implies that this is the case. The writer argues that the criminal justice system fails to provide a suitable service to minority groups.

From the Paper
"Racism in the criminal justice system can be seen to pertaining to a set of complex stereotypes, identifications, institutionalized racist attitudes, social disadvantages and erroneous cross-racial classification. It is represented by the failure of the criminal justice system to provide appropriate service to people of minority groups. In Canada, over representation of black people - particularly Aboriginal people - has been a dominant issue for the criminal justice system over the last twenty years."

Tags:racial, discrimination, justice

Abstract
With the World Economic Forum having ranked the Canadian banking system as the healthiest in the world, the contrast with the ailing U.S. banking system is painfully obvious. This paper will examine the ideological influences that shaped the regulation of the Canadian banking system, in particular contrast to the banking system of the United States, and hypothesize that Canada's greater sensitivity to crisis-a characteristic of small, close-knit nations-explains the ideological course of its banking history.

From the Paper
Ideological Influences on the Canadian Banking System 1. Introduction: The Historical Context With the World Economic Forum having ranked the Canadian banking system as the healthiest in the world, the contrast with the ailing U.S. banking system is painfully obvious. This paper will examine the ideological influences that shaped the regulation of the Canadian banking system, in particular contrast to the banking system of the United States, and hypothesize that Canada's greater sensitivity to crisis--a characteristic of small, close-knit nations--explains the ideological course of its banking history.

Tags:canadian, banking, stability