Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses how Cambodian children suffer under the rule of the Khmer Rouge. According to the paper, education in Cambodia still suffers from the bloody political regimes of almost 30 years ago, and while education falters, tens of thousands of children are imprisoned in the Cambodian sex slave industry and working as child laborers.

Outline:
Introduction / Hypothesis
Review of Literature
Murdering of Cambodian Teachers
Cambodian Children's Propaganda Song
Child Prostitution / Sex Slavery & Child Labor
Methods, Research Design & Analyses
Results, Discussion, Implications

From the Paper
"According to the U.S. Department of Labor report, "Incidence and Nature of Child Labor," published August 23, 2006, 44.8 percent of Cambodian children ages 5 to 14 years old were working in 2001 (notwithstanding the labor law sets the minimum age for employment at 15). The jobs held by children included agriculture (the "majority" of children work in the fields), "hazardous conditions on commercial rubber plantations, in salt production," in the fishing industry and in garbage collection. Not only are Cambodian children put into slavery for sexual services, the Labor report asserts that Cambodian children "are trafficked to Thailand and Malaysia" for sexual commercial exploitation or "bonded labor."

Tags:Pol, Pot, communism, communist, regime, blood, bath, prostitution, slavery, child, labor, education

Abstract
The paper relates that the "Cambodian genocide" refers to the executions or forced starvations of approximately 1.5 million people, between 1975 and 1979, in the country today known as Cambodia, by its Khmer Rouge government. The paper explains that under the 1948 United Nations Convention on Genocide, this slaughter is generally accepted as a "genocide" since the demographic groups targeted for extermination included "religious groups" (Buddhists, Muslims), an "ethnic or racial group" (Cambodia's Vietnamese minority), and possibly a "national" group (the urban and eastern Khmer population). The paper argues that the effects and the significance of the Cambodian genocide lie in the importance of history, as the philosopher George Santayana said: "Those who cannot remember the past, are condemned to repeat it." The paper notes that today, in Cambodia, referencing the Cambodian genocide is politically incorrect, and histories and research on the topic are discouraged. The paper contends, however, that if we do not honestly discuss genocide, and how it occurs, then we risk repeating history today and in the future.

From the Paper
"The "Cambodian genocide" refers to the executions or forced starvations of approximately 1.5 million people, between 1975 and 1979, in the country today known as Cambodia, by its Khmer Rouge government. Under the 1948 United Nations Convention on Genocide, this slaughter is generally accepted as a "genocide" since the demographic groups targeted for extermination included "religious groups" (Buddhists, Muslims), an "ethnic or racial group" (Cambodia's Vietnamese minority), and possibly a..."

Tags:cambodia, genocide, history

Abstract
This paper examines the differences in Cambodian and American culture from a sociological perspective as divided into five cultural dimensions and demonstrate examples from each one. Such examples include Cambodians' value of collectivism over independence or their more authoritarian perception of masculinity. This paper also explores the vast differences in the English and Khmeri language as well as how facial expressions, body posture, and hand signals are interpreted differently in the two cultures.

From the Paper
"Collectivism is a crucial non-verbal communication, which is faithful both to Hofstedete and to Bond's update of Hofstedete. Collectivism is perhaps the most significant form of non-verbal communication for Cambodians, and is directly related to custom and etiquette, and directly determines how Cambodians will interpret each other's behavior. There was a stark contrast in etiquette when Arun and Chakra reached this country, and they had to integrate what were highly symbolic gestures in Cambodia to seemingly unnoticed or meaningless random physical and cultural gestures in America--not cultural gestures at all, in effect."

Tags:asia, integration, sociology, multiculturalism, Khmeri

Abstract
This paper looks at how American immigration and deportation systems have affected Cambodian refugees living in the US and argues that these systems are profoundly unfair . The paper first explains that refugees from Cambodia, which was carpet-bombed by the U.S. during the Vietnam War, were not granted citizenship but rather were allowed into the U.S. only as "permanent residents". The paper then discloses the ways in which the 1996 "Anti-terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act" had implications for Cambodians living in the U.S. by making deportation mandatory for all legal permanent residents, who are or had been sentenced to a year or more for aggravated felonies, moral turpitude or using controlled substances. Also discussed are the problems faced by the Cambodians, who are Americans by experience, education, and language, when they are deported back to Cambodia.

From the Paper
"A second problem with the Act is the fact that the conviction does not need to have occurred after the Act was introduced. Convictions prior to 1996 are applied 'retrospectively'. This applies regardless of the length of time, which has passed since the conviction, and no matter how minor the offense. When we consider that men of color are more likely to be sent to prison after conviction and are often poorly represented during trial, then it is clear that the law unfairly targets immigrants from African, South American, and Asian countries."

Tags:act, permanent residents, moral turpitude, children, immigration court

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Cambodia has historically been one of the least developed countries on the Asian continent. with a look at Cambodian history, the writer discusses the transition to to housing designs in a western style. The writer concludes that Phnom Penh residents would be less attracted to western style housing due to high costs and a weak financial system, but perhaps in the future they would find it more attractive.

From the Paper
"Due to its violent history, Cambodia has only recently been relieved of guerrilla warfare, authoritarianism and mass genocide. While the Khmer Rouge were ousted from power in the 1980's, its remnants maintained a stranglehold on Cambodian government until the early 1990's. As a result of the Paris Peace Accords of 1991, Cambodia has witnessed a much more stable government. A new constitution and a parliamentary system in addition of regular elections for public officials has been the norm for governance. However, the vast improvements made to all facets of the ..."

Tags:housing, styles

Abstract
This paper examines the Khmer Rouge and its genocide of the Cambodian people and the reactions of the American public to the survivors of these atrocities. It also looks at the feelings of the United States government and people regarding genocide as a whole and explores the reasons the United States has failed to act to stop modern genocides from happening.

Abstract
This paper examines how children are affected by poverty, sex trafficking and AIDS in relation to the humanitarian relief being done to help quell these social and economic issues in Cambodia. The author uses statistic to reveal the serious problems facing children in Cambodia today caused by the war-like history of this country. The paper suggests that the decline of Khmer Rouge and the wars might enable Cambodia to recover a stable economy and to create a healthy environment for the children of this region.

From the Paper
"This international proposal presents the plight of Cambodian children through a humanitarian perspective. By divulging a recent past history of Cambodia, one can learn the desperation and destruction that seriously injured and maimed children within a war-torn country. This study will reveal how the children have undergone the terrors of poverty, sex trafficking, and a rising problem for contracting AIDS within modern Cambodia. The Vietnam War was a critical point in recent Cambodian history in the year 1970. American power placed an immense amount of pressure on King Norodo Sihanouk to stop helping the Vietnamese involved in the Communist struggles of Ho Chi Min. In this manner, Sihanouk was exiled by the communist opposition party Khmer Rouge led by General Lon Nol, to help "the growing communist opposition to American dominance in Southeast Asia" (Chandler 156)."

Tags:cambodia, humanitarian, work

Abstract
This paper explains that Pol Pot's campaign against his own people resulted in the deaths of between 700,000 and 1 million people, either as a result of execution or illness, from hunger and overwork. The author points out four main reasons why Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge came into power: (1) As a response to French colonialism at the end of World War II, (2) rivalry between Vietnamese and Chinese Communists within the party, (3) Prince Norodom Sihanouk's brutal repression and (4) U.S. economic and military destabilization of Cambodia. The paper stresses the U.S. involvement in each of these reasons.

From the Paper
"As the bombings only increased after the end of U.S. involvement in Vietnam, over 150,000 Cambodian civilians perished. Ultimately, the Cambodian civilians feared U.S. air attacks more than they feared Pol Pot and his severe tactics. Not surprisingly then, Pol Pot came into power. By April 1975, the CPK had taken over the two largest cities in Cambodia, Phnom Penh and Battambang, and defeated Lon Nol. The terror Cambodians received from the U.S. was now over, but they were entering into the holocaust that Pol Pot would bring about."

Tags:deaths, colonialism, rivalry, repression, destabilization

From the Paper
"The conflict between Kampuchea, or Cambodia, and Vietnam dates back to the late 1970s, though tensions between the two regions date back centuries to earlier wars and incursions on both sides. The present conflict came about in 1978 when Hanoi launched an offensive with twelve to fourteen divisions and three Khmer regiments, a total invasion force of 100,000 people. The Vietnamese units crossed the Cambodian frontier in five spearheads, initially directed into northeastern Cambodia. It is believed that in concentrating its forces in this way, Vietnam may have had several objectives. One may have been to capture as quickly as possible substantial expanses of Cambodian territory which had earlier been a spawning ground for the Khmer Rouge in the late 1960s. An early occupation would also have preempted ... "

Abstract
This paper explains that the Cambodian government has begun to make vast improvements to westernize its housing system in terms of design and in distribution of land. The author points out that, while urbanization plays a vital role in free market trade and democratic governments, the lack of purchasing power, financial strength and the legal loopholes required to obtain a new home in Phnom Penh are problems for the general Cambodian population. The paper stresses that Cambodians, who were colonized by the French in the late 19th and early 20th century, are accustomed to the centralized living styles of French flats, which provide more communal areas; whereas, the American investors are insisting on implementing western style condominiums, which differ in the sense that the facilities provide more privacy and space.

Table of Contents:
Historical Background
The Need for Land and Growth
Culture and Foreign Investment
History of Housing in Phnom Penh
Cambodian Fiscal System
The Development of French Style Flats and Western Condominiums
Legal Requirements for Construction of Housing
The Cost of Living in the New Phnom Penh
Analysis: French Style Flats versus Western Style Condominiums
Conclusion

From the Paper
"It is evident that Cambodia has a distinct disadvantage compared to the rest of the Asian countries. Primarily, the remnants of war has left a poverty stricken country with the responsibility of re-shaping its entire government, providing education and health care to needy families and finding adequate professional workers to maintain a new democratic system of public administration. However, there are many advantages to starting over for Cambodia, as the United Nations and the United States have taken a great interest in the rebuilding efforts. With a new, open economy and sufficient developmental programs, Cambodia stands at a crossroads for change."

Tags:challenge, growth, landless, banking, courtyard