Abstract
In this article, the writer first explains that the Anonymous Airlines Call Centre is the department of Anonymous Airlines responsible for taking calls for international and domestic flight booking as well as helping customers who may have problems booking a flight on the airline's website. The writer maintains that there are some areas where efficiency or effectiveness could be improved. The writer discusses that the bureaucratic as well as administrative schools of management thought both contain ideas that could improve efficiency or effectiveness. Other ideas of improving efficiency are the application of the administrative principles of discipline and order that could reduce the time and money spent on rule-violators who waste the company's time and money and could improve the organisation's resources. The writer concludes that the Anonymous Airlines Call Centre could improve both efficiency and effectiveness by applying the ideas from bureaucracy and the administrative theory of management.

From the Paper
"A hypothetical example of the unfair application of rules at the Anonymous Airlines Call Centre would be if they were to allow Americans to bend rules because they are more demanding. This favouritism towards Americans, or anyone else, by bending the rules for the mere reasons of demand and pressure is ineffective in displaying a fair reputation. In order to effectively uphold a fair reputation Call Centre staff should treat all customers equally. They should not give in to pressure from customers who demand more than the rules permit them to have. Applying the rules equally to everyone could improve effectiveness because it would show that Anonymous Airlines takes justice seriously."

Tags:organization, administrative, bureaucratic

Abstract
The paper reviews the literature to determine the impact of the Oklahoma City terrorist attack on emergency responses in the city and state. The paper describes how the police, firefighters, ambulance drivers and other emergency responders went above and beyond the call of duty in their actions, with some of them violating departmental policies and regulations in the process. The paper reveals that the authorities in Oklahoma City chose to reevaluate their policies rather than discipline these individuals who were awarded the city's highest award for honor instead. The paper notes the subsequent changes in federal policies concerning suitable responses to natural and man-made disasters.

Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The first responders on the scene of the terrorist attack on the Alfred P. Murrah Building in Oklahoma City in 1995 found themselves confronted with a scene that nobody could reasonably expect to encounter in America's heartland, and this is apparently the reason this federal building was targeted in the first place. In this regard, Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, the two individuals charged and convicted of the attack on the Alfred P. Murrah Building in Oklahoma City in 1995, reported that their actions were motivated by the federal government's for its botched handling of the Waco affairs and the general feelings among the right-wing militants at the time that the U.S. federal government was attempting to suppress their activities (Hulnick)."

Tags:procedure, guidelines, police, firefighters, ambulances, ethics

Abstract
This paper reviews the book "None Dare Call it Education" by John A. Stormer. The paper discusses the issues raised in the book, specifically the concept of the politicization of the school curriculum, that is that the information taught to a student at school will shape his views and the views of the nation. It also discusses the importance of the way that the curriculum is phrased as the language used to convey messages, affects reception and the students' responses.

From the Paper
"A Review of "None Dare Call it Education" Introduction The politicization of the curriculum is a serious problem in American education. Many special interest groups - as well as members of the two major political parties - have gone on record as identifying that the curriculum studied in schools affects the shape of the nation's character. As a student's time spent in school is limited, all information given to students must be carefully selected in order to best fit the goals of education, but the problem remains that different perspectives tend to result in different priorities in what needs to be included in the curriculum. Secondary items in this issue include how to phrase what is included, where the language used to convey specific facts and messages to the student affects reception and the student's response."

Tags:curriculum, issue, nclb

Abstract
This paper explains that the disjunction between patient and nurse perception of call bells is the crux of the research reported by Deitrick, Bokovoy, Stern and Panik in their article "Dance of the Call Bells: Using Ethnography to Evaluate Patient Satisfaction with Quality of Care". The paper points out that Deitrick et al found that the nursing staff often ignored patient calls or deferred responsibility for answering them because the nurses often viewed the calls as being a nuisance. The paper concludes that ethnographic methods provide a more comprehensive picture than quantitative data alone.

Table of Contents:
Research Problem and Purpose
Literature Review
Research Question
Research Design
Sampling
Variables
Method of Data Collection and Analysis
Issues of Rigor
Legal Issues and Research Ethics
Limitations
Findings/Conclusions
Implications
Recommendations

From the Paper
"A number of different data collection methods were used. First, researchers mapped the site in question including the layout of the patient unit, nursing stations, public and private areas, utility rooms, and the position of the unit in relation to the rest of the hospital. Also, the nursing stations were themselves mapped to provide greater detail about the location of their materials. Special attention was given to mapping the central nurse station. Second, photographs captured a large amount of information for the current study such as snapshots of the call bell console at the nurse's stations."

Tags:disjunction ethnograph, work flow, system photographs

Abstract
The paper discusses Pope Urban II's call to Crusade and the altruistic or self-centered motivations Christians had for joining. The paper then shows how, although the objectives are in many ways reversed, the contemporary jihadist is similar to the medieval Christian Crusader.

From the Paper
"Pope Urban II's call to Crusade at the Council of Clermont in 1095 was one of the seminal moments of medieval Christendom. Though recorded only after the fact by contemporaries, and known today only through fragments, the speech captured much of the ethos of the period, directed as it was toward social ideals as they were interpreted by each of the classes of society. Essentially, the Pope's address concerned a call to Christians to put aside their internal differences and come to the rescue of Christians and Christian sites in the Holy Land. Under continued assault from the Muslim Turks, the re-capture of the Holy Land, and its being made safe for Christian pilgrims, would represent a coming together of Europeans in the name of the highest ideals of the Church. Western Europeans of every rank and nationality responded enthusiastically to the Pontiff's appeal. Yet, their motives may not always have been wholly selfless or purely religious."

Tags:religion, faith, salvation, territory, materialism, jihadist, Islam

Abstract
Egyptian foreign and security policies in the 21st century continue to fluctuate between the often paradigmatic dilemmas of assuring domestic security while maintaining international prestige and security as well. The paper shows that domestic threats to the perseverance of the current Mubarak regime relate specifically to the growing power of political Islam within Egypt, as well as to the increasing disillusionment of the youth due to economic stagnation. International security dilemmas result specifically from Egypt's relationship with the United States and its calls for democratic reform, and to the growing power of the European Union on the world scene. The paper shows that, in addition, the ever-present threat of Israel galvanizes the Egyptian state, still smarting from its loses in 1967 and 1973.

From the Paper
"Egypt's choice of foreign policy relationships has supported its emphasis upon national and international security through military and economic relationships with the United States and with its Arab neighbors. Ideological considerations of the Cold War period have receded leaving the elite of Egypt to focus upon their relationship with the United States and the Arab world, often to the benefit of a select few (Gad, 175). Egypt's strong relationship to the United States evolved out of an economic incentive to establish a peace treaty with the state of Israel. Although Egyptian-Israeli relations remain apprehensive and distrustful, Egypt has greatly benefited both economically and militarily from the resulting U.S. aid."

Tags:instability, islam, Sadat, Yom, Kippur, war

Abstract
In this article, the writer describes the considerations of an adaptive leader that are related to the management of change. The writer also evaluates how those factors impact followers in implementing change. The writer notes that while the changes occurring globally are perhaps exciting, those same changes are calling upon leadership and demanding new ways to deal with new and emerging challenges requiring innovation in leadership. The writer points out that traditional practices may no longer be successful and the historical leadership methods may not be sufficient for leading today's workers in the global workforce. Today's workforce is diverse characterized by differential learning levels and various experiential backgrounds. The writer concludes that the adaptive leader is one who is able to intuitively and with intent make decisions and solve problems while empowering those whom are being led.

Outline:
Introduction
Theoretical Framework of Study
Literature Review
Summary & Conclusion

From the Paper
"The Adaptive leadership has the responsibilities of setting the direction in times of change. Where the leader would in the technical or routine situation be responsible for defining problems and making the provision of solutions, the adaptive leader will instead, make identification of the adaptive challenge and frame the key questions and issues prior to seeking a solution. The leader is responsible in routine situations to shield the organization from threats that are external to the organization but in times of change, the adaptive leader will allow the organization to experience the pressures that are external to the organization but only to the extent that the employees can manage the pressure being experienced. The leader of an organization has the responsibility within the area of orientation of employees to their duties and responsibilities to clarify the employee's roles and responsibilities but in times of change the adaptive leader will need to challenge the current roles of employees and will be resistant to any pressures that wish for new roles to be defined quickly. In times when everything in the organization is ticking along as usual conflict management requires that the leader restore order to the organization and its systems however, during times of change the adaptive leader must let the conflict emerge, in order for it to be exposed, resolved and effectively purged. In times of routine organizational management the leader is required to assist in maintenance of the organization's norms to keep thing running smoothly however, during times of change it will be necessary for leadership to adapt and challenge the norms that work against productivity in the organization. Heifertz and Laurie relate that while those being led desire the organizational environment to be comfortable, stable and for their leaders to provide answers, effective leaders ask their employees the difficult questions and remove the employees from their zone of comfort and then the leader takes responsibility for managing the distress that ensues."

Tags:leadership, workforce, practices, responsibilities

Abstract
Global warming is a serious problem and is causing the atmosphere to erode. Each country around the world is responsible for emitting some level of pollutants into the atmosphere, thus environmental protectionism is an issue that affects everyone. Increased levels of pollution are contributing to the depletion of resources along with contamination of the world's water supplies and soil content. Various governments around the world are implementing environmental policy to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. In the mean time, the United Nations has pushed the issue on to the international stage and has called on its member countries to find a collective solution (i.e. Kyoto Protocol). The United Nations is holding its 11th annual Climate Change Conference in November/December 2005 in Montreal, Quebec. At the same time, the Kyoto Protocol will also be discussed for the first time since the agreement was implemented in February 2005. There has been a great deal of controversy over the Kyoto Protocol and some countries have refused to sign the agreement.

From the Paper
Running Head: Project Green Canada's Project Green Canada's Project Green Introduction Global warming is a serious problem and is causing the atmosphere to erode. Each country around the world is responsible for emitting some level of pollutants into the atmosphere, thus environmental protectionism is an issue that affects everyone. Increased levels of pollution are contributing to the depletion of resources along with contamination of the world's water supplies and soil content. Various governments around the

Tags:canada, green, plan

Abstract
This paper will probe further into the issue of safety in physical education, paying particular attention to teacher's liability. It will ask, and answer, several important questions. Should teachers have more personal liability over the safety of their students? Should school boards be less liable? What degree of responsibility should fall upon the student him/herself? Should certain activities that exceed a potential safety threshold be eliminated from the curriculum? And so on. To support the findings and analysis in the paper, several legal tenets and cases will be used to provide instruction. It will be concluded that, as in all other health care or safety issues, prevention is the best medicine. Logically, where all steps have been taken to ensure safety, liability cannot fall on the teacher. But to determine this, due diligence and negligence need to be better defined. In sum, the final analysis of the paper supports the law as it currently exists in most states. However, it calls for increased care and a better definition of terms.

Abstract
This paper examines how the history of assignment of custodial responsibility for children when parents separate or divorce has varied more than most people realize. It discusses how American courts, as well as the Anglo system that preceded it, have held various views over the centuries regarding who should take care of children after divorce, with the view that either parent may be the best choice in any individual situation being a relatively new development. By looking at how court rulings have changed, particularly over the last thirty years, it attempts to demonstrate how it is evident that many men can and will do an excellent job of raising their children when called upon to do so.

Outline
History
Current Issues
Fathers' Rights Movements
Examples of Single Fathers
Factors that Help Fathers Win Custody
Joint Custody
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Laws have changed to reflect changes in society standards. In 1973, the New York Supreme Court ruled against the automatic assumption that of the two biological parents, the mother is automatically the best parent to receive custody of children in a divorce. They wrote, "The simple fact of being a mother does not, by itself, indicate a willingness or capacity to render a quality of care different than that which a father can provide." (Risman, 1985) By 1982 the state of Missouri had acted in a similar way. A Missouri court order from that year states, "If both parents are employed and equally absent from the home, the mother has no more part in training, nurturing and helping in the child's development; and if everything is equal, the mother has no better claim to child custody." (Stachewicz, 1993)."

Tags:divorce, mother, court, separation