Abstract
In this paper, through biographies and musical analysis brought forth on Cage as a multi-cultural composer, the idea of a unified eastern/western philosophical and musical tradition was pioneered through his efforts. In essence, John Cage's philosophy of silence, chance, and indeterminacy is actually a modern American product for certain external aspects of the Eastern originals served as the stimulant lending a mystic aura of "orientalism".

From the Paper
"The aim of this music study will be to examine how Asian philosophical and religious concepts play a large role in how John cage composed his works. By revealing the Asian philosophical practices of Hinduism and Zen, one can realize why Cage chose `silence' and the act of `chance' in his compositions, as well through the indeterminacy of musical form. By analyzing various texts that define Cage's role in bringing `orientalism' to the western musical tradition, one can clearly define the Asian philosophies and religious practices that Cage practiced within his own life. Through biographies and musical analysis brought forth on Cage as a multi-cultural composer, the idea of a unified eastern/western philosophical and musical tradition was pioneered through his efforts."

Tags:cage, music, composition

Abstract
This paper analyzes John Cage's theories on Chance and Indeterminacy and their practical application to fashion design. The paper explains that the fashion designer can apply the methods of letting go of the ego or self by allowing chance combinations of patterns, materials, or colors to be applied through Cage's theory. The paper shows how by using the Zen fundamentals of this psychological dissolution of the ego, the designer can do this on their own within a larger group-as long as the designer does not take sole responsibility for the creation.

Tags:cage, music, theory

Abstract
The paper relates that John Cage's Europa series was commissioned by Heinz-Klaus Metzger and Reiner Riehm to write an opera that was intended to negate opera, and in 1987, at the Frankfurter Opera, Europera 1 & 2 premiered. The paper further relates that Cage was then commissioned for another version for the Almeida Festival in London, where Europera 3 & 4 premiered in 1990, and, in 1991, the cycle was completed with Europera 5.

From the Paper
"John Cage's Europa series was commissioned by Heinz-Klaus Metzger and Reiner Riehm to write an opera that was intended to negate opera. In 1987, at the Frankfurter Opera, Europera 1 & 2 premiered. Cage was then commissioned for another version for the Almeida Festival in London, where Europera 3 & 4 premiered in 1990. In 1991, the cycle was completed with Europera 5. The material of the Europeras is musical of fragments of operas from the eighteenth and nineteenth century. It is 'found' music: ready made music. Is this what we can consider 'serious music? Perhaps, but it would make more sense to refer to think of this material..."

Tags:cage, opera, europera

Abstract
The music, aesthetic and composition methods of American composer John Cage are discussed in terms of his aesthetic and influences on his work. In more detail are described his relevant works music of Changes, Variations II, Imaginary Landscape No. 4 and 4' 33". Influences from Eastern philosophies, I Ching, Eckhart, Duchamp and Feldman are also reviewed.

From the Paper
"John M. Cage (1912-1992) was a central figure of not only the American but the world musical stage as well. His musical ideas challenged the very essence of music, musical theory and aesthetics that were widely accepted in the middle 20th century. By doing this Cage in parallel become if not the single most than certainly one of the most controversial composers in musical history. His name and work are connected to the improvement of `prepared piano' (the concept was originally developed by Henry Cowell, one of Cage's early instructors), and the problems of noise and silence in music. However, arguably his most important contribution to music is ..."

Tags:cage

Abstract
A look at the influencesd of John Cage over the years, both with Merce Cunnoingham, the dancer, with Robert Rauschenberg,the painter, and with his influences in general concerning sound, or lack of sound, and randomness and innovation that deals with more than one sensation. Cage's unusual apporoach refeined limits, or lack of them, for modern music and its sounds.

From the Paper
ABOUT JOHN CAGE, HIS COLLABORATORS, HIS INFLUENCES Who was John Cage? Actually, there is more than a single answer to that question. For one thing, he was a major force in music in America in the Twentieth Century. But he was also one of the most important developers and innovators of a concept that there is more to music than just a bunch of notes. Critics say that Cage "pioneered the development of the percussion orchestra; experimented with the use of noise; invented the prepared piano; acted as the earliest American proponent of electronic and taped music; originated the multi-discipline, multi-media `happening'; initiated the use of chance and indeterminate methods in composition; and

Tags:rauschenberg, merce cunningham, music

Abstract
In this essay, I will examine Weber's philosophy, the basis of his beliefs and the development of his notion of the closing of the iron cage. This will provide a background from which I will address Canada's increasing governmental efforts at privatization and deregulation, policies which mirror Weber's understanding of the iron cage, since they create a system which strips people of power over their own lives.

Abstract
This paper discusses two stories, "The Cage" by C. Lim and "The Jade Pendant" by N. Bisoondath and looks at how the central symbols in each of the stories represents societal and familial separation and segregation. The writer discusses that central symbol in "The Cage" is the ancestral name that shackles the narrator; the symbol in "The Jade Pendant" is, obviously, the jade pendant which represents the snobbery and familial segregation of the story.

From the Paper
"As M.H. Abrams states, symbolism allows an author to utilize an object to signify a "range of references beyond itself"; where symbolism is very effective then, is representing abstract terms that have no solid objective existence, terms like "love" or "justice". In the stories "The Jade Pendant", and "The Cage" the chief symbols invoked emphasize the uniting of the abstract themes of social and familial segregation. In the two stories symbolism is used as a vehicle to explain both the societal and individual separation of identity, underlining and progressing the themes within the stories."

Tags:separation, identity, symbolism

Abstract
The paper focuses on the relationships between the young woman and Mr. Mudge, Captain Everard and Mrs. Jordan in Henry James' "In the Cage". The paper highlights how these relationships show us the interconnected and often adversarial relationship between imagination and rage. The paper points out James' argument that the world of fantasy and imagination belongs fundamentally to the rich, while the world of fear and melancholy belongs fundamentally to the poor. The paper further show how James shows that technology complicates, yet can never truly transcends, the boundaries between the rich and the poor.

From the Paper
"Most of the movement and meaning in Henry James' In the Cage depends upon the establishment of binaries. Even a superficial reading of the text reveals distinctions between the inside and outside of the cage; between James' lengthy, punctuated prose and the curtness of the telegrams; and between the lower and upper classes. Much is at stake also in the doublings of the young protagonist, at different points in time, with nearly every other principal character in the novella. The doublings of the young woman with Mr. Mudge, Captain Everard, and Mrs. Jordan highlight the interconnected and often adversarial relationship between imagination and rage and ultimately show how technology complicates--yet can never truly transcend--the boundaries between the rich and the poor."

Tags:rich, poor, fantasy, melancholy, telegrams

Abstract
This paper seeks to analyze the directorial aspects of a couple that lived a cage for three days. By becoming "Circus Freaks" in an old custom that depicted South American Indians as savages, they see seek to explore how people would react in a city environment in Columbia, South America. By seeing the filming, the racial perspectives, and the reactions the couple get, we can see how this film provokes historical revisions on Indian heritage.

Abstract
This paper examines the Ontario Works program. It applies Weber's 'iron cage' of bureaucracy to its current operations. It identifies changes between 1995 and 1999 that lowered the level of benefits and increased the manner in which the program imposes upon recipients' lives.