Abstract
This paper explains in detail, the set up, operation and the importance of the Presidential Cabinet. It provides a brief history of its existence and some examples of how previous Presidents have set the tone according to their needs.

Outline:
Meaning and Role of the Presidential Cabinet
How the Cabinet is Formed
How the Cabinet Influences Decisions
What Departments are Represented on the Cabinet and Why?
The History of the U.S. Cabinet
Presidential Cabinets and How They are Utilized
Conclusion

From the Paper
''Cabinet secretaries are, of course, responsible for administering their departments and representing departmental interests within their policy areas. Their public responsibility is typically issue-specific. A cabinet secretary speaks for a presidency regarding the policies proposed and implemented by his or her department. These policies may be cross-cutting, to be sure , but not even a cabinet secretary who is a close friend of the president is likely either to expound or be listened to on issues outside his or her departmental jurisdiction. Below the level of the president, more general cross-cutting discussion or exposition is likely to come from White House staff, possibly the chief of staff or the director of the Office of Management and Budget (Jones).
''Secretaries oversee some of the most important departments of the U.S. government, including the departments of State, Defense and Treasury. Cabinet secretaries are appointed by the president and then must be approved by the U.S. Senate. Before the Senate votes to approve the president's appointments, the potential Cabinet members appear before members of the Senate to answer questions (America.gov).''

Tags:votes, department, members

Abstract
Examines FDR's informal "black cabinet," the people who served in it, and its importance to national culture. New Deal reforms & black support. Black leaders who advised FDR. The President's motive in using black advisers: to use their ideas to remedy racism & to rely on their opinion on a wide number of other issues. Diversity of "black cabinet." Contribution of educator Mary McLeon Bethune & others. Gains made by the NAACP, National Urban League & National Council of Negro Women as a legacy of the "black cabinet."

From the Paper
"With the entrance of each new administration we now hear about the importance of making the president's cabinet "look like America". That resemblance is never actually achieved, of course, if only because each American has a different idea of what it is that America really looks like. But amid the complex politics of inclusion at least when a Democrat is in the White House it is easy to overlook how far it is that we have actually come just over the course of the 20th century in terms of acknowledging that the differing experiences of different racial groups are all valid and that they must be included in an administration if the country is to be well run.
Many people deserve credit for bringing African-American voices into the mainstream of the national political process. But one of the people who deserves a fair measure of credit is often..."

Tags:NAACP

Abstract
This paper discusses the collection of short stories in Lawrence Weschler's "Mr. Wilson's Cabinet of Wonder", involving phenomenon, which all take place in a Jurassic museum. The paper discusses the fantastic and surrealist tone used in the book to convey a sense of wonder.

From the Paper
"So we have the circle returning to the exotic landscape and locale of the phenomenon being described. This is the charm and style of the book, and the nature of Mr. Wilson's wonder. The phenomenon is the African stink ant with a horn sprouting from its head. However, the real story is the connection to humanity that it takes, and the phenomenon that causes this horn. The waves of phenomena unfold on top of each other to give this book a powerful sense of realism and magic, and give the reader the sense that they are indeed in the medieval museum opening cabinets of wonder."

Tags:museum technology, fictional narrative, phenomenon realism magic

Abstract
This paper discusses how cabinets of curiosity (also known as wunderkammer, cabinets of wonder, and wonder rooms ), were rooms that housed vast encyclopaedic collections of objects and other rare items of interest. These proto museums were the private collections of elite upper classes; English gentleman, scholars and aristocrats. It looks at how they were considered a heterogeneous theatre of learning and pleasure where by human creativity was arranged on natural forms in its exploration for beauty and wonder.

From the Paper
"With the discovery of the Americas and the New World, wealthy collectors would send off explorers and sailors with a 'shopping list' of curiosities that would demonstrate their interests and obsessions. Many objects would have a monetary value however most collectors had little interest in this aspect instead they focussed more on the passion for collecting and the joy of ownership, such as Ulisse Aldrovandi, a collector in the latter part of the 16th century, and indeed by 1549 Aldrovandi had over 100 collections in Rome itself. Other types of collectors existed who began to profit from these curiosities. 17th century German merchant Philipp Hainhofer is a prime example of this profiteering. He acted as buying agent for collectors of luxury items but also acquired objects from Frankfurt fairs, a long way from his home of Augsburg. He would create his own cabinet of curiosity with these newly acquired items with the view of selling them, no doubt as the highest bidder, as a complete cabinet of curiosity."

Tags:wunderkammer, collections, treasure

Abstract
The narrative strategies and artistic approaches of Wiene's "Des Cabinet des Dr. Caligari" and Renoir's "La R'gle du Jeu" appear significantly different from both the classical Hollywood model and from each other to warrant comparative analysis. This essay examines the alternative narrative strategies used in both films in relation to the classic narrative system and briefly compares the formal, technical, and aesthetic approaches of the two films with each other.

From the Paper
"Another interesting feature is the use of iris transitions to and from black to point out certain objects or characters in a frame. This can be used as a less jarring alternative to close-ups (of which there are few) and is especially effective when used to highlight the emotion of a dramatically important scene, such as the malevolent lingering on Caligari's black striped glove as he lures Jane into his caravan, or when used to link related subjects, such as the iris close on Francis on the right side of the frame and subsequent iris open at the same place on the screen to reveal Jane near the start of the film."

Tags:expressionism, realism

Abstract
This paper compares two Faustian influenced works, "Dr. Faustus" and "The Cabinet of Dr Caligari". The paper examines the way in which the two modes of media demonstrate the story of Dr. Faustus and how they compare with the different time periods. Each literary work is described in relation to the other.

From the Paper
"The historical German story of Doctor Faustus has been used as inspiration in all forms of media, and across many cultures. The most noted English literary adaptation is the play by Christopher Marlowe, The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, written in 1592. In the medium of film, the story of Faustus can be made into a highly visual experience, different than that found in Marlowe's outlet of the Elizabethan stage, and so can give a alternative insight into these well known Faustian traditions. The Cabinet of Doctor Caligari, is a silent German art film, produced in 1919 by Robert Wiene, and written by Carl Mayer and Hans Janowitz. It deals creatively with the Faustian themes, including the concept of the divided self, temptation of power, and the search for superior knowledge. In addition, Caligari serves as a response to post-WWI Germany. Through the use of expressionism and the questioning of the senses of reality, Faustus also coinciding with changes in popular perceptions."

Tags:expressionism, film, german, history, literature, post, wwi

Abstract
This paper outlines and describes the laws and reforms instituted by President Roosevelt in response to the tremendous suffering and hardship the American population was enduring as a result of the Great Depression and the stock market crash of 1929. The paper explains that, ultimately, the New Deal initiatives brought America back to the forefront and helped prepare it for WWII.

From the Paper
"According to historian Arthur M. Schlesinger, before 1935 "the American people had been through two profound shocks. The first was the shock of depression. . . the second was the shock of the New Deal which brought the sudden hope that the national government offered a means of recovery and progress. " And as a result of these "shocks," "the combination of the two. . . left the people. . . excited and vulnerable" (15). Thus, under the guidance of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the so-called New Deal which sought to bring an end to the devastating effects of the Great Depression, brought America and its citizens back from the brink of destruction and created an entirely new social and economic order that survived well into the 1940's and affected every aspect of American society."

Tags:sweeping, measures, collapse, emergency, banking, relief, act, civilian, conservation, corps, works, progress, administration

Abstract
This paper begins with the history of the position and moves forward to the appointment of John Negroponte as the first Director of National Intelligence. The essay discusses the many roles associated with the Director of Central Intelligence. The essay quotes past and present politicians on their opinions of the position; to include the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the 9/11 Commission.

From the Paper
"In 1947, then President, Harry Truman signed into law The National Security Act of 1947. The National Security Act gave three primary responsibilities to the Director of Central Intelligence. First, the DCI was responsible for providing national intelligence to the President, members of the President's cabinet (where applicable), and to members of Congress (again where applicable). Second, the DCI would serve as the head of the intelligence community (IC). The DCI was responsible for establishing the priorities for collection and analysis of raw intelligence. The DCI formulated and presented the IC budget to the President and to Congress. The DCI also had very limited ability to transfer funds and personnel throughout the National Foreign Intelligence Program (NFIP). Third, the DCI was to serve as the head of the Central Intelligence Agency. Here the DCI supervised the entire bureaucracy of the CIA. The DCI was in charge of human sources, overseeing the analyzing of raw intelligence, and undertaking covert operations when directed to by the President."

Tags:agency, branch, central, cia, commission, congress, crs, dci, director, dni, executive, intelligence, john, national, negroponte, report

From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the process and results of the effort currently under way to elevate the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to a cabinet-level department in the executive branch of the United States government. The plan of the research will be to set forth the key issues that have been raised around the discussion of cabinet-level status for the EPA, and then to discuss the issues in a way that will help clarify their political implications.

One theoretical view of the issue is that creating a Department of the Environment and a Secretary of the Environment would have the effect of providing executive-branch sanction for management and direction of national environmental policy. In 1990, a veteran of environmental issues who had once been an administrator at EPA framed the key reasons in favor of .... "

From the Paper
"According to Siegfried Kracauer, "the character of Caligari . . . stands for an unlimited authority that idolizes power." This idea is applicable both to Caligari and to the master of Metropolis, a man who is a virtual dictator and who has an entire class of people who serve the needs of the machine and so the city and have no other purpose in life. The central metaphor of the film is the transformation of a robot into a woman, and for leaders like Joh Fredersen, there is an entire class of human beings who are nothing but robots.


Power relations in The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Robert Wiene, 1920) are displayed through exaggeration. The mesmerist holds power over the somnambulist with the power of his eyes, with gestures, and with direct orders. Power is a central motif in the town depicted, with high officials showing their power by..."