Abstract "There can be little question that William Byrd was one of America earliest writers and in later generations one of its most controversial. The following paper examines the secret diary of William Byrd of Westover as it was written in the period 1709-12. Specifically, the paper examines the text in light of his own situation during these years--he was still a relatively young man at the time--as well as what factors might have prompted him to write as he did. Beyond that, the paper briefly catalogues the major themes of Byrd's diary, the literary style employed and a key issue raised by the diary entries. In the end, it is fair to conclude that Byrd's writings are a window into the attitudes informing the actions of eighteenth century country gentlemen.
Abstract This paper discusses the life, writings and music of William Byrd. The paper focuses on how he was pushed into music during Queen Elizabeth's kingdom when there was oppression from the parliament to follow the rules for the new Catholic Church. The paper discusses the way in which Byrd was one of the victims of this dramatic change.
From the Paper "William Byrd Trough Times. William Byrd writings have been much enlarged in recent times; he holds a place apart in the American letters. Just a few people started to feel curious about his work after a century of his death. Byrd's music is basically all about inspirited by sonnets, made all of it by keyboards on a big inspiration of the Church during 1558-1603; he was into the developing of the protestant movement of the Church. Most of his work started to take a big place in the American literature when they first were published in 1841 and again 1866. The recognition of his writing didn't arrive right away, "because they were published in Virginia, Petesburg and Richmond respectively and had only local circulation". (Holst Imogen, 1972)"
Abstract The murder of James Byrd Jr. in Jasper, Texas is a wake up call for all who believe that America is a color blind society. Byrd, an African American, was brutally killed by three whites. The murder was racially motivated, which proves that white racism still exists in America.
White racism is synonymous with white supremacy.
From the Paper "The murder of James Byrd Jr. in Jasper, Texas is a wake up call for all who believe that America is a color blind society. Byrd, an African American, was brutally killed by three whites. The murder was racially motivated, which proves that white racism still exists in America.
White racism is synonymous with white supremacy. Such racism is not just individualistic, it is systemic. White supremacy describes the power differential between whites and people of color. Whites control the majority of wealth and resources in America and enjoy distinct privileges by virtue of their race. In the words of one white educator, "As we grow up, Whites become aware that we tend to have more than people of color, and we learn to accept and justify our own position" (Sleeter 6). The justification for white racism is based on ..."
Abstract This paper discusses writers William Bradford, the author of "Of Plymouth Plantation", and William Byrd, also an early American settler, who wrote "The History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina" and "The Secret History of the Line". It shows how they present the American idea of trust, which evolved to become a concept where people respect God, each other, and authority.
From the Paper "In William Bradford's Of Plymouth Plantation, respect for God is prominent. These new settlers attribute their survival to God's providence. One example of this providence is when the members of the colony were on the voyage from Europe to America and one of the sailors cursed them and wished them dead. The sailor wanted them to die so he could claim their belongings and throw their dead bodies overboard. That same sailor was infected with a disease that killed him. Bradford believes it was God that smote the sailor out of respect for the settlers? trust. (248). This respect for God and his providence is the reason the settlers believed they were sent Squanto. Squanto was an English speaking Indian that helped the new Plymouth settlers survive. Squanto taught them to fish, plant corn, and how to navigate the local land. Squanto stayed with the settlers until he died. It was through Squanto that the settlers were able to negotiate a peace treaty with the Indians (253)."
Abstract Fictional and non-fictional stories differ in the impact that each has on an audience. This paper examines how the 1998 murder of James Byrd in Whitney Dow's and Marco Williams' documentary, "The Two Towns of Jasper", may have a more powerful effect on the viewer than the death of "Radio Raheem," played by actor Bill Nunn in Spike Lee's fictional film, "Do the Right Thing". It looks at how Dow and Williams presented a realistic and unbiased piece of work while Spike Lee's depiction may be questionable. It concludes that many would agree that de facto segregation has a critical influence in the way people see each other.
From the Paper "The death of "Radio Raheem" led to significant changes in the neighborhood. Sal's pizzeria was destroyed and the Italian-Americans were no longer welcome in Bed-Sty. "Buggin Out," a black character in the film, who was trying to boycott Sal's place after Sal (Danny Aiello) refused to hang photos of prominent African-Americans on the walls, had finally gotten the black community on his side. Up until riot scene, none of the other blacks in the neighborhood, except "Radio Raheem," would follow him and the reason for that was that everybody loved Sal's food."
Abstract This paper strongly argues that the Iraq War is wrong and that the American people have been misled into supporting it. The author cites Senator Robert Byrd and his anti-Iraq policy as supporting the paper's thesis. The author gives his own opinions why President Bush was so adamant regarding Saddam's capture and overthrow.
From the Paper "I have said from the beginning of the war that we seem to have forgotten about Bin Laden and simply focused on Saddam. I believe that Bush used the events of 9-11 to gain public support to go after Bin Laden when in fact he really wanted to use our military to go after Saddam for taking a hit out on Bush's dad in the early 90's.
"The Administration assured the U.S. public and the world, over and over again, that an attack was necessary to protect our people and the world from terrorism. It assiduously worked to alarm the public and blur the faces of Saddam Hussein and Osama Bin Laden until they virtually became one(Byrd, 2003)." "
Abstract The murder of James Byrd Jr. in Jasper, Texas is a wake up call for all who believe that America is a color blind society. Byrd, an African American, was brutally killed by three whites. The murder was racially motivated, which proves that white racism still exists in America.
White racism is synonymous with white supremacy.
From the Paper "The murder of James Byrd Jr. in Jasper, Texas is a wake up call for all who believe that America is a color blind society. Byrd, an African American, was brutally killed by three whites. The murder was racially motivated, which proves that white racism still exists in America.
White racism is synonymous with white supremacy.. Where other carriers, such as American and TWA focused on nonstop long routes, Southwest offered regional service to a few airports. It is likely that Southwest would have remained just another regional carrier had it not been for the airline deregulation that occurred in 1978. Since that time, Southwest's unconventional approach has enabled it to gain a large share of the markets in which it participates, improve its load factor to above the industry average, and accomplish both of these feats without resorting to bringing back hot pants. Nonetheless, the company's..."
Abstract The paper studies settlers' views on religion, outsiders, and what they believed their mission in America to be. These three authors expressed the widely-held idea of doing the will of God in the world in several ways. They stressed community values and the role of providence in their everyday world. They related feelings of uneasiness and superiority to nature and toward the outsiders living close to them.
From the Paper ?Bradford was one of the first settlers to arrive in this new country, and he led his people into a frightening, unknown world. His community of settlers, separatists from England and Holland, were a perfect example of the importance of community values, starting even before their feet touched the soil. While on board their ship, the settlers signed the Mayflower Compact, a civil contract that later helped lead to the constitution, for the common good of the people, by common consent. They knew that in order to survive in this new land, they had to work together, or die alone. Thus, they made this contract for "better ordering and preservation" [to] frame just and equal laws, ordinances, acts constitutions and offices?for the good of the colony.?(251) Once the colony was in place, disaster was narrowly averted by an even greater display of community values, namely, the placing of the whole community before the self, when many members began to starve to death."
Abstract In theory, many regard the American legal system as the best in the world. In practice, a wide gulf exists between the "law on the books" and the "law in action." This paper explores that gulf by examining the case of Freeman vs. MediCal. This paper shows how the philosophy of the law influenced the resolution of the dispute and how Freeman's attorney, Joseph Byrd, used the laws on the books and the adversarial process to achieve his client's goals.
From the Paper "Thus, MediCal stood accused of violating federal and state law, and stood little chance of succeeding in court. Faced with the facts as presented here, and weighing other factors (discussed later), MediCal settled the case. The agreement between the agency and Freeman guaranteed round-the-clock care for David by a registered nurse, to be paid for by the state. The state also paid David an undisclosed sum, certainly less than he probably could have won at trial. However, he never sought money and certainly did not want a trial (he simply wanted to go home). The amount probably did not compensate for all that he suffered, including emotional damage and the risks of serious respiratory illness he faced while stuck in intensive care for two months."
Abstract In the book "Wilderness and the American Mind" by Roderick Nash, the author writes that the attitudes of Americans towards the dichotomy between wilderness and civilization have shifted over time. The book shows how Nash analyzes the reasons for the shift, the nature of the shift and the possible direction for the future. The paper discusses how different attitudes toward the wilderness can be seen as different themes in American history and they are not entirely distinct in time, meaning that they may exist at one and the same time, though one or another will dominate and so be the mark of the age. The wilderness has been seen as something "evil," something to be conquered and tamed. The wilderness can be seen as something involving a form of communion, indicating a belief in the spiritual nature of the wilderness. More recently, the wilderness is depicted as endangered and as something to be preserved and protected.
From the Paper "This idea would continue to infuse the environmental movement as it shifted to the protectionist mode, for there is often a quasi-religious aura to some of the more radical environmental groups that see protecting the wilderness as a religious act. The idea of protecting the wilderness and preserving it for the future also began in the nineteenth century with the work of men like Frederick Law Olmsted, who designed New York City's Central Park. By the end of the nineteenth century, the work of men like John Muir contributed to the movement to preserve lands as part of a national park system. When these lands were first designated a national forests, it was clear that they had been set aside for consumptive uses, but new priorities and new forces later brought into question many of the traditional guidelines for the use of this land."
Tags: William, Byrd, frontier, Alexis, de, Tocqueville
Explores the role of memory in "Once Up a Time When We Were Colored" (Taulbert), "Salvation on Sand Mountain" (Covington), "Blue Wedding" (Smith), "Carpenter Bee" (Trethewey), and "Ellen Foster" (Gibbons).
Abstract The magic of the human memory can be used as a powerful, informative, and insightful device in fiction and poetry. Characters and ideas develop and grow with time, and memory is a function by which these devices can provide us with valuable information. This paper examines how the role of memory enhances the reading experience by looking at "Once Upon a Time When We were Colored" by Clifton Taulbert, "Salvation on Sand Mountain" by Dennis Covington, "Blue Wedding" by Lee Smith, "Carpenter Bee" by Natasha Trethewey, and "Ellen Foster" by Kay Gibbons.
From the Paper "Clifton Taulbert, author of Salvation on Sand Mountain, uses memory to personalize history. Clifton's technique utilizes memory to play an important role in the history of society, especially that of St. Marks? church in the town of Glen Allan. In fact, Taulbert tells us, "And whether north or sought, large or small, the colored church was a totally black experience" (Taulbert 281). That statement leads Taulbert on a journey into history as he remembers the people who shaped his personality as a boy. For example, Mother Byrd was influential to the members of the congregation, but her "demands for perfection and self-respect and her high hopes for the colored race will always be with me" (283). In addition, Mother Byrd was a proponent for black pride long before it became fashionable? (284). We also learn about the sister-workers. Clifton's characters provide most of the excitement in this story, which help us visualize the scenes."
Abstract This study seeks the origin and causes of a racial homicide in Jasper, Texas. Three schools of crime theories help explain various dimensions of the crime. The classical school advances the social contract theory and the theory of proportionality. The Marxist school presents the labeling and conflict theories. Finally, the paper shows how Vernon Geberth and Erich Fromm advance the psychology of evil or malignant narcissism to explain the origin and cause of James Byrd's lynching.
From the Paper "The proponents of the proportionality theory claim that the punishment should fit the crime. For example, if the punishment for stealing a doughnut were the same for stealing a car, many would see no added risk in stealing the car. Therefore, crime would increase if the punishment did not fit the crime. For several generations in Jasper, law enforcement looked the other way and/or participated in racist crimes. The risk for committing these crimes was next to nonexistent. Therefore, these unchallenged crimes increased in our tragic history of racism, over the decades. (Hoffman, 1999) This theory helps explain the racist crime trends from the 1920s to the 1960s. Jasper in 1998 was seen as a vestige of that era. Another paradigm may help explain the events at Jasper."
