Abstract This paper begins with the symbolic spacial layout of Gothic architecture and relates it to medieval society in general. Also discussed is the cruciform shape of Gothic cathedrals and the symbolism of the cross. The paper also catalogues the main imagery found in Gothic churches and how it relates to the architecture, including windows and light symbolism. Finally, historical interpretations in churches are discussed such as the "New Jerusalem" and the "Garden of Paradise".
From the Paper "Despite the romantic observations of Schlegel and Laugier, seeing a forest in the cathedral, Frankl again makes the sober comment that "as far as we know, the architect of Durham did not ask himself how he could give a vault the form of a tree-top, so that it should represent paradise: it was only after the Gothic style had logically developed within the terms of the 'law according to which it had been born' . . . that the house of God became vegetal in form." In an essay on the symbolism of Gothic architecture, it is important to point out, lest we get carried away, that technological innovations were the impetus for a good deal of what came to constitute the style as such. "
Abstract This paper discusses how an increasingly sophisticated global economy has resulted in significantly changing the dynamics of migrant labor. It explains that the effects of globalization on domestic societies and economies has now become a controversial issue. The paper concludes that unless governments and policy makers are able to buttress the forces of globalization with institutions and policies that are able to spread the benefits to the vast majority of the world's population, it is likely that political, social, and labor movements will succeed in reversing the process of globalization.
From the Paper "The United Nations Population Division estimates that there were 175 million people residing outside their country of birth in 2000. This estimate represents a hundred percent increase over the 1975 estimated figure of migrants (Migration News, 2002). Further, if labor force participation rates are applied to UN estimates of migrants by country, it becomes evident that the migration of labor has played a significant role in influencing the upward trend in global migration in the fourth quarter of the twentieth century. For, such an exercise reveals that there were approximately 80 million migrant workers around the globe at the turn of the twentieth century (Migration News, 2004). Although such large numbers of migrant workers is not without historical precedence, it is important to note that an increasingly sophisticated global economy has resulted in significantly changing the dynamics of migrant labor. Indeed, this fact is evident in an analysis that compares and contrasts the traditional causes and factors of migrant labor with the more recent effects of a global world economy."
Abstract This paper is about leadership and strategy and includes from Sun Tzu five "laws of Leadership" and five "laws of strategy." Each law is buttressed by a (brief) verbatim reference to The Art of War.
From the Paper "Leadership and Strategy. Sun Tzu was born in the Chinese state of Ch'i during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history and is believed to have authored "The Art of War" sometime during the fourth century BCE. Many great Chinese philosophers lived during this time including Confucius Mencius and Lao Tzu. Charles Rarick explains in SAM Advanced Management Journal, that the legend is that Sun Tzu's manuscript attracted the attention of King Ho-luof Wu who requested an audience with the author."
Tags: Leadership, and, Strategy, Sun, Tzu, five, laws of Leadership, and, five, laws of strategy, The, Art, of, War.
Abstract The following paper examines a recent essay of some repute and examines how it introduces and buttresses its argument and where the essay falls short. The paper argues that the essay is largely well-organized and effectively introduces an important concept early on in the proceedings, but it is too intemperate to effectively sway those holding a contrary position.
From the Paper "Essay writing is a skill that requires considerable effort as well as considerable time; it is an acquired facility that is rarely honed over night. With that in mind, the following paper will review Franz J Broswimmer's chapter, "Ecocide and Globalization" with an eye towards uncovering the manner by which Broswimmer defends his central thesis. More specifically, the succeeding pages will, as in an earlier paper reviewing essay-writing, examine how the author begins his paper and how he constructs his paper."
Abstract The paper provides an overview of Romanesque architecture during the 11th and 12th centuries, followed by a discussion of some examples of the architectural style. The paper includes pictures of structures in this style.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "The term Romanesque architecture applies to the various stages of European architecture that were influenced by both Carolingian architecture and the diffusion of Latin civilization following the break-up of the Roman Empire up to the end of the 12th century. While there has been a modest resurgence in interest in Romanesque architectural style in the West, the term continues to conjure up mistaken perceptions about precisely what Romanesque architecture is and what precise architectural elements serve to define its style."
