Abstract
This paper shows how the public in the United States was generally against the war in Vietnam and how the youth returning from the war (if they did) felt like the pawns of the government's war machine. It analyzes the history of the conflict and how the forces ended up being stuck in Vietnam for so long.

From the Paper
"Jungles of Asia were only one front of a war that tore apart not only the divided nation of Vietnam, but ripped through the generations and cities of America as well. By the time it ended, an entire generation of young people considered themselves to be the sacrificial lambs of international politics, merely the bloodied and bruised currency that the Grown Ups exchanged in their search for power. By the time it ended, they had been been drafted and killed, beaten on the fields of battle and in the streets of their cities, wracked by post-traumatic conscience and shattered by the brutalization of daily experience. And they learned, inescapably, returning home or waiting for loved ones, that they had suffered all this for nothing more than the political machinations of old men. "

Tags:communism, propaganda, conflict, Roosevelt, Indochina, occupation, Ho, Chi, Minh, McCarthy

Abstract
This paper discusses how, on the surface, the poem by Nobel Prize Laureate Seamus Heaney called "Churning Day", is a wonderful journey into the past, into the old ways of making butter when technology and the corporate world were far from becoming part of Europe. The paper looks at how the poem is both a history lesson and a reflection of Heaney's agricultural upbringing. It also shows how the poem is in a very real way a testament to his sharp eye and attentive ears towards the culture in rural Ireland in which he grew up.

From the Paper
"In the poem it is clear that Heaney sees his boyhood old-world family lifestyle as a metaphor, and all the things that were part of those experiences are building blocks for his storytelling. But he shows how highly intelligent he is by his strategic use of words - just enough descriptiveness and emotion. Still, he does not let the tools of poetry overpower the poem. As a poet he has the license to pour forth with images and metaphors, but he handles this poem with grace, the same as his family handled the chores of making food with grace and deliberation. His poetry is, according to The New York Times, "...accomplished, predictable" (Unterecker, 1967). "

Tags:butter, ireland

Abstract
This paper discusses how the political themes exposed in the WWII political cartoons of Dr. Seuss, or Theodor Seuss Geisel, influenced a number of his later works of children's literature. It looks at the themes of these political cartoons and the impact they had on his future writings and drawings.

I. Introduction
II. Seuss' Editorial Cartoons in WWII
A. PM Magazine
B. Seuss and Japanese Americans
C. First PM Magazine Cartoon, Virgino Gayda
D. May 19, 1941 Hitler Cartoon
E. July 16, 1941 Isolationist Cartoon
F. The Influence of Seuss' Editorial Cartoons
III. Political Aspects of Seuss' Children's Literature
A. Recreation of PM Magazine Characters in Children's Literature
B. Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories and Totalitarianism
C. The Sneetches and Other Stories and Tolerance and Racism
D. The Butter Battle Book and the Cold War
E. Marvin K. Mooney, Will You Please Go Now! and Richard Nixon
F. The Influence of the Political and Social Content of Seuss' Children's Literature
IV. Conclusion

From the Paper
"The political themes exposed in the WWII political cartoons of Dr. Seuss, or Theodor Seuss Geisel, influenced a number of his later works of children's literature. Known primarily for his children's books, Seuss wrote a series of over 400 political cartoons for PM Magazine that explored a variety of subjects, including Hitler, Fascist Italian publicist Virgino Gayda and Mussolini and fascism, American Isolationism, and racism. May of these themes were later explored in his children's books, including Marvin K. Mooney, Will You Please Go Now!, The Butter Battle Book, The Sneetches and Other Stories, and Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories. Marvin K. Mooney, Will You Please Go Now! reveals Seuss' feelings that President Nixon should resign, while The Butter Battle Book clearly shows that the political and social conscience that Seuss honed during his time at PM Magazine, was active well into his old age. In his children's book, The Sneetches and Other Stories, Seuss again expanded on the theme of tolerance and the attacks on racism that he incorporated into many of his editorial cartoons from PM Magazine. Similarly, Seuss's Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories is deeply reminiscent of the dislike of fascism and totalitarianism seen in his PM Magazine cartoons. Overall, Seuss' contributions to the political landscape, while commonly overlooked in favor of his contributions to children's literature, were significant and important in shaping public opinion, both in an overt form seen in his editorial cartoons, and in the more subtle political messages seen in his children's books."

Tags:hitler, isolationist, cartoon, children, literature

Abstract
This paper explains that the Southern way of living, earning bread and butter through plantations and power over black slaves, was destroyed completely after the Civil War. The author points out that the major problem the South experienced after the war was a reduced labor force, as blacks wanted to work for themselves and not for masters. The paper concludes that all the changes after the Civil War cost the Southerners a great deal of their wealth and property, but it ended with greater developments and benefits resulting in a changed life style for everyone and allowed the blacks to live a life of freedom.

From the Paper
"A few years after the Civil War, there were some large scale construction projects. After the 1880s, an era of prosperity commenced. Subsistence and diversified farming gave way to commercial agriculture. Construction of railroads resulted in the creation of new towns. Later the plantations were divided into fragments and families who worked as tenants on others farms rose gradually. During the period between 1880 and 1910 a great number of buildings were constructed both in small and large towns. Hence, architectural modifications brought about a number of changes in the living style of people. The huge market for the cotton and tobacco nurtured."

Tags:labor, agriculture, development, commercial, freedom

Abstract
This document discusses Paradise Farm Organics, founded and still managed by Mary Jane Butters. The writer explains that Paradise Farm Organics produces, markets and sales its own branded line of organic and natural food products. The writer discusses that while Paradise Farm Organics maintains some distribution agreements with large distributors of specialty food products, it relies primarily on its established web business. However, its web based business is antiquated in the face of the active and integrated storefronts that technology allows industry competitors to access in today's market. The writer maintains that Paradise Farm Organics is in need of a complete overhaul of its internet sales channel, its operations, and a 30% increase in its access to raw materials or produce.

Tags:paradise, farm, organics

Abstract
This paper explains that, although Dr. Seuss' books are praised for their portrayals of reality and their moralistic messages, many people overlook their highly stereotypical depictions of gender and race. The author points out that, similar to many of Seuss' female characters, in "The Cat in The Hat", a main character Sally (the sister) appears in every scene with her brother; but she is the only character with no lines and is depicted as being helpless, hiding behind her brother. The paper concludes that Dr. Seuss' wonderfully imaginative poetry, beautiful pictures and way of not underestimating the intelligence of his child readers make him a favorite children's author; however, when a parent makes the choice of whether to read their child a Seuss book or which Seuss book to read, they should be aware of this problems of gender and race stereotyping.

From the Paper
"Seuss produced a series of shorter stories within volumes that included the line "And Other Stories" within the title. In examining "I Can Lick 30 Tigers Today! And Other Stories", "The Sneetches and Other Stories", and "Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories", the reader will come to see that in each volume one of the "Other Stories" contains a female as the main character. Having a female as the main character seems like a step-up for Dr. Seuss, who usually has very limited secondary female characters; however, when examined closer, the portrayal of all the main characters in these stories is an off-putting one."

Tags:cat, other-stories, mulberry-street, zoo, butter-battle

Abstract
One of the most seductive and pleasurable foods enjoyed everywhere in the world is chocolate. Chocolate is a slightly psychoactive substance but it has some health benefits when consumed in its purest forms and in moderation. This paper looks at its roots from its discovery by the Aztecs. It examines how its official categories of chocolate vary between Europe and North America and also discusses different types.

From the Paper
"Produced from the fermented and roasted seeds of the tropical plant cacao, chocolate caught on quickly in Europe during colonization. To produce edible chocolate, either for beverage or confectionary use, the pods of the cacao plant are fermented and their beans dried, then roasted and ground. The resulting material is pressed to separate the cocoa butter from the cocoa solids. The term cocoa liquor refers to the unadulterated chocolate, containing both cocoa solids and cocoa fats. The higher the concentration of cocoa liquor, the higher quality and more expensive is the resulting chocolate product. However, all commercially sold chocolates contain a blend of cocoa butter and cocoa liquor, with other ingredients added for flavor and texture."

Tags:cacao, cocoa, butter