Abstract
This is a rewriting of the last 3-pages of Amy Hempel's short story "In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson is Buried." It shifts the emphasis of the ending from memory and overcoming one's fears, to death and how fear can make us completely self-centered.

Tags:alternate, ending

Abstract
This paper discusses "Dover Beach" and "The Buried Life," two poems by the Victorian English poet Matthew Arnold which highlight his position between the Romanticists before him and the Modernists who would follow him. The writer discusses the conflict between humanism and traditional Christian beliefs in Arnold's work, and how he seems to voice the human response to both through a sense of desolation in the realization of the inadequacy of his art to express the essential divorce of man from both the spiritual and the natural. After a brief analysis of both poems, the paper concludes that, not surprisingly, not long after writing "Dover Beach," Arnold withdrew to writing Christian responses and criticism.

From the Paper
"Key in his writing is the divorce in man from his spirituality. It's a concern that he expands to include society's desolation from a Christian God and, more, how the works of man - including Arnold's poetry - are doomed to be insufficient in expressing both the individual's sense of nostalgia for a prelapsarian mode and his yearning for a perhaps impossible-to-recapture state of grace. It's not too much to use Arnold's work to encompass the greater scope of consideration that man's fall into knowledge and experience is irrevocable and, in a way, unforgivable. "

Tags:humanist, immortality, ambivalence, self-pity, hopelessness, faith, Carlyle

Abstract
This paper suggests that the United States government covered up the recovery of extraterrestrial beings after the reported flying saucer crash that occurred on July 5, 1947. It includes information about the farmer who claims to have seen the extraterrestrials first hand and how the US Air Force still continue to change the story. The author argues that instead of denying their existence, scientists, scholars, and the government should should share the information, study it, and learn from it.

From the Paper
"Marcel reported what he believed to be the leftovers of a flying saucer. Quickly, the military closed off the area for a number of days and collected the pieces. First, it was taken to Roswell Army Air Field. Eventually, it was delivered via B-29 and C-54 aircraft to Dayton, Ohio's Wright Field. Roswell Army Air Field was the home of the 509th Bomb Group, which was the only atomic bomb group in the world. Jesse Marcel was the intelligence officer for them. Everybody in that group was handpicked for their credibility and elite qualifications.
"Following the examination of the debris, Colonel William Blanchard, Commander of the Bomb Group, ordered press officer, Walter Haut, to issue a press release. Haut, now 75 years old, remembered Blanchard saying, "We have in our possession a flying saucer. This thing crashed north of Roswell, and we've shipped it all to General Ramey, 8th Air Force at Forth Worth" (qtd. in Jaroff). On July 8, 1947, Haut's press release was released with a bang, "RAAF CAPTURES FLYING SAUCER ON RANCH IN ROSWELL REGION." It was transmitted over wire services, quickly enough to make headlines in over 3- U.S. afternoon newspapers that same day (Jeffrey). Roswell would never be the same."

Tags:UFO alien government extraterrestrial life, william brazel, roger ramy, thomas dubose

Abstract
This paper explains that Dee Brown's "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee" begins in 1860 with the Long Walk of the Navajos and ends thirty years later at the Wounded Knee massacre. The author reports that the book documents the battles and defeats of Native Americans, human beings, who included the Navajo, Nez Perces, Cheyenne, Apache, Utes, the Sioux and many other tribes, who fought against a dishonest and relentless government. The paper concludes that, within just twenty-one years of experiencing contact with the white people, the Great Sioux Nation lost over ninety percent of its land.

From the Paper
"The Great Sioux Nation, which once comprised almost a quarter of the land mass of the United States, signed the Fort Laramie Treaty in 1868, a treaty that established the Great Sioux Reservation and brought a halt to the Red Cloud War of 1866-1868. Under the treaty's terms, the U.S. military was ordered to keep all unauthorized non-Indian people out of Dakota Territory. Yet in 1874, Colonel George A. Custer, commander of the 7th cavalry, violated the treaty. Custer entered the Black Hills region on a fabricated geological expedition; however, the true purpose was to find a site for establishing a new military post. When gold was discovered, prospectors swarmed into the Lakota lands and by 1874, white settlers out numbered and out armed the Sioux people."

Tags:sioux, custer, dakota, disarmed, treaty

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the book, "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee: An Indian History of the American West," by Dee Brown. Specifically, it evaluates and synthesizes the strengths of Native Americans in the face of adversity. It looks at how the book illustrates just a bit of what the Native Americans had to endure as whites took over their lands and their lives; it is a testament to their strengths, character, and pain.

From the Paper
""Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee" is a complex and complete history of Native Americans from their own point of view, rather than the point of view of white historians. Author Brown's style of writing engrosses the reader but sometimes can be a bit overwhelming, and the length of the book (over 500 pages) may put some readers off. However, Brown includes more than just history in his narrative, he includes Native American writings, folklore, and myths that help make the book more interesting and more appropriate as a history. Throughout the book, he illustrates how the Native American tribes were thriving and vital societies that lived off the land and understood the complex natural world and man's interaction with it."

Tags:native, americans, folklore

Abstract
This paper describes the historical genocide and displacement of the Native Americans through Dee Brown's book "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee". It traces the history of the Dakotas and Sioux Tribe during and after the conquest of the West by the American military.

From the Paper
"Dee Brown's "Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee" is a fully documented account of the genocide and displacement by the United States government and military of an entire race of people, human beings, natives of the land that spanned from sea to shining sea. This unthinkable inhumane act was done in the name of Manifest Destiny, a name Congress gave to this movement. Brown documents battles and defeats of the Navaho, Nez Perces, Cheyenne, Apache, Utes, the Sioux and other tribes against a relentless and dishonorable government."

Tags:dakotas, sioux, tribe, west, genocide, united, states, government, military, race, native, manifest, destiny, congress, nez, perces, cheyenne, apache, utes

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the life and work of Edgar Allen Poe, focusing on his works where the plot included a protagonist that is buried alive. According to the paper, being buried alive was a very controversial topic of the time.

From the Paper
"Berenice," another one of Poe's stories that shows signs of premature burial, starts off with the main character, Egaeus, describing his childhood and also making mention of his cousin Berenice. Egaues is in poor health as he suffers a mental disorder and so is Berenice who suffers from a physically deteriorating disease. One day while meditating in the library where his mother died, Egaeus, now engaged to Berenice becomes fascinated with her teeth. Several days pass and Egaeus cannot take his mind off Berenice's teeth. After receiving word that Berenice is dead, Egaeus visited her grave and with the physicians instruments in hand. While at her grave she begins to move and the bandage on her mouth broke, Egaeus took this as an opportunity to remove all thirty-two of Berenice's teeth. A servant finds him back at the library with his clothing all messy and muddy, and tells him that he heard screams the night before, the box with Berenice's teeth then falls to the floor and exposes his crime. This story shows the death of a loved one, a tragedy that happened to Poe himself so many times throughout his life. Poe was continuously loosing his lovers to death. First was Mrs. Standard and in the end Virginia. "

Tags:neglect, parents, death, poverty, premature, burial, disorder

Abstract
This is a five page paper about the book by Payson Sheets, "The Ceren Site: An Ancient Village Buried by Volcanic Ash in Central America". The paper offers a summary of the book and goes into the methods of archaeology and a general reaction to the text.

From the Paper
""The Ceren Site: An Ancient Village Buried by Volcanic Ash in Central America", by Payson D. Sheets, is an in-depth look at the famed archaeological site in El Salvador (in Spanish, Joya De Ceren) that featured a pre-Columbian Maya farming village. The one hundred and sixty eight page book recounts the discovery of the site (by Sheets himself) and how it has been in continuous excavation ever since. The spectacular Ceren site provides the reader with a clear, concise and interesting perspective into the ancient past. Through the site, Sheets learned much about Mayan..."

Tags:archaeology, sheets, maya

Abstract
This paper looks at how Doctorow depicts the American underclass, such as immigrants, in the beginning of the 20th century in America, and how he uses language to achieve this depiction. The paper explores the theme in "Ragtime" of being buried or trapped to show how Doctorow achieves this effect.

From the Paper
"But in E. L. Doctorow's novel Ragtime , he shows the reader that this utopian notion of the "good old days" of turn-of-the-century America is a misconception. In this novel, the reader sees how immigrants, ethnic groups, women, and the working class were victimized by the rich and powerful forces in American society, and by the apathy of those who turned their heads away from the misery and loathsome conditions of the underprivileged. One of the themes that Doctorow explores is that of his characters being trapped or buried in their circumstances. He uses metaphors and symbols to show both the physical and the sociological oppression that the people of that era suffered by personifying these themes through the medium of his characters. "

Tags:immigrant, underclass, America

Abstract
This paper explains that two important contemporary playwrights, Sam Shepard and Amy Freed, investigate liminal and traumatic psychological experiences in their analysis of dysfunctional relationships between fathers and sons. The author points out that Shepard's play "Buried Child" incorporates important allusions to the Oedipus myth; whereas, Amy Freed's "Freedomland" hints at the Biblical myth of the flood.

From the Paper
"The play hints at the need for spiritual regeneration in many ways. Thus, food appears frequently in the text in various forms, as a hint for the need of spiritual nurture. In the present state of things, the corrupted relationship between father and son point to degeneration and corruption. The corpse of the buried child which later is unearthed by Tilden is symbolic for corruption and degeneration. Significantly, Tilden seems to be drawn to the place where the child was buried and keeps digging for something. He first comes back to the house with an armful of corn."

Tags:archetypal, myths, regeneration, incest, abandonment