Abstract
The paper begins by discussing three trends and two factors that allow the bureaucracy to gain a powerful role within the political system. The paper reviews Max Weber's attempts to create a model for the bureaucracy that limits power, but highlights how bureaucratic power is inevitable. The paper explains the lack of desire on the part of the bureaucracy to regulate itself, the control of bureaucratic power by market forces and market controls, the force of public opinion and pressure group lobbying, and political methods of control. The paper reaches the conclusion that the bureaucracy is an inevitable institution, which instead of being on the decrease is on the increase. The paper contends that governments need to address this ever-increasing problem through long-term, successfully enforceable mechanisms.

From the Paper
"The first trend that allows the bureaucracy to become powerful can be seen to be that of the government's dependency on the bureaucracy. Since the growth of the welfare state, the government has relied on the bureaucracy due to its practical resources such as the ability to regulate policy. The bureaucracy has therefore steadily grown to deal with the increasing workload, which the ever-developing welfare state brings. The functional demand that the bureaucracy provides therefore illustrates one of the possible reasons for the increasing power of the bureaucracy. A second reason is that of the highly specialised nature of the bureaucracy. The bureaucracy provides the knowledge in which the politicians need in order to create policy. Politicians lack the expertise, the information and the time to decide all the various detailed policy issues; the bureaucrat is thus allocated these tasks."

Tags:politics, Weber, government, market, power, agenda, pressure, groups, public, opinion, regulation

From the Paper
"Introduction
In The Bureaucratic Experience, Ralph Hummel is concerned with the human condition in today's environment. Hummel focuses on how humans behave in organizations, and, in turn, how those organizations shape them, but his emphasis is on the human condition as a whole, and he cites "experts" as diverse as Freud and Heidegger throughout the text. Hummel uses citations similar to those found in scholarly articles and books, but his writing includes more anecdotes than would typically be found in a strictly scholarly approach to the topic. At the same time, he has provided the research to support his ideas, and has done so in a rigorous manner; these two apparently contradictory factors may have contribute to a lack of acceptance of the work in either popular or scholastic circles. Hummel presents five different themes: modernity, bureau.."

Abstract
This paper covers the use of functionalism in sociology, and relates that it is amongst the most widely-used tools in the field. The paper explains how it is is a rational/functional approach, which addresses the reasons for social structures and their usefulness in the 'real' world. The paper focuses on the study of bureaucratic conduct and looks at a new method of sociological functionalism, microeconomics, which can use transactional analysis and needs fulfillment in order to outline the reasons why bureaucrats behave as they do.

From the Paper
"This paper covers the use of functionalism in sociology, which is amongst the most widely-used tools in the field (Coleman). This is a rational/functional approach, which addresses the reasons for social structures and their usefulness in the `real' world. Although many topics can be chosen, this author focuses on the study of bureaucratic conduct. There are a number of valuable approaches to understand how bureaucrats work, think and associate, and the functional reasons for their association. A newer method of sociological..."

Tags:sociology, methods, research

Abstract
This paper explains the need to answer questions concerning educational capital, standardized testing and accountability and its effect on and acceptance by California teachers; thereby, the paper proposes using a combination of statistical research with case studies and interviews. The author suggests tracking California college enrollment, which is reported to be the best indicator of the condition of education, for the past twenty years; at points of peaks or valleys, it will be noted if there was an increase or decrease in standardized testing statewide at these times. The paper relates that veteran teachers, who have been teaching for at least twenty year and are still teaching, will be interviewed concerning their relative classroom procedures twenty years ago, ten years ago and for the past two years and asked to comment on the nature of the changes in their teaching caused by increasing testing and accountability demands.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology

From the Paper
"Christie made the undeniable connection between education and human capital. She cites a report from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) that correlated human capital "the knowledge and skills derived from education, training, and experience" with national well-being--"economic growth, better health, lower crime, political and community participation, and social cohesion." Despite noting that education levels in the United States were high and rising, Christie also noted that the trend seemed to have leveled off; if it did so, it had begun to do so long before the past few years of No Child Left Behind."

Tags:standardized-testing, acceptance, interviews, tracking, college-, attendance

Abstract
This book depicts the long process of planning and "selling" the construction of one of the most controversial environmental projects of recent Canadian history: the Rafferty-Alameda project in Saskatchewan. The author believes that this book would be of as much interest to political scientists and marketing researchers as to those interested in the project in terms of its impact upon the environmental geography of the West. The authore feels that this book is an accurate depiction of the politics of the environment today.

From the Paper
"WEBER?S BUREAUCRATIC MODEL & CONTEMPORARY HEALTH CARE
Introduction
This research assesses Max Weber's bureaucratic model within the context of its applicability within contemporary health care organizations. A critique of Weber's model is presented, along with an assessment of the model in relation to contemporary health care organizations.

An Assessment of Weber's Bureaucratic Model
Max Weber (1947) identified seven characteristics that define a bureaucracy. These seven characteristics are as follows:
1. A bureaucracy is an entity characterized by continuous official functions that are bound by prescribed rules. Standard operating procedures cause activities to be performed.."

Abstract
This paper identifies what a bureaucrat is, and the levels under which they are classified in China. It illustrates the levels of bureaucratic power, their status at each level, and what is involved in the fluctuation of their status. Bargaining is discussed and revealed as one of the key components of the bureaucratic process in China. The paper also looks at the friction between center and local government within the bureaucratic process, and with the help of two case studies, cites clear examples of what challenges are faced by those leading the way in China's political horizon.

From the Paper
"Bureaucratic politics in China is a unique process, under which lies a webbing of bureaucratic levels, status variation and bargaining; each contributing to its unparalleled complexity."

Tags:administration, bureaucratic, china, democracy, political, politics

Abstract
The paper reviews the situation in sub-Saharan Africa, Bangladesh and illustrates the consequences of bureaucratic corruption. The paper shows how this results in poverty and in the growth of the country's economy being greatly deterred. The paper concludes that a bureaucratic system that is not corrupt has much to offer a country, while a corrupt bureaucracy drains the country of growth potential and hope.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Sub-Saharan Africa Bureaucratic Corruption
Blackburn and Forgues-Puccio
Results of Bureaucratic Corruption in Bangladesh
Empirical Studies
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"In the Nigerian Village Square article entitled: "The Effects of Bureaucratic Corruption on Economic Development: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa" examined are "the incidence and causes of bureaucratic corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa" and the results or consequences on "economic development" in that area of Africa. Stated to be results of that corruption are "underdeveloped human and natural resources, extremely low levels of productivity, inability to attract and sustain direct foreign investment, continuous mismatch of capital and needs, and deplorable infrastructures. (Klitgaard, 1990; as cited by Ifediora, 2005)"

Tags:corruption, growth, potential

Abstract
This paper identifies the criteria of bureaucratic politics in respect to the current presidential administration and the politics of timber and oil harvesting, where the past business connections of George W. Bush and his cabinet reflect bureaucratic politics rather than policy created for the benefit of the general public

Abstract
This paper argues that Weber understood the threat posed by bureaucratic power much better than Wilson. This is because he perceived the damage that bureaucratization would do to the democratic process. Individualism and true democratic choice would have to be sacrificed in a society that worshipped the mass organization.