Abstract
The paper begins by discussing three trends and two factors that allow the bureaucracy to gain a powerful role within the political system. The paper reviews Max Weber's attempts to create a model for the bureaucracy that limits power, but highlights how bureaucratic power is inevitable. The paper explains the lack of desire on the part of the bureaucracy to regulate itself, the control of bureaucratic power by market forces and market controls, the force of public opinion and pressure group lobbying, and political methods of control. The paper reaches the conclusion that the bureaucracy is an inevitable institution, which instead of being on the decrease is on the increase. The paper contends that governments need to address this ever-increasing problem through long-term, successfully enforceable mechanisms.

From the Paper
"The first trend that allows the bureaucracy to become powerful can be seen to be that of the government's dependency on the bureaucracy. Since the growth of the welfare state, the government has relied on the bureaucracy due to its practical resources such as the ability to regulate policy. The bureaucracy has therefore steadily grown to deal with the increasing workload, which the ever-developing welfare state brings. The functional demand that the bureaucracy provides therefore illustrates one of the possible reasons for the increasing power of the bureaucracy. A second reason is that of the highly specialised nature of the bureaucracy. The bureaucracy provides the knowledge in which the politicians need in order to create policy. Politicians lack the expertise, the information and the time to decide all the various detailed policy issues; the bureaucrat is thus allocated these tasks."

Tags:politics, Weber, government, market, power, agenda, pressure, groups, public, opinion, regulation

Abstract
This paper identifies what a bureaucrat is, and the levels under which they are classified in China. It illustrates the levels of bureaucratic power, their status at each level, and what is involved in the fluctuation of their status. Bargaining is discussed and revealed as one of the key components of the bureaucratic process in China. The paper also looks at the friction between center and local government within the bureaucratic process, and with the help of two case studies, cites clear examples of what challenges are faced by those leading the way in China's political horizon.

From the Paper
"Bureaucratic politics in China is a unique process, under which lies a webbing of bureaucratic levels, status variation and bargaining; each contributing to its unparalleled complexity."

Tags:administration, bureaucratic, china, democracy, political, politics

From the Paper
"Introduction
In The Bureaucratic Experience, Ralph Hummel is concerned with the human condition in today's environment. Hummel focuses on how humans behave in organizations, and, in turn, how those organizations shape them, but his emphasis is on the human condition as a whole, and he cites "experts" as diverse as Freud and Heidegger throughout the text. Hummel uses citations similar to those found in scholarly articles and books, but his writing includes more anecdotes than would typically be found in a strictly scholarly approach to the topic. At the same time, he has provided the research to support his ideas, and has done so in a rigorous manner; these two apparently contradictory factors may have contribute to a lack of acceptance of the work in either popular or scholastic circles. Hummel presents five different themes: modernity, bureau.."

From the Paper
"WEBER?S BUREAUCRATIC MODEL & CONTEMPORARY HEALTH CARE
Introduction
This research assesses Max Weber's bureaucratic model within the context of its applicability within contemporary health care organizations. A critique of Weber's model is presented, along with an assessment of the model in relation to contemporary health care organizations.

An Assessment of Weber's Bureaucratic Model
Max Weber (1947) identified seven characteristics that define a bureaucracy. These seven characteristics are as follows:
1. A bureaucracy is an entity characterized by continuous official functions that are bound by prescribed rules. Standard operating procedures cause activities to be performed.."

Abstract
The paper reviews the situation in sub-Saharan Africa, Bangladesh and illustrates the consequences of bureaucratic corruption. The paper shows how this results in poverty and in the growth of the country's economy being greatly deterred. The paper concludes that a bureaucratic system that is not corrupt has much to offer a country, while a corrupt bureaucracy drains the country of growth potential and hope.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Sub-Saharan Africa Bureaucratic Corruption
Blackburn and Forgues-Puccio
Results of Bureaucratic Corruption in Bangladesh
Empirical Studies
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"In the Nigerian Village Square article entitled: "The Effects of Bureaucratic Corruption on Economic Development: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa" examined are "the incidence and causes of bureaucratic corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa" and the results or consequences on "economic development" in that area of Africa. Stated to be results of that corruption are "underdeveloped human and natural resources, extremely low levels of productivity, inability to attract and sustain direct foreign investment, continuous mismatch of capital and needs, and deplorable infrastructures. (Klitgaard, 1990; as cited by Ifediora, 2005)"

Tags:corruption, growth, potential

Abstract
This paper covers the use of functionalism in sociology, and relates that it is amongst the most widely-used tools in the field. The paper explains how it is is a rational/functional approach, which addresses the reasons for social structures and their usefulness in the 'real' world. The paper focuses on the study of bureaucratic conduct and looks at a new method of sociological functionalism, microeconomics, which can use transactional analysis and needs fulfillment in order to outline the reasons why bureaucrats behave as they do.

From the Paper
"This paper covers the use of functionalism in sociology, which is amongst the most widely-used tools in the field (Coleman). This is a rational/functional approach, which addresses the reasons for social structures and their usefulness in the `real' world. Although many topics can be chosen, this author focuses on the study of bureaucratic conduct. There are a number of valuable approaches to understand how bureaucrats work, think and associate, and the functional reasons for their association. A newer method of sociological..."

Tags:sociology, methods, research

Abstract
This paper argues that Weber understood the threat posed by bureaucratic power much better than Wilson. This is because he perceived the damage that bureaucratization would do to the democratic process. Individualism and true democratic choice would have to be sacrificed in a society that worshipped the mass organization.

Abstract
This paper reports that even though bureaucracy gives an impression of governmental departments like taxation, and welfare, it is actually found in almost every public spheres. Corporations, churches, the military, labor and trade unions, community centers, schools, hospitals all are essentially facilitated by certain bureaucratic components. Most people take them as important part of their lives, though not readily. However the best part of bureaucracy is that it provides a set of rules and procedures to set everything running in a proper order, transparently, and also ensures consistency and fairness acceptable to all. This paper focuses on evaluating the organizational and power structures while emphasizing the need for refurbishing Human Service Organization in Australia on the lines of bureaucratic organizations.

Introduction
Background
The Bureaucracy - Pros and Cons
The Power
Bureaucracy Concerns
Components of an Organization
Restructuring and Reengineering
Conclusion

From the Paper
"One of the major administrative foundations for the creation of bureaucracy is the exception principle. Therein only important and complex problems reach the higher ups while trivial routine issues are solved by the people in the lower levels. Programmed decisions are implemented automatically in accordance with the predefined operating procedures and the unusual problems requiring major decisions are routed to the top. This should make the hierarchy more effective. However there are problems related to the delegation and motivation in bureaucracy; delegating authority and power is not an easy task. It requires immense confidence in sub-ordinates and an immaculate efficacy of the system."

Tags:hierarchical, structure, organization, power, control, manager

Abstract
This paper identifies the criteria of bureaucratic politics in respect to the current presidential administration and the politics of timber and oil harvesting, where the past business connections of George W. Bush and his cabinet reflect bureaucratic politics rather than policy created for the benefit of the general public

Abstract
This paper is based on Hannah Arendt?s "Eichmann in Jerusalem". It discusses two views of the Holocaust: one that the perpetrators were Germans nurtured on a centuries old anti-Semitism tradition; and another that the perpetrators were ordinary people, caught up in a bureaucratized system of annihilation that encouraged unthinking complicity that made this evil seem banal or ordinary because everyone was going along with it. That these two views are easily reconciled is the thesis of the paper. Elie Wiesel?s "Night" and Michael Dobkowski?s "Genocide and The Modern Age" are used to supplement discussion of Arendt?s treatment of the trial of Adolf Eichmann.

From the Paper
"It is true that the Holocaust was perpetrated by Germans with a long history of pervasive inhumane anti-Semitic views. It is also valid to say that the Holocaust was facilitated by banal acceptance of a bureaucratized system of annihilation. With centuries of hatred, and barbarous treatment of Jews as precedent, it was easy for the Germans to move on to state sanctioned systematized slaughter. Those whose upbringing had taught them to hate Jews, might move quickly into positions of power in the Third Reich. Others who weren't capable of thinking for themselves, saw everyone else, including those they respected and admired supporting Hitler's answers to the Jewish question. A long tradition of anti-Semitism joined with unthinking complicity to escalate the banality of evil. As evil progressed through stages of classification, ghettoization, deportation, and concentration to eradication, it was just another step in the progression of dehumanization for those who had forgotten the unity of the human community."

Tags:camps, concentration, extermination, genocide, hitler, holocaust, nazis, night, trial, wiesel