Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the Bunker Hill Monument in Boston, its history, original designer Horatio Greenough and eventual designer Solomon Willard. Further, the writer looks at the delay in finishing the monument, and what it represents today. Annotated bibliography included.

From the Paper
"Bunker Hill Monument Boston had a strategic vantage point in the developing history of the United States. From its founding as the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Boston has been at the heart of impacting historical events such as the American Revolution the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill and the midnight ride of Paul Revere Boston Massachusetts. It is the site not only of historic events but of memorials that commemorate them one of which is the Bunker Hill Monument. This monument recalls the Battle ..."

Tags:Bunker Hill, monument, Daniel Webster, Horatio Greenough, Solomon Willard, Chicken Little, annotated bibliography

Abstract
The paper analyzes how Alex, a character in "Little Boy Blue" by Edward Bunker, represents an example of how social institutions criminalize young boys into juvenile delinquents. The writer argues that the corruption of foster homes and Juvenile Hall represents the institutionalizing process. In this manner, Alex is not merely mimicking other young boys through Labeling Theory, but is being manipulated through the tenants of Merton's Strain Theory in causal deviant behavior.

From the Paper
"This essay will examine the role of Strain Theory within the format of juvenile delinquency that arises within the novel Little Boy Blue by Edward Bunker. In this sociological perspective, Merton's Strain Theory defines how Alex Hammond becomes "institutionalized" within a segregated and racist system, which acts as a cause to his latter criminal behaviors in the novel. In essence, Strain Theory adequately explains the role of Merton's philosophy that unequal means are allocated "equal goals" in demonstrating why Alex is slowly corrupted by the social institutions in Bunker's novel. The first part of Little Boy Blue depicts Alex being manipulated by social institutions that he must invariably grow up within."

Tags:criminal, merton, lombroso

Abstract
This paper examines how there was a certain inevitability about the American victory in the war against the British. It shows how it was a war of ideas based on natural rights philosophy and how the people wanted to change the world of lords and kings and were not going to give up. It looks at how the colonial militia had spirit and fortitude, and with their new war tactics, they held their own against the red coats. It discusses how the British themselves faced many practical difficulties. It analyzes how the Americans' moves were designed and coordinated, while poor communication and indecisiveness hindered the planning of the British. It also discusses the campaign of 1777, the Battle of Bunker Hill and the defeat at York Town.

From the Paper
"Even though the American army was small compared to the British, but their military tactics and skills were excellent. The British firing techniques were also not effective. The commanders lined up their troops in lines, one line in front of the other. Then, the British soldiers fired, knelt down, and then reloaded their weapons. While the British were standing in the open, the Americans used guerrilla tactics and fired upon the redcoats while using the trees as protection. Almost defenseless to this American technique, the British lost many soldiers. The Americans knew how to fight effectively with their limited troops. Prussian soldier Steuben's training program was designed to equip American troops to fight in European fashion with modifications to provide for the increased use of light infantry."

Tags:1777, bunker, campaign, defeat, french, general, hill, howe, yorktown

Abstract
This paper explains that, in contemporary American society, the use of images to learn history has been under-valued as exemplified by the relative under-appreciation for the art of John Trumbull, an American painter, architect and author, whose paintings of major episodes in the U.S. War of Independence form a unique record of that conflict's events and participants. The author points out that Trumbull's most famous work is his documentary painting, "The Declaration of Independence", finished in 1836, which is a familiar image in American popular iconography. The paper describes in detail the paintings "Declaration of Independence", "The Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown" and "The Battle of Bunker's Hill"; each of these paintings realistically depicts not only the scenes but also the historically correct portraiture of the participants.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Biography Information
Early life
Painting Career
"The Declaration of Independence"
Avenues of Fame
Misnaming
Description of Painting
Portraiture
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
Benjamin Franklin
Members of Congress
Actual Scene
"Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown"
Description of Painting
Portraitures
Cornwallis
O'Hara
General Lincoln
Actual Scene
"The Battle of Bunker's Hill"
Description of Painting
Portraiture
General Putnam
British Officers
Howe
Clinton
Small
Pitcairn
Actual Scene
Conclusion

From the Paper
""The Battle of Bunker's Hill" is also among Trumbull's most famous paintings. This painting is composed of many figures in close combat, and the painting's organization lies along a sweeping diagonal. Moreover, the dramatic contrasts of light and shadow movingly culminate in the highlighted soldier dying in the arms of a comrade.This was the first of Trumbull's Revolutionary War masterpieces to be finished, and it was also painted in the studio of Benjamin West in London. It was completed in March 1786, although the origin of the portraiture in this painting is less known than that of the two aforementioned Revolutionary War paintings. For example, it is unknown where Trumbull obtained the likeness of General Warren, although it is probable that he copied a portrait by Copley."

Tags:record, documentary, scenes, portraiture, under-valued

Abstract
This paper discusses the urban development in downtown Los Angeles, particularly in the Bunker Hill and Broadway/Main/Spring/Hill/Area. The case is made that while development definitely makes these areas better by cleaning the streets of crime and filth, it also is geared towards a cultural change which shuts out lower income members of society.

From the Paper
"Downtown Los Angeles is a diverse area. There are contrasting neighborhoods which vary from block to block. Many of these neighborhoods have gone through or are in the midst of going through major transitions. One such neighborhood is Bunker Hill. The area was once full of Victorian homes in its golden age. In the 1960s through the 1980s, it became quite..."

Tags:downtown, l.a., planning

Abstract
The paper discusses Gehry's highly original design that brought new materials to bear in a building that rapidly came to represent the city throughout the world. The paper relates that anyone living in Los Angeles and familiar with the new Disney Hall on Bunker Hill has a sense of the structure in Bilbao, for Gehry made use of the same sense of organic form and the use of a shiny metal shell for the exterior for both structures.

From the Paper
"The reputation of Frank Gehry increased greatly around the world with the opening of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain. Gehry's highly original design brought new materials to bear in a building that rapidly came to represent the city throughout the world, and for the small city of Bilbao, the design helped revitalize the town. Anyone living in Los Angeles and familiar with the new Disney Hall on Bunker Hill has a sense of the structure in Bilbao, for Gehry made use of the same sense of organic form and the use of a shiny metal shell for the exterior for both structures. The purpose of the structure is to house a major art collection, and the building itself in this case is a work of art that is quite daring in..."

Tags:gehry, guggenheim, bilbao

Abstract
This paper explains the concept of syndication and looks at its impact on actors, television audiences, and the industry as a whole. It discusses how syndication can also revive interest in a defunct show that never found its audience by giving it a new time slot and lease on life. The writer states that it can sustain the revenue of a faltering actor who gave his or her "best years" to America in a particularly beloved and culturally seminal role, like Archie Bunker, but, ultimately, syndication is the art of repetition, rather than the creation of what is new.

From the Paper
"The most recent hit television show to come to an end was the popular NBC sitcom "Friends". The show was one of the last mainstays of NBC's long-standing but faltering "Must See TV" Thursday lineup. This lineup used to include "Seinfield" but has now dwindled to a faltering "ER" and little else, a show that is also syndicated and likely to end soon, given its declining number of viewers. What was so interesting, however, in terms of the death of "Friends" as a cultural mainstay, was not the loss of this rather pedestrian sitcom, but the fact that even more than the content of the final episode, the question in the media was often how much would the actors receive for their performance in the show, and how much was the undisclosed amount they would receive when all of the episodes entered syndication. The show's presence, through syndication, had become so ubiquitous, that there were more questions about the revenue of the actors than of the show's termination itself. After all, no one could miss "Friends"--it would still be on, in recycled form, night after night."

Tags:friends, television, audience, actor, time, slot

Abstract
This paper focuses on Boston's Big Dig Project, one of the most expensive and controversial highway projects in the United States. The paper explains that this large project rerouted the Central Artery (Interstate 93), the main highway running through Boston, into a 3.5 mile tunnel under the city, and included the construction of the Ted Williams Tunnel, the Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge, and the Rose Kennedy Greenway in the space vacated by the previous I-93 elevated roadway. The paper notes that the project resulted in commitments of over $7 billion in private investment, including 7700 housing units, 10 million square feet of commercial space and 2600 hotel rooms, supporting 43,000 more jobs in Boston. Finally, the paper refers to the study's conclusion, which indicates that it will take years before the full impact of the project on travelers, access, and the economy is fully measurable, but the results to date are very positive.

From the Paper
"The economic plan for the project called for improvement of the traffic flow in the Central City, better access to the underutilized South Boston Seaport area, and improved urban design and quality of life in areas that had been cut off or overshadowed by the elevated highway structure.
"The excavation, tunneling, and road and bridge project is as wide as an interstate highway, and was built through unstable landfill, nine railroad tracks, glass and steel office towers, and many fragile, older brick buildings. Above all, it was built without destroying historical buildings or disrupting the city's business."

Tags:Zakim, Greenway, tunnel, interstate, 93, construction

Abstract
Rudolph W. Giuliani, former Mayor of New York City, began 2001 in relative national obscurity and was deemed by many to be a mediocre mayor at best. But, by the end of the year, in the wake of 9/11, Rudy Giuliani became a national hero. Giuliani was given an opportunity to demonstrate resolve, inner-strength, courage, and dedication to his cause and country in rare fashion. It was his steady gaze and reassuring voice that carried the day; much more so than President Bush's visibly shaken, uncertain, even frightened flight from city to city in the wake of the attacks. While our President was hiding in bunkers and on airplanes, Giuliani was at "Ground Zero", making himself useful in a direct and incredibly effective manner. There was no pretense, no fear, just a great man who had never had the opportunity to demonstrate that fact of himself. Leadership, true leadership, has inherent qualities that cannot simply be tried on. It is the purpose of this paper to examine the leadership qualities of Rudolph W. Giuliani and to demonstrate that his is an assured political future.

Tags:giuliani, and, leadership

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that "All in the Family" radically transformed the role of television to a form of study on society's views of race, ethnicity, gender and social class as well as a host of other previously taboo political issues such as gun control, homosexuality and rape. Even so, the writer notes that some debate whether or not the show really fostered a more positive view of diversity and multiculturalism. Despite the different points of views about the social merits of the show, the writer maintains that practically everyone can agree that 'All in the Family' was the first television show to openly deal with prejudice and that it opened the door for future shows to include real-world social concerns. The writer concludes that for this reason alone, 'All in the Family' should be viewed as one of the greatest innovations in television shows for advancing diversity and multiculturalism.

From the Paper
"The Bunker's neighbors were George and Louise Jefferson and their son Lionel. George was just as much a racist and a bigot as Archie, illustrating that these characteristics are not just confined to the white community. George popularized the disparaging term "honky" for a white person. The son Lionel and his friends Gloria and Michael frequently railed against social injustice to the dismay and contempt of their fathers. Most of show centered on arguments between the younger members and Archie. These generational differences in opinions showed how the passage of time was beginning to transform society with younger people becoming more accepting of minority groups and developing different ideals for social roles. However, older Americans were having a hard time adapting to these new realities."

Tags:prejudice, Archie, Bunker, social, groups