Abstract
A dialectical examination of the reasons that the Union lost the first battle of Bull Run in Virginia in 1861 at the beginning of the Civil War.

From the Paper
"It is tempting to see the victory of the Union in the Civil War as a foregone conclusion, given the historical benefit of hindsight. The Union's vast superiority in manpower and wartime materiel is so well known that it is difficult to conceive of anything except the complete vanquishment of the South by the North that ultimately occurred. Yet, the attack on Ft. Sumter, Virginia, which marked the outbreak of hostilities by the Confederacy on the United States, was obviously a battle loss for the Union..."

Tags:Manassas, Civil War, Union, Bull Run, McDowell, Beauregard, Stonewall Jackson

Abstract
The writer relates that when appealing to people of his age group, advertisers are more likely to use "bull" rather than "cow" to sell their products. The writer reveals that advertisers see younger people as easily impressed and use "gobbledygook, euphemism, jargon, ambiguity, equivocation, circumlocution" to try to impress rather than express the validity of the product they are trying to sell (Kehl and Heidt 5).

From the Paper
"When appealing to people of my age group, advertisers are more likely to use "bull" rather than "cow" to sell their products. Advertisers see younger people as easily impressed and use "gobbledygook, euphemism, jargon, ambiguity, equivocation, circumlocution" to try to impress rather than express the validity of the product they are trying to sell (Kehl &...)"

Tags:advertising, marketing, cow & bull

Abstract
This paper critically evaluates and compares the performance of Red Bull and V. The paper describes and contrasts how each has built brand equity, and provides a strategy for the less successful brand to improve its performance in the marketplace.

Tags:red, bull, v

Abstract
This paper first supports the decision of the state-run Spanish television network in ending the tradition of broadcasting bull fighting and presents reason for this position. The paper then takes the opposite position in favor of bull fighting. In opposition argument, the paper identifies the type of fallacy and argument mistakes.

Table of Contents:
Against Bull Fighting
Response Paper Indicating Type of Fallacy and Argument: For Bull Fighting

From the Paper
"People who criticize bullfighting disrespect tradition and by discrediting customs, they hope to achieve globalization and the deletion of what is specific to each nation. (guilt by association) Perhaps my arguments are in vain since most protesters are American, and Americans do not know much about traditions. (hasty generalization) Also, I find it a bit ironic that a nation that was born only a few centuries ago can criticize Spain who was an immensely wealthy and advanced state at the time when America was being discovered. Moreover, the fact that America has virtually no authentic universal customs or traditions does not give it the right to criticize others for having a cultural background which they want to preserve. (personal attack)."

Tags:symbolism cruelty tradition, hasty generalization, foreigner

Abstract
The paper analyzes the two companies vying for domination of the energy drinks market, Red Bull and V, and compares their performance. The paper describes and contrasts how each company has built their brand equity and then shows how Red Bull has global market dominance and massive brand equity while V needs to improve its global performance. The paper concludes that embedding itself in popular culture will be critical to V's success in improving its brand performance.

Outline:
Introduction
Red Bull
V
Red Bull vs. V
Strategy for V to Improve Brand Performance

From the Paper
"Dietrich Mateschitz originally came up with the idea for his energy beverage in 1984, after traveling to Asia and discovering the popularity of energy drinks in some areas (A new market, 2007). Mateschitz brought several samples back to Austria and after three long years developed his own version involving both medical research and scientific testing (Brunnen, 2007).
"It was "this period (that) saw the birth of the product positioning 'Red Bull vitalizes body and mind' and the unique slogan 'Red Bull gives you wiings!'" (A new market, 2007). First launched in Austria, in 1992, it was then quickly rolled out throughout most of Europe. This was then followed by North and South America, Africa and then Australia. By 2002, more than one billion cans were being sold annually (Brunnen, 2007)"

Tags:market, domination, brand, equity

Abstract
This paper argues that bull-leaping was not an intentional act of human sacrifice, but rather a highly prestigious, overtly religious ritual undertaken by the Minoan elite. It describes bull-leaping as depicted in archaeological evidence, explores to what extent the practice could have resembled the artistic depictions of the act and analyses the danger and possibility of performing such a feat. The paper also considers the controversial evidence of "human sacrifice" at the Anemospilia temple; looks at the other violent sports practiced by the Minoans; emphasises the religious significance of bull-leaping and discusses the necessary skill of the bull-leapers themselves.

From the Paper
"That the Minoans practised human sacrifice was a possibility introduced following the grisly findings at the Anemospilia temple. Inside the temple ruins was, as Castleden1 (1990, 168-73) describes, the remains of a young man, with his legs tightly folded up, upon what appears to have been a sacrificial table. A long bronze blade was found beside him. The excavators, Y. Sakellarakis and E. Sapouna-Sakellaraki, proposed that the youth was sacrificed in order to avert the impending earthquake which destroyed the temple. Castleden not only maintains that human sacrifice was performed in this instance, he insists that it would have been an integral religious practise - enacted on many more occasions. He pushes the concept of the Minoans hidden 'shadow side' - mentioning several other examples."

Tags:Knossos, Minos, Bronze, Age, Goddess, Mycenaean, Anemospilia

Abstract
The paper discusses how the purpose of the film "Full Metal Jacket" is different than that of the film "Raging Bull." The paper explains that in "Full Metal Jacket" the creation of an atmosphere is essentially more important then the narrative or story itself, while in "Raging Bull" the narrative structure and the story of an individual's life is at the artistic center of concern. In this light, the paper highlights the differences between the films, such as the usage of background and support elements and different approaches to technical issues such as lighting, camera angles and editing.

Outline:
Introduction
Full Metal Jacket
Raging Bull

From the Paper
"An analysis of these two films reveals that there are obvious differences in terms of their usage of background and support elements, such as setting and decor, as well as different approaches to technical issues such as lighting and camera angles and editing. These aspects of cinematic art are inextricably related to the style of the director as well as to the aims and intentions of the film. In any successful film aspects such as setting and environment are artistically linked to the various thematic and ideological undercurrents in the film. Background and set for example can be as important as script and acting in conveying certain moment of insight and perception in a film like Full Metal Jacket, for example. Therefore various aspects such as scenic environment, decor and sound should be borne in mind. A comprehsive analysis of a film cannot neglect these aspects and they are often integral to the shape and narrative trajectory of the film as a whole."

Tags:narrative, structure, atmosphere, technical, issues, cinematic, art

Abstract
The writer explains that, in simple terms, a bull market occurs when there is a steady upward trend in the stocks almost across the board and a bear market is declared when there is a steady decline in stock values that lasts longer than short term. The paper explores how these markets are determined throughout the stock market's history. The paper concludes that having an understanding of the bear and bull markets is an essential ingredient to entering the stock market with confidence.

Outline:
Introduction
The Problem
What to Buy in a Bull Market
What to buy in a Bear Market
Conclusion

From the Paper
"When it comes to the stock market many Americans are confused about what it involves, how it works and what the different markets mean. Even those that invest their hard earned money into the stock market often turn to their broker for advice and leave it to that broker to handle it for them. Whether one is a serious investor, a hobbyist or planning on becoming a stock broker it is important to understand certain terms and elements about the market. One of the more interesting debates when it comes to the stock market is in deciding whether a bull or bear market has occurred. Analysts around the nation gather in front of historic records, examine current trends and with their most serious face pronounce a bull or bear market depending on how they have interpreted those elements."

Tags:Wall, Street, investors, broker, indexes, S&P, Dow, Jones, portfolio

Abstract
This document discusses Red Bull Energy Drink and how this product is being actively marketed through three marketing outlets: publicity, point of purchase, and television. According to this paper, their publicity method is closely associated with viral marketing principles for Red Bull and has been especially successful in establishing market buzz for Red Bull's product in all its markets.

From the Paper
"Red Bull energy drink has taken advantage of several innovative marketing techniques to keep it positioned within the growth phase of the product life cycle and product maturity is still many years off. Red Bull Energy Drink Red Bull is the world's largest energy drink company owning approximately 70% of that market, is privately owned, and has annual sales estimated in excess of $1 billion (Red, 2005). Since the company's main line of business is centered in one sector of the beverage industry, energy drinks, and almost exclusively confined to a single product, its flagship Red Bull Energy Drink, it must focus its current strategy on two key, inter-related areas: research and development (R&D) and marketing. "

Tags:promotion, marketing, analysis

Abstract
This paper discusses Red Bull's marketing strategy as it relates to new product development and research and development. Particularly it examines Red Bull's unique relationship with the alcoholic beverage industry and its viral marketing techniques within the establishments that sell and market alcoholic beverages associated with Red Bull's product.

From the Paper
"The beverage industry is largely an industry that lives or dies by identifying each next fad or trend and then developing a product to match that need. Red Bull is the world's largest energy drink company owning approximately 70% of that market, is privately owned, and has annual sales estimated in excess of $1 billion("Red"). Since the company's main line of business is centered in one sector of the beverage industry, energy drinks, and almost exclusively confined to a single product, its flagship Red Bull Energy Drink, it must focus its current strategy on two key, inter-related areas: research and development (R&D) and marketing."

Tags:research, development, viral