Abstract
This paper supplies a description of the role of the Ordnance Corps. It shows their importance and explains their specialty - responsibility for all explosives. It explains how this corps' expertise contributed to the success of the Allies winning the Second World War. It shows that the Battle of the Bulge was a turning point of the war and how this corps was extremely involved in its success.

From the Paper
"As we move into this new phase of warfare where anthrax is being mailed to civilians and we bomb Afghanistan daily we are reminded of past wars and battles that we have taken part in and come out the victor. The Battle of the Bulge is one of the most famous battles in history. It happened during World War II and the role the Ordnance Corps played in the battle-helped drive us to success."

Tags:war, explosive, battle, world, bulge, weapon

Abstract
This paper discusses the events of World War II, focusing on the Battle of the Bulge. The paper notes that the death toll in the Battle of the Bulge has been estimated at between 90,000 and 120,000 Germans killed, wounded or captured, and 75,752 Allied people killed, wounded, captured, or missing. The paper explains that Europe had been in a state of crisis ever since Hitler's attack on Poland in 1939; matters seemed to improve as the Allies entered the war and the Nazis encountered difficulties for the first time in the war. However, the paper acknowledges, Hitler would not quit so easily, and he decided to launch the Ardennes Offensive, also known as the Battle of the Bulge.

From the Paper
"The Allies had led an offensive campaign of great proportions against Germany on the 6th of June, 1944. The day in which The American, the British, and the Canadian armies landed on the shores of Normandy is known as D-Day. Hitler did not expect such an attack and he received a psychological blow when he saw that his dreams had been falling apart. France had not been the only place in which the Germans had encountered difficulties in 1944. In the east, the loss of the battle of Stalingrad in 1943 had been a foremost hit for the Germans. The Russians had been advancing and Hitler had feared that they would soon enter Germany."

Abstract
This paper discusses how the Battle of the Bulge (also known as the Ardennes Offensive) served as the final breaking point for Hitler's Third Reich. The paper describes the whole battle and looks at how, although ten of thousands of lives had been lost on both sides, the Battle of the Bulge was not to be despaired of, for it served as one of the greatest military engagements in the war in Europe which bought a quick and decisive end to the war and to the Third Reich.

From the Paper
"On December 19, 1944, General Eisenhower and his top field commanders met at Verdun, France in order to come up with a plan to stop the German advance. At this time, the American and Allied forces were experiencing massive breakthroughs--panzers were streaming all along the Allied lines and numerous German divisions were marching through a gap some thirty miles wide between St. Vith and Bastogne. In addition, German paratroopers were landing at a number of important crossroads with enemy commandos, disguised as American soldiers, infiltrating the American/Allied front lines, switching signs and relaying false coordinates to American officers. Once it was realized that there were Germans disguised as Americans hiding in their ranks, morale fell to an all-time low and paranoia began to set in. Eisenhower needed to act quickly to take back the initiative."

Tags:Hitler, Third, Reich, Ardennes, Offensive, Winston, Churchill

Abstract
The paper graphically describes the Battle of the Bulge that served as the final breaking point for Hitler's Third Reich. The paper relates that although tens of thousands of lives were lost on both sides, the Battle of the Bulge served as one of the greatest military engagements in the war in Europe.

From the Paper
"The war plan that eventually culminated in the Battle of the Bulge was first realized in the mind of Adolph Hitler, a plan conceived out of pure desperation sometime in July of 1944 and considered over and over by Hitler throughout the month of August. His greatest concern at the time were the war reports that kept filtering into his secret headquarters in Rastenburg in East Prussia, reports that detailed how the Allies were managing to infiltrate Germany from practically every direction. But for Adolph Hitler, these reports, despite their grim statistics, did not deter him from believing that the war could be reversed in the favor of Germany."

Tags:Hitler, Germany, Allies, Ardennes, Offensive, Blitzkrieg

Abstract
The paper discusses the issues regarding the enemy situation that General Oscar W. Koch had to face in his planning for the Sicily operation, Normandy invasion, and the Battle of the Bulge. The paper explains how the strength and disposition of enemy armor, artillery, and infantry units had to be determined, reinforcement potential had to be ascertained and planned for, and the quality of German commanders and units had to be calculated. The paper also discusses how other criteria had to be assessed as well, such as the terrain to be encountered and how the enemy might take advantage of it for defensive purposes, and the morale or lack thereof of enemy units, which is always a factor in warfare.

From the Paper
"There were many issues regarding the enemy situation that General Oscar W. Koch had to face in his planning for the Sicily operation, Normandy invasion, and the Battle of the Bulge. The strength and disposition of enemy armor, artillery, and infantry units had to be determined, reinforcement potential had to be ascertained and planned for, and the quality of German commanders and units had to be calculated. Other criteria had to be assessed as well, such as the terrain to be encountered..."

Tags:general, koch, g, 2

Abstract
This paper provides a discussion of the Ardennes Offensive during World War II, more commonly known as the "Battle of the Bulge." Strategy, leadership and operations associated with the operation Germans called "Watch on the Rhine" is provided for both Allied and Axis powers.

From the Paper
"The conflict during World War II known as the Ardennes Offensive to Americans and Operation Watch on the Rhine to Germans, is more commonly known as the Battle of the Bulge. A conflict that lasted from December to January, the Battle of the Bulge cost more than ... American lives, the costliest in terms of casualties of any conflict in WWII Battle. The Battle of the Bulge was the final major offensive of WWII by Nazi Germany. Hitler's planned goal for..."

Tags:Nazis, SS, Patton, Eisenhower, Montgomery, Hitler, casualties, military, supplies, troops, Army, Royal Air Force, combat

Abstract
This paper explains the effects, circumstances, causes and happenings of the Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Battle of the Ardennes. It also suggests what went wrong for the Germans and what mistakes Hitler made. Military tactics of both sides are analyzed - Germans and Allies.

From the Paper
"The Battle of the Bulge, which lasted from December 16, 1944 to January 25, 1945, was the largest battle of World War II in which the United States participated (Toland). Over a million men fought for their lives, countries and families. Although many a soldier dreamed of the day they could return to their families, many of them did not make it home. At the conclusion of the battle there were 81,000 American casualties including 23,554 captured and 19,000 killed. The British suffered 1,400 casualties, with only 200 killed. Also, the greatest number of all, there were 100,000 German soldiers killed, wounded or captured (Cole)."

Tags:allies, ardennes, army, battle, belgium, casualties, germans, hitler, ii, offensive, red, russian, war, world, wwii

Abstract
The paper examines the battle that became the turning point in World War Two, greatly aiding the efforts of the Allied forces to bring a quick and decisive end to the war and to the Third Reich. On December 16, 1944 the German army began their "Ardennes Offensive" in the Ardennes region of Belgium and Luxembourg. The "Battle of the Bulge", as it became known, is Adolph Hitler's "last stand" against the Allied forces. Hitler knew that if the Americans managed to penetrate the German front lines, it would signal the beginning of the end for the Third Reich. The paper takes the student through the history of the battle and how the Allied forces, though ill-prepared and utterly taken by surprise, managed to fight back to victory. This battle serves as one of the greatest military engagements in the war in Europe, and some historians compare it to the Battle of Gettysburg during the Civil War. It is also the worst battle, in terms of loss, to the American forces during World War II.

From the Paper
"According to John Kline, the biggest and most costly battle of World War II began on December 16, 1944 which the German army referred to as their Ardennes Offensive. On this eventful day, "the (American) 106th Infantry Division. . . were hit with full force" by the German army, and after three days of fighting, "two of the Regiments, the 422nd and 423rd, were surrounded" which forced the 424th Regiment to join the 112th Regiment, part of the 28th Infantry Division. And working together as a massive armed team, these regiments and divisions "countered the German attack (by) driving the Germans back through the same area where the 106th had been in position in mid December 1944." Thus, "this German offensive became known in the U.S. Forces journals as the Battle of the Bulge." "

Tags:allied, onslaught, forces, nazi, counteroffensive, manteuffel, battalions, ss, troops, fortification

Abstract
This paper assesses the enemy situation that General Oscar W. Koch had to face in his planning for the Sicily operation, Normandy invasion and the Battle of the Bulge. It looks at the strength and disposition of enemy armor, artillery and infantry units and discusses the reinforcement potential that had to be ascertained and planned for. The paper also discusses the quality of German commanders and units that had to be calculated. Finally, it looks briefly at the terrain to be encountered and how the enemy might take advantage of it for defensive purposes, as well as the morale or lack thereof of enemy units.

From the Paper
"General Koch also had to study and evaluate the terrain to be encountered during these operations in order to determine how the enemy might exploit it for defensive purposes, and he had to gather intelligence regarding the morale level of enemy units, which is always a factor in warfare. He performed well prior to and throughout Operations Husky and Overlord, but like most Allied intelligence personnel, he performed much less effectively prior to the Battle of the Bulge, when the Germans struck without warning through the Ardennes and inflicted heavy Allied casualties before being defeated by superior numbers and the intervention of the powerful Allied air forces once the weather improved."

Tags:Allied, defense, war, operation

Abstract
On Dec. 16, 1944, a strong German force broke the American front in the Belgian Ardennes sector. The paper looks tactically at this battle, which takes its name from the huge indentation the Germans made in the American lines before being propelled back in six weeks of desperate fighting. The writer looks at the impact this battle had on the final outcome of the war.

From the Paper
"Having made the decision, Hitler and his inner council decided several things. One, it should be made through the Ardennes. Two, the initial object would be the seizure of bridgeheads over the Meuse River between Liege and Namur. Three, Antwerp would be the ultimate objective (Cole 19). Many people think that Hitler was unstable by this time in the war. He would not listen to his advising commanders. An assassination attempt had been made on his life and this caused him to trust almost no one. Hitler's plan to retake Antwerp was irrational in that the German's would have no air support and the supplies that they would need were lacking. Also what Hitler expected to result from retaking Antwerp was irrational. The bond between the Allied powers might not have been strong, but they were definitely unified in one goal-destroying the German regime (Sargent)."

Tags:war, front, lines, supplies, Allies, force