This brief, yet concise, paper examines the lack of regulations and enforcement capabilities in Buenos Aires which are the main contributing factors in the high levels of air pollution in the city.
Abstract The writer of this paper describes the escalating air pollution problem in Buenos Aires, mostly due to the increase in poorly maintained automobiles that are permitted to operate. This paper examines the increase in mortality rates due to respiratory and circulatory diseases which are a direct result of declining air quality. This paper also discusses the various strategies that the government and environmental groups are considering instituting in the Argentinean capital, which include spot controlling of diesel vehicles as well as a training and awareness campaign.
Table of Contents:
Sources of Air Pollution In Buenos Aires
Emissions of Pollutants in Buenos Aires
Air Quality Monitoring in Buenos Aires
Conclusions
References
From the Paper "In 1988 estimated emissions of particulates were 68,000 tons per annum, stationary sources being responsible for 96% of emissions in the early eighties. These sources were given 5 years to comply with strict guidelines aimed at reducing emissions. The imposed reductions have been met by industry, however the particulate problem remains. Probably caused by the fleet of poorly maintained diesels. To resolve this problem several measures have been introduced including Spot control of diesel vehicles, certification of distributed diesel oils and a training and awareness campaign especially for truck, taxi and bus owners."
Abstract This paper relates that, in "San Manuel Bueno Martir", Miguel de Unamuno's utilization of time as a defining force in his novella is immediately apparent. The author points out that the most striking aspect of this thematic use of time is the power it exerts over the characters. The paper states that their perceptions beliefs and relationships with one another and with God are all shaped by time.
From the Paper "In analyzing how Miguel de Unamuno uses the element of time in "San Manuel Bueno, Martir", it is evident that the most striking aspect of his thematic use of time is the power it exerts over the characters. Their perceptions, their beliefs, and their relationships with one another and with God are all shaped by time. Unamuno's utilization of time as a defining force in his novella is immediately evident, for "San Manuel Bueno, Martir" begins in a setting that invokes comforting, timeless certainties. Set in traditional rural Spain in a "village community under the benevolent patriarchal leadership of a saintly Catholic priest," Unamuno's tale reveals universal truths that time can never erase."
Abstract This paper reviews Moya's work on the Spanish immigrant community that came to Buenos Aires during the 19th century and explains his motive for writing the book. The paper also discusses the central thesis in the book, Moya's analyses of the history of the immigrant community, and the strengths and weaknesses in the book.
From the Paper "According to Moya, statisically, Buenos Aires in South America had the third largest Spanish population in the world, after Madrid and Barcela in Spain. This surge in population occured after four million Spaniards immigrated to Buenos Aires in the 19th century. Moya suggests that methodologically, the large proportion of the Spanish population that immigrated to Barcelona was ignored by historians because these individuals were not seen as exotic in comparision to other immigrant communities in Argentina. While it is true that the nation as a whole experienced an increased rate of immigration during the 19th century, the Spanish immigrants were viewed in a uniquely complex way, in regards to their Hispanic heritage. They were poor and of working class, yet they spoke Spanish. They were of despised groups and professions, quite often, but they were seen as embodying the local heritage."
Abstract An essay which examines the internal conflict that paralyzes the female protagonist, Eveline, in the novel "Dubliners" by James Joyce, as she stands upon the event horizon of a new life, and a new set of possibilities. It shows that at this particular moment in her life, Eveline finds herself at a crossroads, considering whether or not she should leave her home and her abusive, alcoholic father in order to travel to a far away and exotic land to begin a new life, full of promise and hope.
From the Paper "In the end, these dramatic feelings and impulses were not suggestive of Eveline";s resolve to change her life, but instead, they were evidence of her desperate inward struggle to convince herself that she could be someone else. She was fighting for her life at that very moment, more passionately than she had ever fought before. But, as we have seen, she was struggling against the oppressive weight of her memories, her social responsibility, and her own self definition, all of which would work against her and work to sabotage any attempt she might make to seek happiness, a new life, and ultimately salvation."
From the Paper "South America's colonialist history resulted in major urban centers being developed, each with a rich and colorful history. The purpose of this paper will be to compare and contrast two of these cities: Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The discussion will include an overview of their founding and an analysis of how this affected each country's evolution. The roles of governmental authority and population mix will also be presented in light of how the two cities grew. Further, several urban traits of each, such as labor markets, commerce, and transportation will be analyzed and compared through the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro epitomize each of their countries's reputation. In an overall look, one can say that Buenos Aires and Argentina are almost exclusively a white man's..."
Abstract Analysis of book on female prostitution. Author's concept of the role of gender in Argentine political and economic history. Prostitution as an expression of gender roles. Issue of prostitution in relation to labor questions, gender problems, tourism, immigration, medicine, law, civil rights. The relationship between the family and prostitution. Women's roles in society.
From the Paper "Donna J. Guy, in Sex and Danger in Buenos Aires, states the purpose of her book immediately and explicitly:
This book is an attempt to integrate gender into Argentine political and economic history by examining the role and image of female prostitution in concepts of work, family, class and citizenship (1).
Guy's premise is that these categories are not distinct from one another, but in fact interrelate with and thereby shape one another. For example, "politics constructs gender and gender constructs politics" (1). What affects one piece of the puzzle of society affects all other pieces to various degrees. The issue of prostitution certainly has its appeal as a subject for social study (the author is a social historian), but on first glance it would appear to be a subject on the outskirts of social science."
Abstract James Joyce's "Eveline" is a story about the ways in which people try to connect to each other and the poor job that they generally make of the process. While Joyce seems at first to be trying to write a story about people attempting to communicate with each other, by the end of the story, what we are left with is an impression of the ways in which people are isolated from each. The paper explains that this isolation seems to arise because of the preconceptions that the characters have of what certain kind of people should be like. But it also arises as a result of the ways in which life's tragedies accumulate over time to create barriers between people that are impermeable even to far more genuine attempts to communicate than we see in this story.
From the Paper "Eveline's strong emotional connection to her mother is the most important emotional dynamic that we read about in this story: We sense a depth of love here that seems much deeper than that which Eveline feels towards her fianc?. We wonder if this is because the love between women in this world is always something that will be greater than the love between a man and a woman (because men and women are always essentially antagonists). Or it may be that Eveline's love for her mother seems far deeper because it was one based on a real and enduring relationship. Eveline's love for her fianc? seems much less based in reality but rather on an idealized belief in the importance of marriage and the goodness of men."
Abstract This paper first examines the societal, political and cultural factors in Argentina that coalesced to create a foundation upon which nationalism could blossom and then looks at how Alberto Williams' music helped inspire further feelings of nationalism amongst the citizens of Argentina. Consideration is also given to Argentinian art and its effects on nationalism.
From the Paper "Generally speaking, the term nationalism is used to describe a sense of identification which individuals within a society or culture share regarding their state of residence. Most countries are characterized by this identification to some degree or other and Argentina is no exception. However, if one considers the fact that Argentina has been an independent country since 1810, what is striking is how long a true sense of nationalism took to fully blossom (Douglas). Specific to the topic of this paper, Alberto Williams was not born until 1862. Furthermore, his music would not have been able to affect the listeners in his country until he reached adulthood and was able to actually compose it. Then one must consider that the music would have had to have been accepted by Argentine society and then disseminated across a wide enough area of the country where it could actually have any sort of influence."
Abstract This paper provides an overview of Eva "Evita" Peron's life. The author discusses how Eva spent her early years in abject poverty and as a misfit in Argentine society. The author also discusses how she, after a school play, decided to become an actress and trekked to Buenos Aires. While Eva struggled as an actress, her numerous lovers provided her with security and would eventually allow her to meet the Juan Peron, the up-and-coming military command who would eventually become president of Argentina. Eva eventually married Peron, and acting as First Lady, held a considerable amount of power, power which she used to benefit the poor and feminist concerns. While often compassionate, she despised (and was despised by) the upper classes and could be harsh toward dissidents. After her death by uterine cancer in 1952 at age 32, the country went into mourning.
Abstract This paper analyzes the sexual and marital lives of women in four major Latin American cities between the 17th and 19th centuries. By analyzing and comparing the experiences of women in Mexico City, Bahia, Buenos Aries and Lima, this paper shows that while there were certainly some differences in the intimate lives of the populations in these areas, there were more often vastly similar social norms and religious institutions which resulted in similar life experiences from one major city to another. Further, this paper discusses these differences and similarities in terms of their effects on the sexual and marital lives of the women in colonial Latin America.
From the Paper "Only women who were virgins when single, monogamous when married, and chaste when widowed were allowed legal discourse (Seed 1988). Sexual crimes such as concubinage, incest, bigamy, and abortion were often harshly punished when the offender were female (Seed 1988). Further, prostitution was illegal, as was adultery, and both were punishable by a loss of dowry and shares of community property, or imprisonment. In drastic cases, the husband was allowed to kill the woman (Seed 1988)."
