This paper analyzes the role of Bruno, the son, in the Italian neo-realist film, "The Bicycle Thief." It also explores the father-son relationship of Bruno and his father, Antonio, in its ethical dimensions.
Abstract In this paper, the author focuses on two scenes from "The Bicycle Thief:" The restaurant scene and the final scene in which Antonio attempts to steal a bicycle. By focusing on these scenes, Bruno's role in the film as an ethical counterpoint to Antonio is made clear.
From the Paper "In Victor de Sica's The Bicycle Thief (1948), the main character is Antonio, a working-class Italian living in Rome after the end of WWII and trying to support his family. However, equally important to the story is Antonio's son, Bruno. Throughout the film, there are many events, but it is through Bruno and the relationship between him and his father that they are given value and meaning. In some ways, de Sica uses Bruno as a ?barometer of the condition of Antonio's spirit as he pursues his agonizing search for the lost bicycle (http://www.enl.umassd.edu/InteractiveCourse/Ethompson/bicyclethieves.html).?"
Abstract This paper takes a look a the life of Giordano Bruno, who lived in Italy during the 16th century. The paper reports that he was trained as a priest, later left the Dominican order but was also a philosopher, an astronomer, and an oculist. He is famous mainly because the Catholic Church burned him at stake as a heretic for his radical ideas. According to the paper, for many he stands as the sufferer for the cause of free thought.
Abstract This paper compares the attitudes of philosophers Peter Winch and Bruno Latour to the study of the sciences - natural vs. social. Each philosopher published works on the topic and these are analyzed.
From the paper:
"What is natural and what is social in the sciences? Is there a divide between the two, where the natural sciences operate in the realm of objectivity, while the social sciences are a philosophic construction of man? There is a very old dispute in the social sciences about whether social inquiry is "natural" or not. Naturalists hold that the methods of the natural sciences should be used by social scientists, to explain and predict human behavior, just as we explain and predict phenomena like mass and velocity? Or is social inquiry a separate endeavor that is essentially interpretive and philosophical?"
From the Paper "The purpose of this paper is to discuss, analyze and critique the book, "Freud & Man's Soul" by Bruno Bettelheim.
This is a very interesting book, which is probably familiar to philosophers but not to medical practitioners of psychoanalysis. In this book, the author, Bruno Bettelheim, noted educator and child psychologist, discusses the humanistic side of Freud's teaching, which has not been available to Americans, (according to the author), because of the mistranslations which have been made of his works. Bettelheim believes that Freud's technique of psychoanalysis was never meant to be a medical treatment, but an investigation into our own souls (4). Freud believed that the soul of man could become aware of itself--not an easy undertaking--through his methods.
The author believes that the biggest shortcoming of the ... "
This paper looks at the book "The Children of the Dream" by Bruno Bettelheim. The book explores the topic of children growing up on kibbutzim in Israel.
Abstract Dr. Berkelium visited the kibbutzim in Israel during 1964, and reported on the state of children's development. The paper looks at the definition of a kibbutz and discusses the ways in which this system of living affected the lives of the children. The writer juxtaposes the work of Berkelium with a critical piece entitled "Children of the Kibbutz".
From the Paper "Methodologically, Dr. Bettelheim admits that the book displays severe weaknesses. Due to time constraints, he was able to visit only a very limited number of kibbutzim, spending most of his time at just one large institution. He was also unable to speak Hebrew, so that much of the material either had to be gathered through an interpreter or was delivered in the respondent's second language. However, despite all of these limitations, the reader does get a clear and detailed picture of kibbutz life for the younger generation, both the positive and negative aspects."
Abstract This paper will discuss Bruno Taut's 'The Glass Pavilion' of 1914 and Antonio Sant'Elia's 'Citta Nuova' of 1914. By discussing these great buildings, we can see how their creators envisioned the future of architecture.
Abstract In the second half of the twentieth century Bruno Bettelheim came to be known as an expert in the field of child psychology. This paper examines how before his suicide in 1990 he made groundbreaking strides in the treatment and understanding of emotionally disturbed and autistic children. It looks at how in his book, "The Informed Heart", which is part memoir and part analysis, Bettelheim takes a close look at what the psychological aspects of being a holocaust survivor as well as how they factored into the lives of those imprisoned.
Abstract This paper utilizes the criteria set forth in Bruno Bettelheim's "The Importance of Fairytales" to analyze a seventeenth century version of "Cinderella" in relation to the needs of society. It describes that folk tales present the complexities of human behavior and morality in simple black and white terms that are easily understood by children.
From the Paper "The fairy tale, or folk tale, has existed since the dawn of mankind and has been handed down from generation to generation for the pleasure and education of children in every culture and nation of the world. In modern times, however, the age-old oral tradition of storytelling has been replaced with mediums that are capable of reaching a far wider audience much faster, such as magazines, books, television shows and movies. This increased exposure, of society, to folk tales, and the inevitable evolvement of multiple versions (Cinderella, for example, is considered to exist in over 700 different versions around the world), has led many researchers, such as Stith Thompson, Toni Morrison and Bruno Bettelheim, to conduct examinations of the influence that folk tales exert on a child's views of themselves, and of their place within the world."
From the Paper "The purpose of this research is to examine whether the actual history of science regarding D.R. Scott's Cultural Significance of Accounts bears out Thomas S. Kuhn's thesis of the structure of scientific revolutions as following patterns of discovery, development of a paradigm, the emergence of anomalies producing crisis, and the development of new paradigms, all of which lead to a shift in the overall scientific world view. In addition, Scott's theory will be analyzed from the standpoint of Latour's theory of the black box as containing fundamental truth, to see whether Scott's views have the effect of either opening closed boxes to replace existing theory on one hand or constitute the emergence of an entirely new paradigm on the other. As appropriate, both scientific and what might be termed the extrascientific elements of prevailing culture will be cited, with a ..."
Abstract Examines the authoritative study on the syndrome of autism by Bettelheim. It provides a chapter to chapter analysis on the book and explains the way that Bettelheim describes the development of a child's personality. The contents of the book are discussed including the case histories, the method of analysis and Bettelheim's use of evidence.
From the Paper "Bettelheim gives many detailed descriptions of how the infant begins to become active and develop a rudimentary autonomy, both from a mutuality with the mother and his own sense of control over life experiences. He then describes the autistic position: "it is the conviction that one's own efforts have no power to influence the world, because of the earlier conviction that the world is insensitive to one's reactions" (46). This position is the one that he builds on and uses throughout the remainder of the book."
Tags: child, infant, personality, development, communication
Abstract On March 1, 1932, Charles Lindbergh, Jr., baby of the famous aviator Charles Lindbergh was kidnapped. The paper examines whether Bruno Richard Hauptmann did actually kidnap the Lindbergh baby and, if not, who did? The paper discusses some reasons why he might not have kidnapped him. These include the lack of sufficient evidence to prove him guilty and the anti-German sentiments during this time in history.
From the Paper ?The nation, along with the world, was shocked and deeply saddened to hear this news. Many wondered why someone would take the Lindbergh's baby and wanted to find the kidnapper and see him put to justice. On September 19, 1934, Bruno Richard Hauptmann was arrested after supposedly using part of the ransom money to make a purchase at a gas station. After six weeks in trial for what was later known as ?The Crime of the Century,? on February 14, 1935, Hauptmann was found guilty and sentenced to death (Linder, "The Hauptmann"?). Today, many people believe, as did many at the time of his execution, that he was innocent. Hauptmann was offered life imprisonment if he would confess to the crime, but he claimed he was innocent, even until he was executed ("The Lindbergh"Intrigue?). Some people say only an innocent man would not confess to save his life ("The Lindbergh Case"Intrigue?). Careless police work carried out on the scene of the crime caused the loss of what could have been significant evidence. Because of the loss of this evidence there is no way to lawfully sentence a suspect without having some feeling of xenophobia in the court. Therefore, Hauptmann was found guilty more because of anti-German sentiments in the interwar period than for legitimate standard of proof even when circumstantial evidence abounded in the court's decision."
Abstract The first part of this paper studies the literature examining hidden meanings, cultural norms and morals that are embedded in myths and fairy tales. The second part of the paper looks at how these meanings and cultural norms get imbued and reproduced in the minds of their audience ? primarily children.. In the third part, this paper looks at how psychologists like Bruno Bettelheim maintain that storytelling can serve a therapeutic value for the individual. Finally, the paper studies literature concerning how myths also serve an ideological purpose and, through critical appropriation, how these stories could also have a subversive value.
Storytelling Review of Literature
Cultural Meanings
Transmission of Cultural Norms
Therapeutic Uses of Fairy Tales
Fairy Tales as Ideology
Critical Appropriations
Conclusion
From the Paper "One aspect common to all cultures is the aspect of mythology. In The Power of Myth, Joseph Campbell (1988) defines a myth as "stories about gods" (22). These stories, however, serve two distinct functions. Myths serve to explain natural phenomena and help people to locate their place within the natural order. Myths also serve a sociological purpose, by linking a person to a particular social group."
Abstract This paper summarizes the book, "The Good Fella Tapes", by Philadelphia Inquirer reporter, George Anastasia. The paper touches on the important points that led to the decline in the Philadelphia Mob. Direct quotes are taken from the book.
From the Paper "Disloyalty, chaos, dim-witted -these words describe the Philadelphia Crime Family. This crime family has violated omertia, disregarded rispetto, and has been far from being a borgata. "The Goodfella Tapes", by George Anastasia (a reporter with the Philadelphia Inquirer and a veteran true crime journalist) takes his reader inside the world of the "most dysfunctional mob family in America" and provides details to the "rise of mob boss John Stanfa and the unprecedented federal investigation that brought him down"."
Abstract Fairy tales are rightly seen by many authors and critics, from Jung to Bruno Bettelheim, as repositories for archetypes and for vital social messages. Additionally, they must be seen as a literary genre by themselves, and elements, which may be seen archetypically, must also be taken in terms of their literary function. In this light, the paper studies the role of the forest in fairy tales, both as a reference to the archetype of the dark forest and as a social reference to the land outside civilization. The paper points out how the forest operates as a literary device to isolate the characters quickly from their familiar world by placing them into another realm. The paper examines various symbols of the forest in children's literature, including death and rebirth, subconscious and gender issues.
From the Paper "Entering the dark forest might be associated with entering puberty, or the coming knowledge of sexuality. One could most certainly make a reading of Little Red Cap in this way, where the wolf's predations take on a sexual nature. Likewise, stories such as the Frog Prince, in which the little princess ?put on her bonnet and clogs, and went out to take a walk by herself in a wood; and when she came to a cool spring of water, that rose in the midst of it, she sat herself down to rest a while,? (Grimm) could be read to imply an illicit transgression into the realm of adult sexuality. This is heightened by the way that the Princess drops her ball down a long hole and sends a little frog climbing down it after promising the feed him and sleep in a bed with him."
Abstract This paper examines how Southern California is dotted with several mountain ranges, including the San Gabriel, San Bernardino, San Jacinto, San Bruno, Santa Rosa, Cuyamaca, the Palomar Mountains, and even the Chocolate Mountains. It provides an overview of the ecosystems in these mountain ranges in general, with an emphasis on the San Gabriel mountain range in particular, what species are endangered within these ecosystems and why, followed by an assessment of what is being done to correct the problem and protect endangered species in these regions. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper "This southern California mountain range is something of a geographic interruption to the region, since they surge from the Sonoran desert at sea level to sub-alpine forest areas that are 10,800 feet above. The range ascends through more than six life zones: ?It's remarkable that there's so much wild land there surrounded by development on all sides,? reported Jay Watson, California/Nevada regional director for The Wilderness Society. "There are mountain lions, coyotes, bobcats, and endangered peninsular bighorn sheep, creatures sturdy enough to clamber up cliff faces, yet vulnerable to golf courses and housing tracts creeping up the foothills" (Sullivan-Brennan 2004:56). In addition, there are numerous reptiles in this system; for instance, there are three kinds of rattlesnakes, endangered desert tortoise, and the southern rubber boa."
