Abstract This paper analyses the similarities between Bone, the main character of "Bastard Out of Carolina" and Dorothy Allison, the author of the book. These two women undergone similar unpleasent experiences such as sexual abuse.
From the Paper "This is a novel in the southern setting of Greenville, South Carolina. The main characters are of the Boatwright family. These people see themselves as very strong, proud, and independent. Ruth Ann Boatwright, also known as ?Bone,? is the center of the story. This book sees her character grow from a helpless child, to a very mature teen. It would be difficult for anyone to rise above the poverty and lack of education in this town, but somehow Bone gets through it all. From the beginning, it seems like a formula for failure. Annie Boatwright was her mother, giving birth to Bone at just 15 years old. Bone will never know the identity of her biological father, making her the forbidden bastard child. Her mother re-marries to a man called ?Daddy Glen.? From yet another previous lover, Annie has a child named Reese. The story follows this disjointed family through various moves, quarrels, and deaths. It is not long before Daddy Glen starts to strongly resent Bone, and turns his resentment into anger and lust. The story swells to a point where the mother, Annie, must make a choice between her husband or daughter. Bone finds that her mother has deserted her in the end, and at the age of 12 she is left to be raised by an aunt. After being molested, raped, beaten, and finally deserted, she still has a great respect for her mother. This story shows a little girl's strength to rise above hatred and betrayal."
Abstract This papers addresses issues related to the punishment of child abusers, the first step of which is identifying the abusive parent. Factors that prevent this are outlined. The effects of violent and sexual abuse are discussed. Legal issues are raised.
From the Paper "A little boy is sitting on a park bench. He is covered with bruises. His mouth is swollen and his eyes are purplish-black. His arm is wrapped in a white cast. His eyes tell a message that many adults do not seem to hear to hear, "Help me! I cannot help myself. Can you please help me"?
"A little girl is sitting on her bed with her arms wrapped around her bear. She is crying because she knows what is coming next. Soon her father will be in to have her take care of his needs-the sexual needs he feels he has."
Abstract Focusing on the common yet dangerous injury regularly recieved in sporting matches - concussions. This paper describes the causes, treatment, symptoms, and the medical side of sports. It also looks at the sports causing the injuries, and how the sport causes them.
From the Paper "Head injuries are serious business. Anytime you are dealing with the brain, you want to take everything about the injury seriously and prepare for the worst. A concussion is defined as an injury to the brain, often resulting from a blow to the head, which can cause temporary disorientation, memory loss, or unconsciousness. These are also known as "closed head injuries"."
Abstract This paper critiques the words of the song "It's My Party" by Leslie Gore which depicts a woman of unknown age who is celebrating an important occasion in her life, only to find that the celebration is marred by the loss of her boyfriend. It discusses how the song portrays a woman in conflict, who has a lack of self, a bruised ego, and has some repressed feelings and emotions that allow her to become emotionally distraught by the behavior of others. It examines how she appears to be co-dependent and incapable of finding worth just in being with herself and how she needs validation from others. Only when she feels that another is in pain and that she has Johnny back, does she find equilibrium again.
From the Paper "Perhaps, she is employing an inverted look at her life. How can Johnny, her fantasy man be causing her such pain? She does not seem to be able to distinguish between fantasy and reality enough to realize that if indeed Johnny is real and this is her birthday party, then the pain is real. It is the reality of the moment and the event that is causing her pain, not the fantasy that she has created.
People make numerous transformations throughout their life and the individual epitomized in the lyrics of this song has not learned that life does not always provide immediate gratification. She indicates that she is wallowing in her pain by dancing alone, that she wants to be left alone and that only Johnny can make her happy."
Abstract This paper proposes a study to examine some of the literature developed on the interaction of segregation, discrimination and health. Its hypothesis is that segregation creates a life-long pattern of lowered resistance to both physical and mental health problems, even if the person has a positive attitude toward life and seems accepting of social conditions. It attempts to show that individuals who are most bruised by segregation in terms of self-esteem, are even more vulnerable, as are several categories of African-Americans, including rural blacks early in the century and African-Americans in more segregated locales.
Outline
Introduction
Literature Review
Methods
Results
Discussion
From the Paper "There are a number of studies in the literature looking at residential segregation in terms of health factors. For example, Jackson et al. (2000) reported on the relationship of residential segregation to all-cause mortality. Her research group used data from the National Longitudinal Mortality Study for analysis, concluding that minority residential segregation may indeed increase mortality risk for both black and white residents. They noted that after adjusting for family income, age-adjusted mortality risk increased with increasing minority residential segregation among blacks aged 25 to 44 years and non-blacks aged 45 to 64 years. They also noted, that for most age/race/gender groups, the highest and lowest mortality risks occurred in the highest and lowest categories of residential segregation. In other words, increased mortality rates were associated with increased segregation, while decreased mortality rates were associated with decreased segregation. It is important to remember that this is after adjustment for family income, which is one factor that might immediately come to mind as an explanation for these figures."
Abstract This paper explores the tragic social ailment of child abuse. It looks at its effects on the victims, the various forms it can take, the primary causes of child abuse, and the cycle of repetition often seen in child abuse. Also examined are some measures that could be taken to help reduce the number of child abuse incidents and how to intervene when child abuse is suspected.
From the Paper "The emotional environment of the family is critical to a growing child and their development, so a supportive, non-abusive parent reacting in a positive manner towards a child, will help not only the child get through the abusive situation and feelings of anxiety, depression and guilt; but in the case of physical spousal abuse, could give the supportive parent incentive to remove them both from the situation. When that occurs, it is important that the community and society in general are able to provide them with the resources and support in order to regain their lives."
Abstract This paper begins with a discussion of the different categories of child abuse, the emotional effects of child abuse, and some statistical information concerning child abuse. The importance of preventing child abuse is then discussed; it is followed by an outline of a study designed to investigate the efficacy of educational programs in preventing primary or secondary instances of child abuse.
From the Paper "Child abuse is widespread public health concern that deserves attention. Abused children experience several adverse effects, including physical, psychological and emotional effects, which can pervade into adulthood. There are four categories of abuse, which include physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, as well as neglect (Joughin, 2003). These various types of abuse result in different effects, with physical abuse and neglect causing the most detrimental physical effects, including death. The exact scope and severity of abuse remains to be completely understood (Trocme et al., 2003), and relatively few treatments and prevention measures have demonstrated success in the reduction of child abuse (Peterson et al., 2003). It is important to focus efforts on the development of effective prevention measures in regards to child abuse in order to reduce the number of children being maltreated, and thus reduce the number of individuals experiencing adverse physical, psychological, or emotional effects due to abuse."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed discussion about the internment camps for the Japanese that were set up and implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The internment of Japanese-Americans was drastic and shocking, but it was supported by the majority of non-Japanese Americans. It was a decision that left a bruise on the psyche of the nation, however. The writer explores the history leading up to the decision and the decision itself. The paper includes photographs and a timeline of events leading up to and including the internment camps.
From the Paper "He was considered one of the top military police officers in the nation at the time. He was largely responsible for making sure there was peace and order in the military areas of the nation, which included the military camps that the Japanese were being brought to. Gullion was considered an expert in legal affairs as well when it came to the actions of the military. He had serious concerns about the legal ability to lock up civilians who had done nothing wrong. He argued that the military could not get away with interfering in civilian lives."
Abstract The goal of this study is to refine our current understanding of how nutritional supplements can effect wound healing, in general, and pressure ulcers, in particular. This research paper will explore the healing rates of pressure ulcers in patients who have been given multivitamin supplements alone, multivitamin supplements with Arginine, or supplements of 500 mg Vitamin C BID and 50 mg zinc. This paper hypothesizes that healing rates of Stage II and III pressure ulcers are similar in patients receiving multivitamin supplements alone or patients receiving 500 mg Vitamin C BID and 50 mg zinc and improved in patients receiving arginine supplements.
Contents
Background
Pressure Ulcers and Wound Healing
Vitamin C
Zinc
Multivitamins
Arginine
Summary
From the Paper "Pressure ulcers are a common problem among patients in acute and long-term care facilities. Pressure ulcers can vary significantly in severity and condition. According to Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines, stage II pressure ulcers consist of "Partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis, dermis or both (e.g., abrasion, blister, or shallow crater)" (Folkedahl, Frantz & Goode). Stage III pressure ulcers consist of wounds that involve skin loss of full thickness that may extend to underlying fascia, but not through the fascia. Clinically, a stage III pressure ulcer presents as a deep crater that may or may not undermine adjacent tissue (Folkedahl, Frantz & Goode)."
Abstract Self-mutilation is any self-inflicted pain done to oneself without the intent of suicide, such as cutting oneself, causing bruises, gnawing at one's own flesh, hair pulling and/or hitting one's head. This paper discusses self-mutilation, the harms it causes, why people do it and what can be done to cure the problem. The paper includes a detailed outline.
From the Paper "The most important part of therapy is finding the root of the problem. Self-mutilation is caused by emotional distress that the person is unable to deal with. Even if one is taught how to suppress the urges to stop hurting oneself, if the root of the problem is not solved, the urges will never go away. Therapists help the adolescents learn how to deal with anxiety and depression. The adolescents are taught how to talk about their emotions so that they can convey themselves verbally without having to resort to pain."
Abstract This paper explains that the poetry of Dylan Thomas demands to be read aloud especially his poem "The Force that through the Green Fuse Drives the Flower" in which the Welsh force dominates every syllable and needs to be heard forcefully. The author points out that it is important to remember that Dylan lived during WW I and II and the Cold War; much of his poems seem to have a dark, almost wintry side to them, some of them dealing with the havoc of fire bombs,air raids and the bruised bodies of soldiers and civilians alike. The paper concludes that, although written generations ago, this poem still exerts a magnetism in its few, short lines: Even with all the hi-tech and modern machinery in the 21st century, man is still a slave to nature.
From the Paper "Even in this early youthful poem, there is a rage within the poet- a force that is angry and not at peace with Nature, resenting that factor of growing old, growing apart, having lovers leave and/or die. This can easily be seen in the two-time use of the adjective "crooked": first, the crooked rose, indicating a slow decay, and then the crooked worm, which tends to indicate the worms that invade one's mortal remains, even getting under and through the shroud, the sheet.
Thomas, the poet, mourns a dead lover, and, perhaps to soothe her as well as to be at one with what will happen to him one day, says "How at my sheet goes the same crooked worm." We cannot escape our fate of death and decay. It is all around us. It is an insurmountable force that impels us through life. Yes, we can stop of "smell the roses", but roses die before we do, and then, we await the following spring's revival, only to see the force of nature rob us of the presence and the smell of that new "green" rose, as well. It is in imagery that Thomas is forceful."
Abstract This paper looks at the most common genetic bleeding disorder von Willebrand disease, which affects roughly 3 percent of the world's population including all genders and races and which is determined by a gene on chromosome 12, although occasionally it occurs as a new mutation. It discusses how hemophilia is due to either a low level of one of the clotting factors, or a completely missing clotting factor, which essentially means that it takes a long time for the blood to clot after an accident or injury. It looks at how its major signs and symptoms are bleeding and bruising. The paper also examines treatment options such as replacement therapy, home-infusion therapy and the use of aminocaproic acid.
From the Paper "Hemophilia is due to either a low level of one of the clotting factors, or a clotting factor is completely missing, which essentially means that it takes a long time for the blood to clot after an accident or injury (Hemophilia 2006). The clotting process, also called blood coagulation, is the body's response to bleeding that keeps it from losing too much blood, which can be life threatening and/or cause damage to the internal organs (Hemophilia 2006). These clotting factors are proteins in the blood that work with platelets to help the blood to clot, thus when blood vessels are damaged, the clotting factors help the platelets adhere together to basically plug cuts and breaks at the injury site (Hemophilia 2006). "
Abstract The World Trade Organization is an organization that works to help its members attain and maintain fair trade practices on a global level. This paper looks at how in 1995 two of the world's most economically powerful nations came to blows over an anti-dumping issue. Japan believed the United States was at fault while the U.S. argued that Japan was wrong. It focuses on how the WTO tried to mediate the situation and how, although the U.S. and Japan made up, the WTO was left with bruises that are still healing.
Outline:
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Dispute Process
One Case
Conclusion
From the Paper "While the organization has been set and governed for the purpose of allowing fair trade practices among its members, as well as providing a worldwide voice for issues that the WTO members feel they need to speak up about, there are times in which the members will disagree with each other about fair trade. It is during these times that the WTO steps in and mediates those disagreements. This helps countries establish agreements and settle problems without resorting to war or serious embargos that can threaten to bring on a war between two or more nations."
Abstract This paper reviews a crisis campaign or over-arching strategy geared towards ensuring that Karma-Organic Food for Dogs can emerge in good condition from a bruising product recall, which has turned its industry upside down. The author identifies the groups that should be targeted by any marketing campaign in the grim aftermath of this recall. The paper points out that crisis planning involves reminding the public that the company is concerned about its consumers, quality, ethical business practices and making a product that can meet the most exacting quality standards. The author concludes that the best communication strategy is to accentuate the positive and the company's long and distinguished history of providing organic food at economical prices so that Karma-Organic Food for Dogs can emerge from this industry-wide crisis a winner.
From the Paper "Before going too far, it is important to discuss in some detail the entire recall crisis. To begin with, a quick glance at the Menu Foods recall website reveals that the list of recalled items has grown recently and that ChemNutra Wheat Gluten appears to be the main culprit responsible for the crisis. Furthermore, the website indicates that Menu Foods is taking (or was as of March, 2007) steps to divine the cause of the illnesses striking the pets of customers - the identification of the aforementioned ChemNutra Wheat Gluten (and the massive recall of food products) would seem to be the most significant step."
Abstract This paper describes the symptoms of three different patients that have possible blood disorders. The paper first describes the case of a four year old girl who is tired and pale on a regular basis and likely suffers from anemia. Next, the paper looks at a 5-year-old African-American male whose mother wants him screened for a "trait" she carries. The paper assumes this refers to sickle cell anemia which is more common in African-Americans. Finally, the paper describes a male patient who notices more bruising than usual and explains that this is probably a platelet disorder known as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, also referred to as the Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome.
From the Paper "Amy is a four year old girl who seems to be tired and pale on a regular basis. Her mother describes her as a picky eater, and the majority of her diet consists of pasta, bread, hot dogs, and artificial fruit drinks high in sugar. From the description of her symptoms and the way she eats, my first guess would be that Amy is suffering from a type of iron deficiency anemia. The body requires iron in order to produce red blood cells that carry oxygen from our lungs to every cell in our bodies. From the description of Amy's diet, it seems as though she is not eating enough foods with iron which could be the cause of her tiredness and pale complexion. General symptoms of anemia include pallor or deficiency of color, fatigue, dizziness, headaches, decreased exercise tolerance, rapid heartbeat and shortness of breath (Mulvihill, 2006)."
