Abstract This essay discusses broad nursing theory and mid-range theory. The specific theories that are used as examples are comfort theory (mid-range) and self care deficit theory (broad theory). The paper shows that both theories are constructive to nursing, but that mid-range theory allows experimentation and solid conclusions.
An important feature of the Mexican Revolution was its broad base of support. Revolution was brought about because, after more than 30 years in power, Porfirio Diaz succeeded in disenfranchising almost all socioeconomic groups who were not members of the
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, 1999, $ 47.95
Abstract "An important feature of the Mexican Revolution was its broad base of support. Revolution was brought about because, after more than 30 years in power, Porfirio Diaz succeeded in disenfranchising almost all socioeconomic groups who were not members of the power elite. Revolution occurs when individuals are pressed to the limits of their endurance
From the Paper "An important feature of the Mexican Revolution was its broad base of support. Revolution was brought about because, after more than 30 years in power, Porfirio Diaz succeeded in disenfranchising almost all socioeconomic groups who were not members of the power elite. Revolution occurs when individuals are pressed to the limits of their endurance; such a situation existed in Mexico under Diaz, which explains why so many segments of society risked personal safety to participate.
Diaz pandered to foreign influence to such an extent that being a Mexican became a disadvantage, particularly the more than ninety percent mixed breed Indian population. The government regarded itself as superior to the common people: "The government must be an aristocracy, an aristocracy of brains, technicians, wise and upright elders, scientists" (Brenner, 1971 ..."
Abstract This nutritional analysis is designed to provide the reader with a broad idea on what an analysis takes into consideration along with the effort put into it.
Tags: FOOD, DIET & NUTRITION, personal nutritional analysis
"This paper shall examine how communication break-downs lead to problems between employees. The paper examines the issue from a broad perspective and...
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, 2006, $ 62.95
Abstract This paper examines how communication break-downs lead to problems between employees. The paper examines the issue from a broad perspective and then looks at why such an issue is particularly pertinent to those interested in matters of organizational communication. From there, the paper looks at the factors which precipitate communication break-downs and offers a few straightforward solutions to the matter. Ultimately, communication mishaps will happen between employees within an organization, but strong organizations will have thoughtful policies and structures in place to reduce these occurrences as much as possible.
From the Paper "Problems in communication frequently lead to difficulties and disagreements between co-workers. Misunderstandings are often at the root of inter-office antagonisms and a professional environment which creates the pre-conditions for the aforementioned misunderstandings is an environment which clearly needs to re-assess its communication infrastructure. The following paper will explore organizational miscommunication within organizations and explain why this topic is so pertinent to any course devoted (at least in part) to organizational interaction. Moreover, this paper will delineate how communication problems within an organization occur and provide examples of organizational miscommunication. Finally, the paper will conclude with a solution to the problem which is certainly feasible for most if not all businesses and governmental departments. "
Abstract Talk shows involve complex and often calculated use of communication strategies in attempt to present topics and conflict situations, and to capture audiences. This paper evaluates verbal and non-verbal communication techniques, audience participation and authenticity, and the role of the host, in an analysis of a segment of an episode of The Jerry Springer Show, entitled "Backstabbin' Broads".
From the Paper "Textual genres usually have framing as a chief verbal communication strategy. Framing enables the addressee to convey topics systematically to an audience. Structural framing in talk shows enables the host to establish the topic or situation and subsequently introduce featured information or conflict stories, as well as guests or experts who are involved in, or have knowledge of, the framed subject matter (Lunt & Stenner, 2005, p.65). For example, Jerry Springer adopts the set routine where firstly, he reveals the theme of the episode (usually with a catchy and provocative title such as "Backstabbin' Broads"), then brings participants and their stories into the frame of talk in the order of complainant, the accused and supporter of the accused. The participants then confront each other (as depicted in the segment being analysed), and Jerry finally delivers a brief, sermon-like exposition of the episode's moral conclusions (Myers, 2001, pp.186-187). "
Tags: Backstabbin', Broads, verbal, non, audience, participation
Abstract This paper studies the magnitude of Western influence on the shape of human culture. The paper begins with the question of Aryan influence, with the author attempting to define the term Aryan. He rejects the Nazi identification of Aryan, choosing instead to define it broadly as peoples whose languages are derived from the Indo-European linguistic group. Even more broadly, the author equates Aryan with Western. Then the paper studies the influences of the Aryan -- aka the West -- on human culture. While the author finds the impact of Western ideas, philosophy and invention to be obviously great, he says that human culture is too broad to credit it all to the West. He points to writing, toolmaking, organized religion and political organization, urbanization, and monumental architecture, all of which derived from non-Aryan cultures.
From the Paper "Even if the wide-ranging influence of the Indo-Europeans is recognized, the cultures identified with them are not purely Indo-European, but were themselves influenced by pre-Indo-European cultures. For example, The Indo-Europeans in Persia were greatly influenced by the ancient Semitic cultures of Mesopotamia and Anatolia. Likewise, aspects of the more-ancient culture of Dravidian India were incorporated into the dominant Indo-European culture of the invaders from the north. So it is wrong to think that speakers of Indo-European languages can be credited with creating all of human culture."
Abstract This paper studies the magnitude of Western influence on the shape of human culture. The paper begins with the question of Aryan influence, with the author attempting to define the term Aryan. He rejects the Nazi identification of Aryan, choosing instead to define it broadly as peoples whose languages are derived from the Indo-European linguistic group. Even more broadly, the author equates Aryan with Western. Then the paper studies the influences of the Aryan -- aka the West -- on human culture. While the author finds the impact of Western ideas, philosophy and invention to be obviously great, he says that human culture is too broad to credit it all to the West. He points to writing, toolmaking, organized religion and political organization, urbanization, and monumental architecture, all of which derived from non-Aryan cultures.
From the Paper "Even if the wide-ranging influence of the Indo-Europeans is recognized, the cultures identified with them are not purely Indo-European, but were themselves influenced by pre-Indo-European cultures. For example, The Indo-Europeans in Persia were greatly influenced by the ancient Semitic cultures of Mesopotamia and Anatolia. Likewise, aspects of the more-ancient culture of Dravidian India were incorporated into the dominant Indo-European culture of the invaders from the north. So it is wrong to think that speakers of Indo-European languages can be credited with creating all of human culture."
Abstract This paper will address the difficulties inherent in defining and explaining an identity in relation to postmodern definitions. It is hoped that through using postmodern theory that the loose comprehension of an identity will be better clarified, as well as will provide a better understanding of the modern cognitions of "identity", both personal and broad in nature. This paper shall accomplish this goal in three steps. First, it shall define the term of "identity" as it will be used in this paper. Second, it shall apply this term to personal identities. Third, the definition of an identity will be applied to more broad social situations. All of these steps shall rely heavily on the postmodern theory as a foundation for references.
This paper is a review of John Rath's "The Viennese Revolution of 1848", which chronicles both sides of the Austrian-Hungarian revolution from its onset to its conclusion.
Abstract This paper explains that the Viennese Revolution of 1848 took place with the backdrop of liberal-conservative squabbling throughout Europe; poor living conditions and constant warring left the upper and middle classes wanting an end to the aristocratic regimes of most European nations and an increase in the people's liberties. The author points out that the original cause behind the revolution was the broad idea of liberalism, but,once the revolutionaries came into power, this broad idea took on different interpretations by different ethnic groups.The paper concludes that this polarization ultimately created problems for further unification of the revolutionaries and might have led to the final fall of Vienna.
From the Paper "The ruling regime was split on whether or not to make concessions. Metternich, Archduke Ludwig, and his cabinet were insistent that the revolutionaries be granted none of their demands, while other some of the archdukes that were more sympathetic to the cause were willing to grant reforms. The disagreements in the imperial government led to inactivity of government, and progress revolutionary activity by the liberal-leaning populace. Rath notes the proliferation of political and social calls for reform, ?As the populace became more and more agitated by the ever increasing reports of revolutionary disturbances, various liberal elements in Vienna summoned courage to demand reforms from the government, and many individuals and groups hastened to draft petitions, obtain signatures for them, and send them to the authorities.?"
Abstract This paper begins by giving a broad definition of the sociological term "multi-culturalism" before going on to explain the broad and diverse concept of "racism", where it stems from and what is actually meant by being racist. It continues with an assessment of whether racism today within British societies is indeed inevitable and therefore will never cease.
From the Paper "Ethnological writers, such as Gobineau of France and Amman of Germany taught and established false theories of "races being unnaturally unequal" (Ellis, 1915) because of craniological differences that affected a race's moral and intellectual capacity. Fear of Negroes and black inequality could be stemmed from this, as they presented a false "Negro type" that was circulated within the perfect white standard "to impress the rising generations against the blacks" (Ellis, 1915). Furthermore, the whole history of the slave trade must have indeed played an important part in the subsequent change in the attitudes of white societal members towards the blacks, as black people within their homeland were deemed "monstrous" acting out "animal like behaviour" "cannibalism" and practices of "sodonomy" (Parekh Report, 2001)."
This paper argues that Alvin Goldman's naturalized theory of knowledge, reliabilism, is more useful than the classical theory or "justified true belief".
Abstract This paper explains Alvin Goldman's reliabilism agrees with classical theory that knowledge must be a true belief and that its justification can be any mechanism, which produces a belief with a high degree of accuracy, but that justification must be a causality as the final necessary condition. The author stresses two comparative differences: (1) Goldman's theory is broad, consuming the classical definition and expanding it, which is naturally better at dealing with difficult cases because it has more possible explanations from which to choose, but (2) this broad interpretation does not necessarily make the definition better in terms of clarity. The paper, using two examples, the dolphin's echolocation ability and a person's blind sight, to highlight the difference in knowledge between reliabilism and the classical theorist, concludes that reliabilism is a better epistemic position because this definition of knowledge seems infinitely more practical in terms of explaining scientific discoveries.
From the Paper "There are many assumptions made about what can make beliefs and how we determine those believes to be true. For example, can animals have beliefs? What kind of thoughts count as a belief? Are subconscious decisions beliefs? Justification plays an even larger role in comparing these two models. Classical theorists define justification as a sound syllogism or inductively sound arguments. Edmund Gettier tries to argue that justified true belief is not sufficient for knowledge."
Tags: classic, epistemology, goldman, knowledge, reliablism, theory
Abstract Though theories of cultural hatreds or leader-driven mob politics are still broadly accepted, John Mueller and others have recently suggested that "ethnic wars" are not, in fact, cases of Hobbesian anarchy. Rather, they are caused by small numbers of ethnically ordered gangs fighting against a backdrop of cowed people who either participate in secondary ways, such as manning road blocks, for example, or simply "close the door and try not to hear." With this in mind, Mueller continues, the entire concept of broad-based "ethnic war" may be fundamentally misguided. This paper assesses the strengths and weaknesses of this new approach to "ethnic wars." It includes an explanation of the concept of ethnic war, a look at some other prominent theories, an analysis of what one might call the "armed thugs hypothesis" in context, and finally, a consideration of the implications for peacemaking, if indeed the world works in the manner that Mueller suggests. Although it is impossible to accept or dismiss any single theory wholesale, this paper at least compares competing ideas in attempt to find a hybrid explanation for the scourge of ethnic violence.
From the Paper "Large-scale protests are another oft-cited example of public hysteria. Nationalist rallies played in the western press may have given the false impression of a mobilized Serb populace, shouting slogans in unison. In reality, these mobs were provided with transportation to protest sites and often paid with food and liquor. Even then, despite police intimidation and state control over the media, the opposition managed to stage large protests of their own in Belgrade. Crowd noise is an incomplete measure of public opinion."
Abstract This paper explains that, since no broad norms on revenue recognition exist, there is a considerable gap between the broad conceptual guidance in the Financial Accounting Standard Board - FASB Concepts Statements and the exhaustive guidance in the authoritative literature. The author points out that more than 50% of the frauds in financial reporting among the U.S. public companies involve overstating the revenue. The paper stresses that, because users in this modern era want instantaneous data in formats which permit rapid access and analysis to assist in the better decisions; companies require trustworthy on-line, real-time reporting that is characterized by (i) dependable systems (ii) usual methods of disseminating information. (iii) corporate accountability, inclusive of management integrity and concrete enterprise risk management and (iv) comprehensible disclosures and information.
Table of Contents
Current Issues and Actions Related to Revenue Recognition
Working Norms for Recognition of Revenues
Definition of Revenues
Problems Related to Revenue Recognition
My Thoughts and Opinions
Control Environment
Matters Needing Special Consideration
From the Paper "As regards the items which must be included or excluded from the description of revenues, a consensus was made that - (i) a reporting body must not recognize revenues for the performance by third parties of its responsibility to work or extend services to customers in case those responsibilities are officially assumed by those third parties. (ii) In case of all other situations, a reporting body must recognize revenues for the performance by third parties of its responsibility to do work. (iii) Production will result in effecting a component of wide-ranging income. (iv) Non-reciprocal transfers received must not be excluded from revenues and must not be shown as a distinct line item in the income statement. (v) A reporting body must at the introductory stages measure its obligations for performance guarantees at their fair values and must recognize revenues as a result of their satisfactory performance or completion of those guarantees."
Abstract This paper defined managed care as the effort to coordinate, rationalize, and channel the use of services to achieve desired access, service and outcomes while controlling costs. It then explains that risk-based managed care are organizations which provide or contract to provide health care in broad/specified areas for a defined population for a fixed, prepaid price. Various strategies are used to control costs and this is accomplished by offering a broad range of services at least the areas of hospitalization, physician care, various types of ancillary care and/or medications. The paper explains the importance of presenting the benefits in advance, along with payments expected from the covered individual or member, so that the person can make an educated decision.
From the Paper "Health care expenses frequently are too expensive for the average individual to pay as they go, but are suitable for health insurance coverage. Managed care provides either the service directly or contracts to provide them. This differs from conventional health insurance, where the insurer would underwrite the coverage, but not become involved the delivery of services. Managed care providers take a financial risk for part or all of the cost of service. There are three levels of risk. First, full risk whereby the provider accepts all of the financial risk for providing services, as well as all profits and losses. Secondly, partial risks where the provider accepts a portion of the risk. Third, no direct risk to the provider, but receive incentives to control cost. The last one is found in various case-managed primary care arrangements."
Abstract This paper provides a broad depiction of the development of e-commerce, including several techniques to successfully implement such a program. The paper focuses specifically on methods of marketing and development. The paper concludes with a discussion on computer mediated environments (CME), and how companies can use this software to grow their business on the web.
Table of Contents:
Preface
Chapter 1:E-Commerce, Broadly Examined
Chapter 2: An E-Commerce Solution For Businesses
Chapter 3: Computer-Mediated Environments
References
From the Paper "Making business information available is one of the most important ways to serve the customers. But if one looks at serving the customer, one will find even more ways to use WWW technology. How about making forms available to pre-qualify for loans, or have one's staff do a search for that classic jazz record one's customer is looking for, without tying up one's staff on the phone to take down the information? Allow the customer to punch in sizes and check it against a database that tells him what color of jacket is available in one's store? All this can be done, simply and quickly, on the WWW."
