Abstract
This paper describes The Breakers mansion in Newport, Rhode Island. The paper relates that it was designed by Richard Morris Hunt in the style of an Italian Renaissance villa, and it was built by Cornelius Vanderbilt II in the late 19th Century. The paper includes a brief history of the Vanderbuilt family and also explains what the function of the mansion is today.

From the Paper
"The Breakers was built by Cornelius Vanderbilt II and was built in Newport because of the family's passion for yachting and the fact that Newport was the social pinnacle of America at the time. The first Vanderbilts in America were a family of Dutch farmers who migrated to America in the latter half of the century. They settled in New York originally known as New Netherland and not much is known about their early history."

Tags:Breakers, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Richard Morris Hunt

Abstract
This paper explains that the security problems of the Internet largely are due to the design structure of the Internet; there is no central hub to control information and thus no rules on regulation. The author believes the government finds itself incapable of passing any sort of control measures on the use of the Internet because the users have all the power to control or regulate user discipline. The paper stress that, to find and assess Internet security involving hackers and breakers-in, partnerships within the concerned industry must be formed, whereby, each partner helps the other in case of a breach in security.

From the Paper
"It was originally known as "Darpanet" and was a defense device to aid the Government in the eventuality of a nuclear war. The defense personnel used this Darpanet to communicate messages between the various Government networks. The later form of this type of communication came to be known as the "net" or the ?Internet.? Now there are more than 30 million users from all over the world, and there are more than 40 million sites on the Internet. From its humble beginning when the connection was given to universities in America, to the present day when connections are given to small businesses, to Internet Service Providers, and to individual users, the Internet has indeed come a long way. The Internet can now be accessed by any number of users, both private and public, and the service is offered by a large number of Internet providers."

Tags:hackers, university, government, partnerships, crime

Abstract
This paper explains that the descriptions about the construction of America in William Byrd's journal "The History of the Dividing Line" utilize humor, sarcasm and literary creativity to develop a picture of the two castes of people that Byrd lived and labored with as a land breaker in the Virginia colonies. In particular, the paper analyzes five quoted segments from this narrative. The paper concludes that Byrd builds the case for sarcasm almost better than any other author and certainly better than most authors of his time, whose style frequently was ultra serious and ceremonial.

From the Paper
"In this simple dramatic narrative, which would likely have been made up of a great deal of hear say, one can see the comical picture of the Queen, turning green from the smoking of tobacco, which he comically describes as a "bewitching vegetable". The work goes on for many pages, after first describing, in a matter of fact and common manner, the ways in which each of the Virginia colonies under English jurisdiction were created and grew. The survey of the region, the dividing line between Virginia and North Carolina, to be sure, was never really meant to be the center of the work."

Tags:smoking, land breaker, mundane, class comedy, sarcasm

Abstract
The paper discusses the June 2, 1983 accident of Air Canada flight 797, in which 23 passengers died as a result of a fire soon after the plane made an emergency landing at the Cincinnati airport. The paper notes that this is considered to be one of the most significant disasters in aviation history as it led to important changes in fire safety design and procedures for passenger aircrafts. The paper gives an overview of what happened that led up to the emergency landing and the survival factors, as well as the National Transport Safety Board (NTSB) recommendations that resulted.

Outline:
Events Leading to the Emergency Landing
Survivability Factors
NTSB Recommendations

From the Paper
"Inside the Airplane during Descent: As the airplane descended, the smoke rapidly spread along the passenger cabin and entered the cockpit. The captain wore smoke goggles and his oxygen regulator during the descent and had no difficulty in breathing but he did experience difficulty in seeing the instruments due to the smoke-filled cockpit. During the descent, Flight 797 encountered clouds from FL 250 to about 3000 feet and the captain descended to 2000 feet to obtain VFR conditions."

Tags:circuit, breakers, distress, signal, instrument, landing, system, difficulty, breathing

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that cryptography was a very important element in the results of both World War I and II. The writer points out that while it has been used for centuries for a variety of purposes, cryptography in its currently known forms was first developed during the 17th century. In tracing the work of a variety of cryptographers, this paper shows each contribution during the world wars, and looks at how each success is used as a platform for future achievements in the field. The writer maintains that the pioneering work of the men and women mentioned here is instrumental in the current political climate, where intelligence gathering on terrorism is vitally important.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Fermat and Euler
Herbert O. Yardley, Pioneer during World War I
Agnes Meyer Driscoll
Decoding the Enigma

From the Paper
"Yardley's work here involved receiving encoded messages involving American government officials traveling abroad. He found his work in the Code Room thrilling, and resolved to be involved with cryptography throughout his life.
"With the outbreak of World War I in 1917, Yardley was 28 years old. He was put in charge of Military Intelligence, which required that he decode foreign messages. This was a significant point in American history, as the Intelligence Agency that Yardley set up was the first of its kind in the country. The Agency - MI-8 - proved invaluable to the country. For this, Yardley received the Distinguished Service Medal. Yardley's efforts were used as a springboard for further developments in cryptography during World War II."

Tags:messages, knowledge, code, breakers, decode