Abstract
The paper discusses the social learning theory and differential association theory, with empirical evidence for both. The paper offers views of various theorists, including Bandura and Braithwaite. The paper explores the connection to criminal justice and restorative justice.

From the Paper
"The following essay presents a description of social learning theory and differential association theory, along with empirical evidence for both. The role of structural variables to include social disorganization and anomie influences are discussed. Social Learning Theory: Social learning theory provides a focus on learning that occurs within a social context. Albert Bandura is the foremost promoter of this theory."

Tags:braithwaite, and, social, learning, theory

From the Paper
""To Sir, With Love" by E.R. Braithwaite is a novel about a black teacher in England who gets a class of misfits that have no interest in learning. In the novel's beginning, "Sir's" initial reaction in his new job is that of fear and uncertainty, because of the complex and unstructured nature of his job and his students. As the novel progresses, "Sir" must find out that to get the students to learn from him, he must learn from them in terms of their lifestyle. "Sir" wins his students' hearts and minds towards the novel's end, when they become respectful, responsible members of society. The novel is a testament of the undying devotion of the human spirit, in which "Sir" wins his students' respect by showing them what they learn is useful outside of the classroom, giving them more self-respect and confidence."

Tags:human, spirit, students, teaching, education, teacher

Abstract
This paper reviews the book, "To Sir, With Love," by E. R. Braithwaite. It examines the growth of the relationship between student and teacher through personal understanding of each other, which is the inspirational foundation of their education. The book promotes independent thinking and problem solving.

From the Paper
"As most relationships do, the relationships between Rick Braithwaite, the teacher, known as "Sir," and his students, changes from the beginning of this book to the end. At first, Sir is a little afraid of the students. The other teachers have told him they are difficult, "Ah, another lamb to the slaughter?" (15). "Don't take any guff from them, Ricky, or they'll give you hell" (56). He lets the students command his classroom, by slamming down the lids of their desks, disrupting the lessons, and making comments about him."

Tags:teacher, student, classroom, relationship, leadership, lesson

Abstract
This paper discusses Julian Barnes' novel, "Flaubert's Parrot," whose narrator and protagonist, Dr. Geoffrey Braithwaite, is trying to find out which of the parrots that were known to Flaubert may have been owned by him or inspired his novel "Un Coeur Simple." The writer examines Barnes' postmodern mode of biographical metafiction, and some of Barnes' themes, such as the unreliability of memory and recorded history, and the problems of literary criticism. By the end of the book, Braithwaite comes to accept the impossibility of ever knowing fully which bird, if any, actually sat on Flaubert's desk. The paper shows how he comes to this conclusion in part through his confessions about his wife's affairs. Through Braithwaite's attempts to solve the parrot mystery, Barnes allows the reader to recognize there is no solid truth about the past, and the paper concludes that the fact that at the end of the book there is no answer at all demonstrates that it is metafiction.

From the Paper
" Braithwaite explains the reason why he hates critics: His anger here seems to be about Dr. Enid Starkie, however "the irritation isn't with Dr. Starkie;" "but with Flaubert" (FP 81) as stated. Braithwaite is shocked by Dr. Starkie's claim that Flaubert was inconsistent in describing the eyes of Madame Bovary's protagonist. Starkie has claimed that the parrots are described as brown, black and blue. Braithwaite here notices another inconsistency by Flaubert: Emma Bovary's eyes had the quality of shifting colour. Braithwaite asserts that readers are usually unable to realize an author's small errors or inconsistencies; they rather focus on the overall effect of the work."

Tags:objectivity, dilemma, Loulou, critique, chronology, mystery, Camus, Sartre, subjective

Abstract
This paper examines how "Flaubert's Parrot" chronicles an amateur scholar's attempt to solve mysteries about his favorite author, nineteenth-century French novelist Gustave Flaubert. The paper discusses how the novel questions the reliability of biography along with the stability and definability of human identity and how it is alternately funny, sad, and encyclopedic. The paper concludes that the novel can be considered metafiction; fiction which departs from the norms of narrative and which is often concerned with the nature of fiction itself.

From the Paper
It is not surprising that in a novel about an individual's effort to make sense of an author's life, the author becomes an important character. Though he does not take part in the action, Flaubert's personality is considered and developed through the course of the novel. The book opens by presenting the author; in the opening scene Braithwaite stands considering his statue. By the book's conclusion, the reader knows much more about Flaubert than just his successes. Not only his failures but also his most embarrassing moments are narrated. The Flaubert Barnes creates as a character is certainly not exactly the same as the Flaubert that has lived. The Flaubert created by official biographers is not the same either. "

Tags:Geoffrey, Braithwaite, metafiction

Abstract
The paper looks at how "love" as a concept has been examined in many different forms as the novel itself has progressed over time. It examines how early English literature commonly portrayed the then stereotypical notion of the idealized or "courtly" lover and how more recent novels have expanded - and effectively recreated - the definition of love. In particular, it explores how this is evident in "Flaubert's Parrot" by Julian Barnes, "The Remains of the Day" by Kazuo Ishiguroand "Enduring Love" by Ian McEwan.

From the Paper
"The Remains of the Day is very much a tragic love story aggravated by the protagonist's continual repression of romantic sentiments. Blinded by unwavering devotion to his position as head butler of Darlington Hall, Stevens conceals his love for Miss Kenton despite an obvious attraction to her. As Shaffer asserts, "the butler clearly represses his sexual attraction to Miss Kenton, a woman with whom he works "at close quarters" during her maiden years" [(47) Shaffer 68-69]. When Stevens receives Miss Kenton's letter at the beginning of the novel and considers undertaking an excursion to meet her, he states, "I had become blind to the obvious" (5). Although Stevens is referring to the "faulty staff plan" (5) at Darlington Hall, these words allude to much more; although he covers his journey in the guise of a business trip, it soon becomes apparent that the main motivating factor is his love for Miss Kenton."

Tags:deception, delusion, braithwaite, stevens, jed