Abstract
This policy analysis and recommendation addresses the question of whether or not the Bradley Landfill in Sun Valley, California should be permitted to obtain approval for a potentially significant increase in landfill height and overall waste disposal capacity.

From the Paper
" sing the framework developed by David Easton, the various stakeholder positions are presented and analyzed. Relevant research is incorporated into an analysis of the options that are available at the present time. These options include permanently closing the Bradley Landfill, maintaining the status quo and refusing permission for..."

Tags:Bradley Landfill, environment, policy process

Abstract
This paper describes the life and important contributions of Tom Bradley, Los Angeles's first African-American mayor, and the longest serving mayor thus far in the United States. The paper points out that despite the fact that Bradley's grandfather was a slave in the American South, Bradley was able to rise to political power through close ties to his community in LA over the course of several decades. The paper shows how he remains an important local and national figure to this day.

From the Paper
"In 1973 Tom Bradley became Los Angeles' first African-American mayor. Born the grandson of a slave and the son of sharecroppers in 1917, Bradley's rise to the role of one of the first African-American mayors of such a large city in the United States was indeed remarkable (Colburn 25-26). Bradley had a long and detailed history as a resident, police officer, lawyer, and politician in the Los Angeles area before winning the mayoral seat in 1973. As is unfortunately still the case even in today's world of life and politics, Bradley's African-American heritage was a major point of political and personal contestation for the mayor, before and after he..."

Tags:bradley, los angeles, mayor

Abstract
On April 2, 2007, the City of Toronto acquired the Green Lane Landfill. The landfill was taken on in order to secure the city's long-term disposal requirements for future decades (City of Toronto, 2008). The landfill was also acquired as part of foresight, as the city's existing Michigan Landfill disposal contract is set to expire in 2010 or earlier (City of Toronto, 2008).

From the Paper
The Green Lane Landfill Introduction The present paper is an investigation into the Green Lane Landfill in the City of Toronto, and the risks associated with the facility. After researching the background on the landfill, the paper explores public and political uproar in response to the development, which indicate the wide array of risks involved in the project. The paper then examines in further detail the risks associated with Green Lane and ends by looking at alternative solutions to Toronto's waste problem. My personal conclusion is drawn that the Green Lane Landfill is not in the best interests of the

Tags:green, lane, landfill

Abstract
The paper answers some questions about two readings in African American studies, one about Tom Bradley, and the other about Rev. Jesse Jackson.

From the Paper
"Mann proposes that former Los Angeles mayor Tom Bradley's liberal supporters felt betrayed by his business-friendly solutions to urban problems that were often not in the best interest of the poorest residents. While Mann gives Bradley credit for improving Los Angeles, he says that the urban poor, especially poor people of color, were left behind. Mann cites Bradley's support of the MTA Red Line, a subway project that sapped much-needed funds from the overburdened L.A. bus system. Mann implies that Bradley catered to..."

Tags:Jesse Jackson, Tom Bradley, black studies, African American

Abstract
This paper explains that "Flags of Our Fathers" by Ron Powers and James Bradley is about the lives--- before, during and after the war--- of the men, who raised the famous Iwo Jima flag. Bradley is the son of one of these men. The paper relates that the book reports that Hayes, Gagnon and Bradley returned home as heroes but they were traumatized by the war. The paper also emphasizes the book's point that, although people may idealize war especially through photographs such as this one, in reality, these impressions are nothing but false.

From the Paper
"Life is full of unexpected episodes and one can see this when looking at James's decision to write "The Flags of Our Fathers." According to the author, his father hadn't talked much about the incidents that happened during the war, nor did he talk about the moments when he and his six companions became heroes. James apparently found some of his father's letters subsequent to John's death. He wanted the book to highlight the true moments that would make the six men heroes, and not the flag-raising picture."

Tags:speechless, surviving heroes, idealism government reputation

Abstract
This paper reviews the rhetorical instruments utilized during the presidential campaign of Bill Bradley in 1999. It particularly focuses on the usage of imagery and symbolism used in Bradley's announcement speech and throughout the campaign. The paper also provides specific examples of the variety and combination of persuasive tools employed to create the symbolic reality where Bradley's image is constructed.

Table of Contents:
The Image
The Usage of Cultural Premises: American Myths and Images
Symbolism: Metaphors and Enthymemes
Ethical Approach
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Former senator Bill Bradley announced his campaign for the Democrat nomination for President on September 8o1999 with a speech in his hometown Crystal City. The location of his announcement was particularly important in establishing the symbolism of this campaign. Bradley delivered his speech in front of the red-brick high school of his youth and spoke to a crowd of more than 2000 residents. He said he felt "an urgency to seize this moment in history, to strengthen the weak and to challenge the strong to lead us into our full greatness as nation". Bradley's selection of location to announce his candidacy and his rhetoric exemplifies the use of the myth of "the eternal return" in which "there was a time when things were perfect and harmonious" where "things could be shaped or molded as they were meant to be" (Larson, 1998, p. 218)."

Tags:American, candidacy, nomination

Abstract
This paper discusses the history and current use of the Fountain Avenue Landfill, which is located near Brooklyn, NY. First, the paper describes the author's interview with the chairman of the landfill in which he told of environmental concerns with the site, including seepage. Then the paper addresses the primary sources of waste for the landfill and a current reclamation project. Next, the paper examines the problems of leachate that are found in the landfill and how to manage it, including collection and treatment. The paper concludes with an exploration of plans for the future of the Fountain Avenue Landfill, which include acres of hiking trails, green spaces for unconstrained recreation, sports fields and wildlife conservatory.

Outline:

Facility Operations
Primary Source of Waste
Leachate Collection and Treatment
Challenges
Major Regulatory Issues
Plans for the Future

From the Paper
"I would have the opportunity upon visiting the site to speak with the foreman of the current reclamation project, who was armed with a considerable amount of experience and knowledge on the operation of the landfill. From its opening in the early 1950s, the landfill was paired with the adjacent Pennsylvania Avenue landfill, both of which were used for major solid waste disposal throughout the 20th century. The Fountain Avenue site is a 297 acre landscape that was initially overseen by the New York City Department of Sanitation and during the peak of its usage had grown to be seen as one of the largest landfills in the United States.
"Due to widespread concerns over the ecological damage caused by the landfill site, including trends of seepage into Jamaica Bay and a general enormity which had rendered it one of New York's primary examples of massive environmental blight, it had become the subject throughout the several decades of various proposal for closing and reopening. Indeed, the landfill had historically been decommissioned and returned to usage at various points in its history."

Tags:New York City Department of Sanitation, ecological damage, reclamation, leachate

Abstract
This paper reports that one way that builders are finding available land is by using places previously thought unsafe or unsuitable to build on, such as landfill sites. This paper explains that landfill sites can safely be used to build high-rise buildings, provided the density of the landfill, the size of the foundation pieces and the deepness of the foundation pilings are taken into consideration. The author points out that there have been no reported problems from the settling of the landfill site on which Battery Park City was built.

From the Paper
"First, it is important to understand what landfills are and why they are here. Landfills are areas where the city or other municipality has dumped discarded items such as debris and garbage. The city often dumps large items there, as well, and eventually the landfill reaches its capacity. Landfills are important because debris and garbage has to go somewhere, but many people remain concerned that landfills are dangerous, and that hazardous materials are being dumped into landfills, which could harm people in the future. When someone decides to build on a landfill site, as the one in Battery Park City, the question of stability comes up. After all, they are essentially building on garbage and debris, which seems likely to shift and move as it settles."

Tags:density, safe, foundation, pilings, stability

Abstract
The paper reviews literature on the subject of landfill covers and shows how conventional techniques are significantly flawed. The paper notes high implementation costs and leaks through the barriers. The paper looks at alternative landfill covers methods like evapotranspiration, geomembranes and anisotropic barriers that direct water away from the landfill site instead of through it. The paper shows how alternative systems are designed to work on a site-specific basis with the local environmental conditions.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Clearly, the issue of waste management in the United States and the world is a significant one. Waste continues to pile higher every year, and landfills are filling up faster than ever (Albright et al. 71). When a landfill reaches its designated capacity, it is sealed and covered. In the past, this has meant the use of rather conventional techniques. Usually, a landfill is lined with compacted clay before even one piece of garbage is dumped there. Then, when the landfill has been filled to capacity, the entire site is covered over. The purpose of all of this engineering is simple: reduce the environmental damage and impact of the site by lessening the degree to which pollutants and contaminants can leach from the site through the introduction of either groundwater or rain."

Tags:evapotranspiration, pollution, refuse, reclamation, water, clay

Abstract
This report examines landfill methods and techniques in the New York metropolitan Area, offering a comparison of landfill techniques in the area, an assessment of the chemical makeup of the most common wastes and the presence of heavy metals, their uses and dangers, and the issues related to cakes and pellets. An annotated bibliography of the most critical sources used in the report (along with unannotated sources of a less critical nature) are included.

From the Paper
"Cities and counties are often confronted with a major problem when it comes to dealing with their solid waste. On the one hand, they are feeling pressure to reduce the volume of waste going to landfills; on the other, building and operating landfills is an expensive proposition these days (American City and County, 1, p. 40). Waste managers are confronted with these conflicting pressures as well as a functional environment in which increasing regulation coupled with financial pressure to make waste management an increasingly difficult, complex, and even tension-laden task.
Nowhere in the United States is this set of problems more difficult than in the New York Metropolitan area. Peter L. Grogan (p. 75) recently reported that the City faces a serious waste disposal problem; it is expected that the major landfill which has served the area for many decades, the Fresh Kills landfill, will be closed soon, and no suitable land for new landfills in the area has been identified. Recycling to reduce landfill-bound wastes has been attempted, but few positive results have as yet been reported. Consequently, the New York City Metropolitan area faces significant challenges now and in the future in this regard."

Tags:metal, danger, environment, waste