Abstract
This paper reviews the book "Lives on the Boundary" by Mike Rose, which provides a unique picture of the struggles and achievements of students scholastically unprepared for university. The paper praises the book, which it says is written in an easy-to-read novel format that contains facts and figures about the large number of Americans trapped by functional illiteracy -- including Rose himself at one point in his life. According to the paper, the book has become required reading in most education programs, which attests to Rose's hard work, insights, superior writing skills and astute powers of observation.

From the Paper
"In examining the characters of this book one quickly finds the selected characters are typical of a cross section of American Youth. They come from our vast multi-culture democracy in all shapes, sizes, colors and ethnicity, and are truly representative of the Great American Middle Class. Their common problem of course is the inability to communicate effectively for various reasons not many of which are through faults of their own making. It is the vast and growing group of our Youth the school systems of their particular locations has failed miserably to prepare for life in this now complex global society wherein we all find ourselves. And, at the time of assembling this work it was much the pity as America was pushing away a huge pool of truly talented and gifted persons condemning them to lives on the lowest possible rungs of the socio-economic ladder where obviously they did not belong."

Tags:higher, education, reading, literacy, underclass, illiterate, minorities, UCLA, university, graduate

Abstract
The paper presents a study to compare families that have adopted pre-teens and teen-aged children with those who are still with their birth parents, in order to understand how generational boundaries develop. The paper outlines the research problem and relates the hypothesis that children from adoptive families will demonstrate a higher degree of parental or mate-like qualities than those who are still with their birth parents. The paper also presents the research design as well as a literature review on attachments, relationships and adoption. The paper contends that the study will contribute to an overall understanding of generational boundary dissolution and will play an important role in the development of future therapy techniques.

Outline:
The Research Problem
Literature Summary
Research Design
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Generational boundary dissolution presents as a crisis in many families. Generational boundaries are important for the development of the individual, within the framework of the family system. The area of generational boundaries is a relatively new concept in the field of family therapy. At this point, many of the techniques used are based on theory, rather than empirically tested ideals. Research into this area is young, presenting many avenues for exploration and research.
"Much of the research into generational boundaries is based on the two-parent family model (Madden-Derdich, Estrada, Ulloa, & Updegraff, et al., 2002). This research will utilize theory and methods developed to date, only it will apply it to a unique situation within the family structure. This research will utilize interactional analysis to examine generational boundary dissolution among families of adoptive children. The premise is based on the theory that parental boundaries are established early in life (Barber, 2001). By adolescence, these patterns are destined to have a dramatic impact on the development of adolescents."

Tags:adoption, attachment, parents, mate, relationship, intrusions, identity, development

Abstract
This paper discusses how the Alaskan Boundary dispute was a territorial dispute between the United States and Canada and how, at the time of the dispute, Canada was a dominion of the British Empire and its foreign affairs were controlled by the British. The true significance of this dispute was not the mere acquisition of land, but its symbolic representation of the relationship between the United States, Canada, and Great Britain. The paper examines the historical background of the dispute including the importance of the region and the international circumstances of the time. It also examines the proceedings and awards of the tribunal created to solve this dispute.

From the Paper
"The mainland mountains parallel to the coast mention in the treaty were to be 35 miles from the coast at their summit, but if the summit was more then thirty-five miles from the coast the border was to be drawn thirty-five miles parallel to the winding coast. At the time this treaty was agreed upon the geography of the region was not fully understood, nor was it of great concern as it was main occupied by fur-traders. The traders and prospectors in the Alaskan Panhandle area were able to explore the topography of the region and it became apparent that there existed no well-defined mountain range upon which to base the border. By the time Canada and the United States had taken control of their respective regions, the blurred boundary lines had created two distinct interpretations. The United States sought an unbroken strip of land including ports and inlets, while Canada wanted control of the inlet areas along the jagged coast of the Alaskan Panhandle. This dispute smouldered during the last half of the eighteenth century with little activity, but became a high priority issue when gold was discovered in the Yukon Territory."

Tags:Alaska, America, Canada

Abstract
In his classic essay, On Liberty, John Stuart Mill insisted that personal liberty could only be constrained if an individual's conduct was such that he (or she) was threatening the safety of others; in other words, state power could only be legitimately exercised over private citizens to prevent harm from befalling other members of the community. For his part, Devlin, in his own classic work, Morals and the Criminal Law, insisted that the collective interest takes precedence over individual prerogatives and that the community was well within its rights to suppress immoral conduct and vice. Over the next several pages, using R. v. Labaye as a starting-point, I will argue that the Supreme Court's decision in this matter is actually more in keeping with the sentiments of J.S. Mill than it is the view-points of Devlin - though the minority clearly echoes the viewpoint of Devlin that the state should enforce morality. With this part of the paper out of the way, I will then argue that I much prefer the J.S. Mill approach (and the majority's position) because, however distasteful it may be to many, "immoral" acts done in private after reasonable precautions have been taken to shield unwilling individuals from witnessing them - and which do not involve demonstrable harm to anyone - are not worthy of criminalization; people's sex lives should remain their own business unless damage to others is involved.

From the Paper
Law and Morality: Mill, Devlin, and the Proper Outer Boundary for Individual Rights In his classic essay, On Liberty, John Stuart Mill insisted that personal liberty could only be constrained if an individual's conduct was such that he (or she) was threatening the safety of others; in other words, state power could only be legitimately exercised over private citizens to prevent harm from befalling other members of the community. For his part, Devlin, in his own classic work, Morals and the Criminal Law, insisted that the collective interest takes precedence over individual prerogatives and that the community was well within its rights to suppress immoral

Tags:labaye, mill, devlin

Abstract
Descriptive models of communication are inadequate for directing nurse-patient communication in the clinical setting. Only an evidence-based approach can take into account the complexity of the communication process (McCabe & Timmins, 2006). In addition, as Dickerson and Sommerville (2002) observe, there is a paucity of research relating to the experience of people with mental illness in the community. As people with mental illness make the transition from hospital to community care, the emergence of ethical and human rights issues are inevitable. The goal of all therapeutic communication is to understand the client's needs and concerns. This paper will outline three communication events with the purpose of illustrating and analyzing ethical, therapeutic, and counseling skills.

From the Paper
Communication: Culture, Boundary Crossings, and Presenting Reality Descriptive models of communication are inadequate for directing nurse-patient communication in the clinical setting. Only an evidence-based approach can take into account the complexity of the communication process (McCabe & Timmins, 2006). In addition, as Dickerson and Sommerville (2002) observe, there is a paucity of research relating to the experience of people with mental illness in the community. As people with mental illness make the transition from hospital to community care, the emergence of ethical and human rights issues are inevitable. The goal of all therapeutic communication is to understand the client's needs and

Tags:ethics, counseling, communication

Abstract
The paper is for a third year geography/urban studies course and is a proposal for a future research paper. The proposal focouses on the greenbelt plan and its success at curbing urban sprawl. The final paper argues that urban sprawl is not being curbed by this plan because the regulations are so weak.

From the Paper
"Suburban development has created a number of complicated issues. One of the most contentious of these issues is urban sprawl. According to William Norton in Human Geography, "The term urban sprawl is often used to describe the deconcentration that involves low-density expansion of urban land uses into surrounding rural areas" (Norton 418). The environmental, economic and political problems caused by urban sprawl..."

Tags:urban, sprawl, greenbelt

Abstract
This paper discusses the Greenbelt Plan 2005. It looks at the issues that have been created by suburban development, particularly urban sprawl. The paper then discusses the environmental, economic and political problems that can be caused by urban sprawl. The paper analyzes the Greenbelt Plan and discusses how it has been implemented in Ontario and its success. The paper finally presents an argument that the Greenbelt area is not significantly curbing urban sprawl. In order to further its arguments, the paper includes area maps.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Greenbelt Plan
Thesis
The Study Area
Method
Population Growth in Scugog Township
The Growth Rate of Vaughan and Uxbridge
Conclusions

From the Paper
"The first factor that needs to be considered is that the census data is not current. The census data was obtained in 2001. The Greenbelt plan was not implemented until 2005. This means that the real effects of the Greenbelt will not be observable until the most recent census is made available. Even then the data may only show the beginning of a curbing trend."
"The other factor to consider is location. Vaughan is located immediately north of Toronto. Uxbridge and Scugog Township are located to a considerable distance from Toronto. Vaughan's close proximity to Toronto may be a factor in its higher growth rate."

Tags:township, Scugog, census

Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the subject of professional boundaries within counseling. The writer notes that it is critically important that the counselor has the necessary clinical skills in order to assess and develop levels of rapport with the client that are of an adequate nature. The writer points out that the literature relating to the necessity of a balance between rapport and professional boundaries is sadly lacking. The writer concludes that research should be applied in this direction in order that the current knowledge base be refreshed and that any new findings might be added to this research.

Outline:
Introduction
Overview
Importance of Rapport to Counseling Relationship
Importance of Professional Boundaries to Counseling Relationship
Maintaining the Delicate Balance between Rapport and Professional Boundaries
Respectful Persistence
Current Research on Strategies and Interventions for Maintaining Rapport and Boundaries Simultaneously
Implications for Counselors: Rapport/Boundaries Imbalance

From the Paper
"This is the client who has been forced to attend counseling and may prove difficult to work with in the early stages of counseling. This client is skeptical and has not acknowledged any need for change. The counselor must gain the client's respect and upon that basis establish trust with the client. Solution-focused strategies are considered effective and the counselor should outline the counseling process, identify what the counselor's role is, and outline the rights and duties belonging to the client and finally the counselor should state the outcomes expected from counseling therapy."

Tags:counselor, limitations, competence, capabilities

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in 'Howards End', the sense of gender boundaries is so vividly written that one can not only gain an in depth understanding of this novel but also of the age. The writer discusses that the reader is introduced to an unfair society within England that holds so many flaws, yet the feminist political movement is identifiable throughout. The novel itself seems to be building up to some type of significant revolution or cultural change. It does this through the excellent creation of characters like Helen, Margaret and Mr Wilcox who represent figures within the social system. The writer notes that one can see the turbulent lives of these people gradually evolve through the three main families in this novel and not only by gender boundaries but also social class. The writer concludes that the events seem to signify a divided nation that shows a clash of interests, gender and class but ultimately something has to change.

From the Paper
"A perfect example is when Helen visits the Wilcox's and brings into the family discussion the idea of equality. Her description and opinion of Mr Wilcox's response shows just how much she fits back into the mould of the 'perfect woman', maybe without even knowing it. The simple fact that she feels ashamed of voicing a perfectly reasonable idea is brilliant in showing just how controlled women of that time were. What is even more significant is that fact that Mr Wilcox is the one doing the controlling. The final parts of the novel are in a way very different to the beginning, as the women are presented as much more libertaed especially Helen. The novel may well be representing the progression of female equality which was taking place during that period. Helen is a romantic and spontaneous but these are arguably qualities that a woman were condemned to have. Margaret has broken through by using the gift of peacemaker that she so carefully uses to make other characters closer. Despite the original feelings of many of the Wilcox family such as Charles and Dolly, it is Margaret who has succeeded in getting Howard's End along with the respect of her husband. At the very end of the novel she appears to mirror the first Mrs Wilcox through her gained experience, giving the appearance of wisdom yet has developed a larger sense of self worth and independence."

Tags:Wilcox, characters, male, sexism

Abstract
This paper discusses the book "Boundaries Cracked: Gendering Literacy, Empowering Women, Building Community", written by Jennifer Subban and Alma Young. It discusses the issues related to in the literature of the fact that boundaries are formed for poor women in urban societies because of their inability to read and write, creating a manner of existence that restrains them from being able to achieve their goals.

From the Paper
"Boundaries of Literacy Jennifer Subban and Alma Young write "Boundaries Cracked: Gendering Literacy, Empowering Women, Building Community". Within the literature the authors discuss the fact that boundaries are formed for poor women in urban societies because of their inability to read and write, creating a manner of existence that restrains them from being able to achieve their goals (Subban & Young 49). The inability to communicate through reading and writing, or to comprehend basic information that is dispersed throughout the social order confines them to their world of poverty because they are incapable of seeking help that requires filling out forms, applying for aid, or filling out job applications. Women must struggle to seek help that will provide them with literacy training in order to alter their lives and the existence of their children."

Tags:urban, sociology, women