Abstract
This paper examines looks at the European and American methods of diagnosing Borderline Personality Disorder. The author covers several areas including it's definition, symptoms, history and possible reasons for its occurrence. Particular attention is paid to the knowledge that it is one of the most controversial diagnoses in psychology, and what affect this has had on anyone seeking treatment for this disorder.

From the Paper
"These people have a pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation. They have a markedly and persistently unstable self-image; recurrent self mutilating or suicidal behavior, gestures or threats and chronic feelings of emptiness. They have difficult controlling anger, and show inappropriate, intense anger. They Transient, stress related paranoid ideation or severe disassociate symptoms. Borderline personality is usually accompanied by "symptom disorders" such as eating disorder, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, premenstrual tension, dissociative disorder or anxiety disorder."

Tags:borderline, disorder, dopamine, illnesses, mental, personality, treatment, diagnosis, childhood, victim, abuse, trauma, education, brain, illness, health, mental, behavior, depression, mood, study, research, american, european, dopamine

Abstract
The paper looks at characteristics and symptoms of borderline personality disorder in adolescents, examines a case sample and explores the history of the disorder. The paper then compares the effects, consequences and treatment of bipolar disorder in children, adolescents and adults. Finally, the paper pay special attention to the medication for this disorder.

From the Paper
"This paper looks at the criteria and characteristics of the Borderline Personality Disorders, its history and a case study with symptoms of the disorder. In the final section of this paper we look at the effects, consequence and medication available for Bipolar Disorder in adults and adolescents."

Tags:bipolar, borderline, personality

Abstract
In this article, the writer reviews the book 'Surviving a Borderline Parent' by Kimberlee Roth and Frieda B Friedman. The writer discusses that the authors delve into the child's experience of growing up with a BPD parent and examine how this experience can affect the individual later on as an adult.

From the Paper
"Kimberlee Roth and Frieda B Freedman in their book 'Surviving a Borderline Parent' have not only described what a parent with Borderline Personality Disorder or BPD is like but have also provided checklists for the reader to identify whether their parent or parents suffer from it. The authors delve into the child's experience of growing up with a BPD parent and examine how this experience can affect the individual later on as an adult. This paper will provide a review of the book and ..."

Tags:Roth, Friedman, BPD, borderline personality disorder, book review

Abstract
The basis of this study looks at the effects of a therapy derived from eastern Zen practices and western psychodynamic theory, known as Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, on the treatment of patients afflicted with Borderline Personality Disorder. DBT is a treatment paradigm created by Marsha M. Linehan of Washington University, and is the first and only treatment paradigm to be tested in clinical settings. The importance of DBT stems from the belief that BPD is the most treatment-resistant of all mental disorders outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual: Vol. IV. The study tests the hypothesis that DBT will effectively reduce targeted behaviors of BPD as compared to treatment as usual (TAU) groups, and suggests that because of the structured nature of DBT, it is the most effective of all present treatments of BPD.

From the Paper
"Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is the application of a broad array of cognitive and behavior therapy strategies to the problems of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), including suicidal behaviors (Heard & Linehan 1994). DBT also has a number of distinctive defining characteristics. As its name suggests, its overriding characteristic is an emphasis on "dialectics" - that is, the reconciliation of opposites in a continual process of synthesis. The most fundamental dialectic is the necessity of accepting patients just as they are within a context of trying to teach them to change. This emphasis on acceptance as a balance to change flows directly from the integration of Eastern Zen practice with Western psychodynamic theory (Linehan 1993a)."

Tags:borderline, dbt, disorder, linehan, marsha, personality, practices, psychodynamic, research, theory, therapy, treatment, western, zen

Abstract
This paper discusses the existing relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. With some especial interest in childhood victims of sexual abuse, the purpose of this study is to illustrate how adult manifestations of Borderline Personality Disorder are actually indicative of child trauma. The paper explains that some incidences of Borderline Personality Disorder may be expressions of childhood induced Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

From the Paper
"This paper shall discuss the existing relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. With some especial interest in childhood victims of sexual abuse, the purpose of this study will be to illustrate how adult manifestations of Borderline Personality Disorder are actually indicative of child trauma. In other words, some incidences of Borderline Personality Disorder may be expressions of childhood induced Posttraumatic Stress Disorder."

Tags:abnormal, psychology, trauma

Abstract
This paper looks at borderline personality disorder. It presents information as to the definition of and core clinical features associated with the disorder, followed by a discussion as to etiology of the disorder. It reviews information regarding the symptoms associated with borderline personality disorder and prevalence estimates. After this, the criteria necessary for diagnosis are reviewed, followed by a discussion of treatment issues that have been found to be associated with the disorder. It examines treatment approaches and related outcome studies and also looks at use of dialectical behavior therapy and the potential this approach offers in generating successful outcomes for individuals suffering from borderline personality disorder.

Outline
Definition and Core Clinical Features
Etiology
Symptoms and Prevalence
Diagnosis
Treatment Issues
Traditional Treatment Approaches
Dialectical Behavior Therapy
Conclusions

From the Paper
"According to Barron (1998), symptoms exhibited by the person with BPD include a persistent pattern of instability regarding self-image, interpersonal relationships, and mood. The disorder results in a continual identity disturbance manifested by uncertainty regarding life issues such as self-concept, sexual orientation, long-term goals, career choices, relationships, and life values (Barron, 1998). According to the APA (2000), affective instability is common in BPD and may be evidenced by shifts in mood from baseline to depression, irritability, or anxiety. These emotional states may last a few hours or, in rare cases, several days. People with BPD often display intense and inappropriate anger expressed through outbursts of temper or physical fights."

Tags:mental, illness, therapy, emotions

Abstract
This paper explores the various definitions and symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Additionally, a brief review of current literature and definitions of this psychiatric condition are examined. In particular, dialectical behavioral therapy, or DBT, is considered as a possible treatment for this disorder.

Table of Contents
Section one: Overview of Borderline personality Disorder
1 Definitions and Historical Foundations
1.2 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM
1.3. Etiology
1.3.1. DBT
1.3.2. Genetics
1.3.3. Environmental Conditions
1.3.4. Neurological Issues
2. Diagnoses and Related Issues
2.1. Comorbidity
Treatment
3.1. Treatment Overview
3.2. Psycho Pharmacological Approaches
3.3. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy
3.3.1. Empirical Support
3.3.2. Theoretical Aspects of DBT
3.3.3. The Dialectical Model
3.3.4. Etiology
3.3.5. Praxis

From the Paper
"Lineham pioneered this treatment of BPD in 1991. Her ideas were based on the concept and praxis that psychological treatment was just as important in dealing with Borderline patients as was the more traditional psycho? and pharmacotherapy. Lineham also emphasized a hierarchical structure in treatment goals. This structure began with the reduction of parasuicidal and life - threatening behaviors. This was followed by a reduction of behaviors which may interfere in the therapy process. Thirdly, reducing behaviors were introduced that improved the individual's quality of life. Lineman published results of her work which attested to the practical success of her work and approach. The difference of DBT to other approaches in therapy for BPD is that is combines a dialectical perspective with cognitive- behavioral therapy. This has resulted in a particular procedure of interventions which has been shown to produce positive results in the reduction of the symptoms of BPD. "

Tags:dialectical, behavioral, therapy, psychiatric, disorders

Abstract
People with borderline personality disorder experience instability in their
moods, their relationships with others and their organizational capacity, as well as having an unstable self image. This paper looks at the disorder in terms of causes of the condition as well as treatments which can make conditions in which an individual with borderline personality disorder more successful in situations like relationships and absolutist tendencies.

From the Paper
"It is important however to clearly define borderline personality because it is a condition that many people overlook or confuse with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, two related conditions that get more attention in textual studies and the media. People who are borderline individuals tend to have a history of personal relationships in which their perception of the other person in the relationship goes through extremes, swinging
from complete disregard to putting the person on a pedastal, but it does not go through these extremes in a way that shows shades of gradations; rather the shift is from one extreme to the other. This causes the borderline individual to have very unrealistic expectations as well as perceptions of those around them (Martin, 2000)."

Tags:relationship, perceptions, image, psychoanalysis

Abstract
This paper explains that individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) are afflicted with a continual state of emotional conflict and chaos, often swinging from one extreme of emotion to another. Patients with BPD are traditionally known to exhibit symptoms of depression, anger and anxiety at varying times and traditionally demonstrate self injurious behavior. The paper contends that the road to treatment and recovery is often a different one, as traditional psychotherapeutic approaches often fail treating patients with BPD. The paper presents recent evidence that suggests that an integrative approach for treating BPD is best. This type of approach would combine cognitive behavioral therapy, pharmacological intervention and traditional psychotherapy techniques to find the best possible outcome for BPD patients.
Outline
Introduction
DSM-IV for Borderline Personality Disorder
Cognitive Behavioral Perspective
Conclusions

From the Paper
"Because borderline personality disorder is complex in nature and difficult to label, differential diagnostic criteria and theoretical orientations have been established for assessing the disorder (Cottrell & Jones, 2000). Thus a therapist might encounter differing behavioral, symptomatic and psychodynamic formulations and findings that form the basis of diagnostic categorization of BPD (Cottrell & Jones, 2000). Differential diagnostic criteria may include: identity diffusion, contradictory aspects of self and others, splitting defenses, projective identification, idealization and omnipotence as well as denial and de-valuation of the self (Cottrell & Jones, 2000). The specificity of borderline personality disorder remains in question however because patients vary in symptomology and personality despite fitting into diagnostic criteria (Cottrell & Jones, 2000). "

Tags:manic, depression, psychotherapy

Abstract
This paper presents the work of many researchers who have studied the connection between childhood abuse and the development of borderline personality disorder. The author believes that chronic abuse leads to dysfunction in the processes of ego and personality development, attachment and affective stability. The paper concludes that the traumatic effects of physical and sexual abuse on the development of borderline personality disorder need to be examined in light of other potential etiological factors such as genetic predisposition, neurotransmitter imbalances, and other avenues that are currently receiving attention in the BPD research community. Abstracts and excerpts from Articles.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Abuse and BPD Statistics
Physical and Sexual Abuse
Conclusions

From the Paper
"Wilkins has also found that the chaotic behavior associated with borderline women is a reaction to traumatic experiences. Unable to gain security from their relationships, a dysfunction of the attachment system occurs. The symptoms associated with BPD diagnosis, therefore, can be seen as a reaction to early relationships with significant others, perceived trauma, and experiences of real abuse, which are then internalized. The adaptive behavior of the borderline adult is a direct consequence of the messages received in childhood. They frantically seek to avoid further abandonment and isolation."

Tags:abuse, dysfunction, ego, attachment, sexual