Abstract
The paper explains the Hegelian entities of consciousness, self-consiousness, perception and the struggle for recognition, as well as their role in Hegel's writings of "Lordship and Bondage", contained in the book "Phenomenology of Spirit".

From the Paper
"Though tedious to first decode, Hegel's writings on self-consciousness in sections 186-196 of "Phenomenology of Spirit", contain multilateral significance to the development of individuals as well as societal relations. The inward struggle of the individual to negatively recognize the unified duality of their condition is the foundation and mortar of Hegel's theory. Only by self-realizing under fear does Hegel believe a person achieves true self-consciousness and the ultimate achievement of the Absolute. Ironically, however, those who most deliberately attempt this process seem to jeopardize their own intended fate. In this essay I will seek to explain in further detail these phenomenon and the events surrounding them in Hegel's writing."

Tags:bondage, consciousness, hegel, hegelian, lordship, phenomenology, philosophy, self, spirit

Abstract
This paper explains that the hard work and sense of freedom mentioned by writers like Washington, Crevecoeur and others differs markedly from what Douglass says about the American ideal; this fact is not surprising because Douglass and his immediate ancestors did not come to America on their own but were removed by force from their native land and made to work as slaves. The author points out that Douglass never sees himself as an American because, as a slave, he was kept him from belonging to any society of free men until he left slavery and entered a new world. The paper relates that Douglass moved from one oppressed minority to another--the free slave constituting another oppressed group, but this did not make Douglass any less an American in cultural terms but never as the ideal and fully connected American referred to by Washington and Crevecoeur.

From the Paper
"Douglass himself, however, suggests otherwise in some of hits statements, such as when he writes in an 1846 letter to Garrison that he has no nation of his own. This sense of not having a nation is clearly part of the life of early Americans who, at the time of the Revolutionary War, denied their ties to Britain and sought to create a nation because they did not have one. In the American tradition, Douglass harks back to this same idea, emerging as he did from a slave world where he had no nation, and then finding ways to recreate both himself and his ties with the country over time. His writings are clearly American as they express a similar dedication to certain core values which, admittedly, the nation has not always lived up to, as it should."

Tags:ideal, slavery, freedom, minority, culture

Abstract
The paper examines "Born in Bondage: Growing Up Enslaved in the Antebellum South" that looks at the lives of children under the height of Southern slavery and how they were essentially considered economic assets. The paper contends that Schwartz fails to fully explore the emotional attachment slave owners developed toward slave children, and the lengths the slave community would go to in order to safeguard the children. The paper asserts that by expanding on these two key issues, Schwartz could have provided a more holistic overview of what it was like to live as a slave child.

Outline:
Introduction
Schwartz and the Lives of Slave Children
Owners and Slave Children
Slaves as Lobbyists
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In Born in Bondage: Growing Up Enslaved in the Antebellum South, Marie Jenkins Schwartz offers a look at the typical life of a slave child, from fetal development through early adulthood (Schwartz, 2000). Schwartz uses a variety of tools, such as testimony from former slaves and slave owners, to construct a detailed account of how primarily economic factors influenced how slave children were raised. In the process of developing this argument, Schwartz offers an intriguing glimpse at two lines of inquiry that are not fully developed in her work. By focusing too heavily on the economic nature of the relationship between slave children, their owners, and the slave community, Schwartz fails to appreciate the emotional attachment some owners developed with the children, and the role slave community activism played in the children's upbringing."

Tags:community, activism, relationship, whites, plantation

Abstract
The paper discusses how since human beings have inhabited the earth, they have been preoccupied with sex and various methods of enhancing sexual pleasure---and sometimes pain that increases sexual intensity and enjoyment in certain individuals. The paper relates that a form of sexual bondage that has recently come into vogue is called autoerotic asphyxia. The paper explains that this practice does not only bring euphoria and sexual enhancement, but can, and has, been fatal in many instances due to its use of asphyxiation to achieve sexual pleasure.

From the Paper
"Since human beings have inhabited the earth, they have been preoccupied with sex and various methods of enhancing sexual pleasure---and sometimes pain that increases sexual intensity and enjoyment in certain individuals."

Tags:autoerotic, asphyxia, behavior

Abstract
This paper reviews the book "Freedom from Addiction: Breaking the Bondage of Addiction and Finding Freedom in Christ", by authors Dr. Neil T. Anderson and Mike and Julia Quarles. It discusses the author's observations of how many Christians remain locked in their addictions, especially to alcohol and drug abuse. It then discusses the model that the book provides to help abusers solve their addictions through acceptance of Jesus Christ as the Higher Power.

From the Paper
"As participants in traditional 12-Step Programs have sponsors, the counselor could also be a spiritual Seven Step sponsor. Together, the former addict and the counselor can review the Seven Steps together, ensuring that the addict remains bondage-free. The counselor can also assist in removing items of "false worship" from the former addict's home. These could include false idols and tools of the occult, such as innocent-looking tarot cards. The counselor could also be on the lookout for items which may trigger addictions, such as magazines showing glossy liquor ads or even hidden drug paraphernalia."

Tags:12-step, sponsor, counselor

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Beloved" by Toni Morrison. Specifically, the paper discusses how the concepts of bondage and freedom are inextricably linked to the process of forgetting and remembering in the book. "Beloved" is a haunting novel of racism, freedom, slavery and the past. The paper also looks at how the book graphically illustrates the importance of freedom and how it is impossible for some who have suffered the worst indignities to forget the past and move on toward the future.

From the Paper
"Throughout this difficult and yet beautiful novel, the characters struggle with their past. They have all lived through slavery and they have all been forced to make terrible decisions in their lives. Sethe is forced to murder; Stamp Paid's wife became an unwilling mistress to their master's son, and Paul D endures wearing a bit in his mouth as punishment. All the evils slaves had to face come back in these memories, and it is no wonder they want to forget them. They are tales of horrible, inhumane cruelty, and these memories make the reader face many truths about society and slavery. Sethe may be free, but she is still a slave in many ways. She cannot buy groceries at the same time as whites. She is constantly reminded she is black and different. She has traded slavery for another kind of bondage, and that is one of the points Morrison is attempting to make with this book. "

Tags:slavery, blacks, sethe

Abstract
This paper explains that, in Toni Morrison's "Beloved", the concepts of bondage and freedom are inextricably linked to the process of forgetting and remembering in the book. The author points out that "Beloved", which won a Pulitzer Prize for literature, is a haunting novel of racism, freedom, slavery and the past that give the reader new insight into the nightmare of slavery and the wonderful promise of freedom. The paper relates that the book graphically illustrates the importance of freedom and that it is impossible for someone who has suffered the worst indignities to forget the past and move on toward the future.

From the Paper
"While the characters all try desperately to forget the past, they are not interested in the future, and this places them in a kind of "limbo." They are constantly reminded of the past, they cannot deal with it, and yet their lives hold no hope for the future. Sethe thinks to herself at one point, "But her brain was not interested in the future. Loaded with the past and hungry for more, it left her no room to imagine, let alone plan for, the next day. Exactly like that afternoon in the wild onions - where one more step was the most she could see of the future." Sethe and Denver really have no future, and they know that. Sethe will never find acceptance in a town that shuns her and neither will Denver. "

Tags:remembering, limbo, sethe, haunting, indignities

Abstract
This paper explains that Frederick Douglass may have been a radical abolitionist, but he was not a radical advocate of different ways of conceptualizing women in literature. The author points out that, over and over again in the course of his work, Douglass states that slavery is particularly bad because it destroys the 'natural' gentleness of women. The paper relates that Douglass underscores the common notion of the time: a woman's place is in the private sphere because of her greater sensibility and sensitivity, which justifies her exclusion from the public sphere, and, under the marital unity doctrine, her husband retains the ultimate authority over her, even in the domestic domain.

From the Paper
"Douglass hastens to make clear that although his mother was walking alone at night, she only did so because she striving to see her child even though walking alone required a tremendous amount of daring upon the woman's part, and her master refused to lend her a horse or mule. (Douglass 58) Although Douglass does not 'spell out' the risk, his implication is that a woman wandering unattended and alone can easily be raped. Again, rather than subverting conventional expectations about the strength of women even when in bondage, her willingness to risk all, despite feminine weakness, and the refusal of her master to extend masculine chivalry in the form of protection or even a horse to a woman alone is seen as an extension of the crime of slavery itself."

Tags:abolitionist, traditional, domestic, husband, gentleness

Abstract
This paper explains that, in "The Social Contract", Jean Jacques Rousseau clarifies the idea of the social contract and the way the state should work together with its subjects to create a perfect and peaceful society. The author points out that Rousseau's opening statement that "Man is born free" is intriguing because, according to the rest of the section, this statement is not true; a child is obliged to be in bondage to its parents until it can leave the home on its own. The paper contends that, until lessons from the past can be recognized, books like "The Social Contract" will have academic value only; practical applicability is entirely dependent upon the human ability to recognize lessons, to adjust, and to evolve accordingly.

From the Paper
"Rousseau makes a strong argument in his first book when he states, "One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they". (Book I; ch.i). This is applicable to current society, which is more often than not subject to some or other less than laudable human trait such as greed or addiction. People are slaves to money, drugs, success or any other of a maze of possible enslavements. This was also true in Rousseau's time, and he recognized that human beings are in bondage since birth."

Tags:applicability, bondage, slavery, sovereignty, government

Abstract
This paper is a comparative analysis of W. Somerset Maugham's novel "Of Human Bondage" and Virginia Woolf's book "To the Lighthouse." The author explains how each work presents a unique perspective on the purpose of the human existence evidenced through an assessment of literary approaches and biographical influences. Also considered are the literary styles, outlooks towards death and main characters.

From the Paper
"The history of English literature can be said to resemble the lineage of a family tree. As generations pass, innovative ideologies are birthed and literature offshoots into new schools of thought. While each green branch is unique in its own right, it is also indebted to all those that came before. Hence, in this way no writer is ever wholly inventive or original. Consequently, authors Virginia Woolf and W. Somerset Maugham have more in common than either would admit to."

Tags:bondage, carey, characters, christianity, consciousness, god, human, lighthouse, literature, modernism, phillip, point, ramsey, realism, stream, view