Abstract
This paper explains that "Why Bodhidharma has Left for the East: A Zen Fable", written and directed by Yong-Kyun Bae, is a very profound artistic description of both inner beliefs and individual approaches to enlightenment and, externally, of the relationships formed between individuals. The author describes the ways this internal vs. external framework is playing throughout the movie by emphasizing different perspectives, which underscore some of the essential characteristics of the three characters, especially the Zen master Hyegok. The "Ten Bulls" pictures of the Zen tradition, which reflect the steps in the path to enlightenment, the paper relates, are a good fit with the stages each of the characters in the movie achieve.

From the Paper
"On the other hand, Hae Jin has accidentally killed a bird at some point. While this may seem as a reasonably unimportant fact, in the Buddhist mythology, because of the constant reincarnation process, killing a bird may mean killing a human soul who has reincarnated in the bird. It is small, real elements like this that keep the characters' human consciousness alert and unable to yet make the final step towards enlightenment with a final departing from the real world. "

Tags:bulls, zen, stages, framework, enlightenment

Abstract
The paper explains that the word "Buddha means 'enlightened person', and Buddhists follow the teaching of the one who was particularly enlightened, Siddhartha Gautama (564-484 BCE) (Billington 67). The paper describes how Gautama, or Buddha, left his family in India and opted for homelessness, while seeking spiritual liberation. The paper looks at how his message spread throughout southeast Asia and Japan in approximately 500 A.D., and later to the West, and is a thriving religion today (Billington 67). The paper discusses how in the Buddhist religion, the idea of God either is ignored or rejected (Billington 11), and, in another offshoot of the religion, Chan Buddhism was introduced to the Chinese in the fifth or sixth century when Bodhidharma, the 28th Patriarch in India and the First Patriarch in China, traveled to the country.

From the Paper
"The word "Buddha means `enlightened person', and Buddhists follow the teaching of the one who was particularly enlightened, Siddhartha Gautama (564-484 BCE)" (Billington 67). Gautama, or Buddha, left his family in India and opted for homelessness, while seeking spiritual liberation."

Tags:buddhism, japan, religion

Abstract
The paper attempts to demonstrate how Chan Buddhism and "Chan in daily life" are two equally important concepts in Buddhism. The paper looks at how the venerable Jing Hui has discussed both in detail and explains how they are different, alike, and how each can be attained. The paper explains that Chan Buddhism has its origins in ancient India and was introduced to the Chinese in the fifth or sixth century when Bodhidharma, the 28th Patriarch in India and the First Patriarch in China, traveled to the country.

From the Paper
"Chan Buddhism and "Chan in daily life" are two equally important concepts in Buddhism. The Venerable Jing Hui has discussed both in detail and explains how they are different, alike, and how each can be attained. Chan Buddhism has its origins in ancient India and was introduced to the Chinese in the fifth or sixth century when Bodhidharma, the 28^th

Tags:buddhism, chan, religion

Abstract
Comprehension of Confucius's ideas opens the door to understanding the philosophical reasoning of other Chinese principles, such as the martial art known as Kung Fu. The paper shows the message that seems to be extolled in "gong fu," or Kung Fu, is that there is a way, path, or message that, if followed, will lead to happiness and Heaven. This is a Buddhist philosophy and an integral component to the disciplines of Zen Buddhism, as well as the martial art of Shaolin Kung Fu. The paper explains that, while Kung Fu is considered a martial art, and, as such, deals with the physical realities of learning to defend oneself, it is also a component of a spiritual or religious sect. It shows, therefore, that the tenets of Confucianism cannot be separated from the art of Kung Fu.

From the Paper
"It is only by going 'outside oneself' that a person is able to overcome the restrictions of suffering and to reach Nirvana. Kung Fu embraces an understanding of reason, modeled on the natural world, which equates spiritual attainment with the successful manipulation of nature and natural phenomenon."

Tags:Zen, Buddhism, Bodhidharma, Nirvana