Abstract The paper paints a picture of how the Union and Confederate forces fought the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862, the most ferocious and deadly battle of the Civil war. The paper discusses General Robert E. Lee's leadership of the Confederate forces and General George B. McClellan's command of the Union forces. The paper shows how the Bloody Lane proved to be the turning point in the Battle of Antietam and notes that it could have been the turning point of the war.
From the Paper "The Union and Confederate forces fought the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862, outside the small town of Sharpsburg, Maryland. (The Confederates refer to this battle as the Battle of Sharpsburg.) It was the most ferocious and deadly battle of the war, and in American history - over 23,000 casualties, wounded, and missing resulted from this one bloody battle. It was also the first battle fought on Northern soil, making it quite memorable for yet another reason. "
This paper discusses the events of November 21, 1920, in Dublin, Ireland, popularly known as "Bloody Sunday": Background, events, politics of assassination of British officers by Irish Republican Army, reprisal of Black & Tans and the aftermath.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, 1994, $ 71.95
From the Paper "This paper will discuss the events of November 21, 1920, in Dublin, Ireland, popularly known as "Bloody Sunday." The first part of the paper will describe what happened on that day: the assassination of British officers by the Irish Republican Army and the reprisal of the Black and Tans that afternoon. The second part of the paper will examine the political background to the events and the general political goals of the IRA in carrying out the attacks. The third part of the paper will discuss the strategic implications of the attack, including whether the attack accomplished both its tactical and strategic goals.
On November 17, 1920, Dick McKee, a commandant of the Dublin Brigade of the Volunteers (or Irish Republican Army), and his second-in-command, Peadar Clancy, were ordered by Michael Collins to prepare an ... "
Abstract This paper examines whether it was a coincidence that Tsar Nicholas II abdicated just 3 years after the commencement of World War One. It examines several factors which may have been the cause of the collapse of Tsarism - Nicholas' leadership; Bloody Sunday; The October Manifesto; Rasputin or WWI.
From the Paper "The First World War caused the collapse of tsarism, but it was not the reason it occurred. It seems to have acted only as a catalyst to the problems already facing Russia. It is evident that the tsarism would have collapsed eventually due to the oppressive nature of the regime. There was deep discontentment in the Russian people whose tolerance for an autocratic state had worn out. Believing that the state was responsible for all their problems, many Russians were determined to overthrow it in order to create change. Another cause for problems was that Tsar Nicholas II was an unsuitable ruler and the Russian people were unforgiving towards this gentle man. Wanting change in their society, it appears that the fate of the tsarism lay in the hands of Nicholas at least until World War One commenced."
Abstract This paper focuses on John Churchill, the Duke of Marlborough, and his influence on the Glorious Revolution. The paper discusses how Churchill was loyal to British king, James II, and details the reasons he would eventually defect and join the ranks of William of Orange, such as the Bloody Assize, Lord Delamere, and policies against James II's Catholicism.
From the Paper "John Churchill, who would later become the Duke of Marlborough, rose to prominence in England during the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Glorious Revolution (led by William of Orange against James II) ended Catholic influence in England and assured control of England by Anglican Protestants. Many would argue that although it was actually William of Orange that led the Glorious Revolution, it was Churchill's influence and ultimately his defection that made the revolution a success. History shows us that this was almost certainly the case, but it is somewhat unclear why Churchill (a favorite of James II) broke ranks and joined the cause of William. Although James II and his openly Catholic policies had much to do with Churchill's defection, they may not have been his only reasons for doing so."
Tags: anglican, assize, bloody, catholic, glorious, james, orange, william
Abstract The paper discusses the use of dream as a visual device in David Lynch's film "Eraserhead" and Nina Menkes' film "The Bloody Child". The paper analyzes Lynch's use of the dreamscape as a means to facilitate symbolic substitution and Menkes' use of the dream concept as a means of actual narrative.
From the Paper "Dream and cinema seem to go together. Film has long been considered a type of fantastic representation of what people experience, to one degree or another, when they sleep. Film seems to have the ability to bring dreams to life or to reduce life to the palatable state of a dream. In this light, dream must be understood to be an alternate form of reality; if not physical then certainly conceptual. To better grasp the psychological importance and the subjective realities that dreams, through film, can and do represent, one need look no further than the Native American religions where dreaming is seen as, "a source of personal empowerment"(Irwin, 1994, p.231). Viewed in this light, the utilization of dreams in American cinema and especially in the films of David Lynch and the lesser known Nina Menkes, must be examined from a much more rational and empirical perspective."
A discussion on transposing the environment of Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet" to the atmosphere and setting to the 1930s depression-era of "Bonnie and Clyde."
Abstract The paper compares the era of "Romeo and Juliet" with the times of "Bonnie and Clyde". The paper, by comparing the two works, speaks of the bloody environment in the times of Romeo and Juliet and the desperate economic circumstances during the 'Bonnie and Clyde' era in American history. The paper continues with a discussion on the similarities between these two time periods, noting the similar themes of "romantic outlaws", "passionate lovers", an emphasis on youth, and the anger at society. The paper concludes that the tales of both lovers show how, in a society that seems to have no future, desperate young people seeking validation and autonomy, resort to desperate measures.
From the Paper "Although Shakespearean love may be beautiful, especially love forged out of passion and the laws of a society that denies the freedoms of the young, it is not the society of Renaissance Italy that is beautiful and romantic. The fact that love can exist even in an atmosphere that a modern audience can identify as hopeless, crime-ridden, and decadent like Depression-era America will underline the most important aspect of Shakespeare's play, elements that might remain hidden in a production set in the Renaissance. Adult society and the laws of the land are corrupt in "Romeo and Juliet," likewise America ignores the suffering and despair of Americans living in the dustbowl during the Depression. Bonnie and Clyde rob banks, but during that era before banking reform many Americans lost their money in the stock market, or in bank runs, thus showing a lack of regard for the laws was something that was endemic to society and government, not just the outlaws."
Abstract This essay covers the life and accomplishments of Nero, emperor of Rome. It talks about his unlikely ascent to the throne due to his conniving mother. The paper shows that Nero's rule began well enough, but as time went on his mistrust for others grew. The paper speaks about the development of tensions between Nero and those who were once close to him. It also mentions his bizarre hobbies, his bloody persecution of Christians and his equally bloody demise.
From the Paper "After her death, Nero divorced Octavia and married Poppaea and completely lost all inhibitions. He would go to the Olympics, an event scorned by the Romans and continued to act and sing, even though such a pastime was seen as lowly in Roman society. In one final callous act, he burned down almost a quarter of Rome, purportedly to expand his immense estate or wanting to replace the cluttered, ugly old Rome with new, innovative architecture. He used the Christians as a scapegoat for this act and gave them a fitting punishment: using them as live torches at festivals. When his wife became pregnant the senate decided that Nero was a threat to the Roman people and wanted to kill him before the baby was born and named heir. The plan failed but the baby died shortly after its birth and later Poppaea herself died from a later miscarriage."
Abstract After the United States' victory in the Spanish-American war, it purchased the Philippines from Spain for twenty million dollars. However, the U.S. neglected to acknowledge that the Philippines had grown very nationalistic during their bloody revolution with Spain. The paper shows that during that revolution and the Spanish-American wars, the United States and Philippines had joined as allies in the fight against Spain. After their victory and not looking to become the colony of yet another imperialistic nation, the Philippines directed their aggression at their new colonizer, the United States. The paper shows that the United States, intent on growing as both a new world power and imperialistic force, decided that they would retain the Philippines as a colony. The Philippines, intent on finally discovering their freedom, had different ideas, and set their focus on getting the United States, their forces and influence out of the Philippines. The paper explains that this competing set of goals and ideals led to the bloody conflict that would become known rhetorically as the "Philippine Insurrection".
Paper Outline:
Introduction
The Conflict
Interpretation of War
American Freedom and Democracy
Bibliography
From the Paper "The battle of Tirad Pass, just months later, was further confirmation that in a traditional war, the United States superior technology and might was too much for Filipino forces. With American forces advancing on President Aguinaldo, twenty-four year old general Gregorio del Pilar led a specially trained sixty-man force to repel over five hundred American troops and propel his President to safety. The young general, fighting in territory that his men had constructed (with tunnels, trenches and barricades), volleyed fire at American forces inflicting numerous casualties. With such a tight and shallow entrance through Filipino forces, the American forces quickly abandoned a frontal assault. Instead, the American forces split, half flanking the opposition. The Americans, now surrounding del Pilar's forces, easily attacked and killed 52 of the 60 soldiers under Pilar's command."
Abstract This paper explores the role Rasputin the holy man had in the fall of the Romanov Dynasty, and ultimately, the Bolshevik Revolution. The author discusses some of the events leading up to the revolution and examines how Rasputin's involvement impacted them.
From the Paper "Rasputin was the holy man whose presence in the Romanov family caused tension and discomfort among the nobility and Russian peasantry. His uneasy presence and claims of supernatural power were heard by many, but none dared to object to his gloating, for he was the direct line to the king and queen, and the supposed lover of Tsarina Alexandra. His connection to the Tsarina was deep, and he often advised her on matters pertaining to the country. When Rasputin first entered the scene in 1911 from Siberia, the country was on the verge of civil war, as the Revolution of 1905 and the ensuing events had left the Russian country demoralized and debilitated. Rasputin's cult of personality and his actions signified the end of the ruling Romanov dynasty, and the beginning of the Bolshevik ascension to the throne. The fall of the Romanov Dynasty was the indirect result of the problems and strife caused by Rasputin, placing the royal family and the rest of Russia in unrest."
Tags: alexander, bloody, bolshevik, sunday, tsar, society
Abstract This paper is an in-depth analysis of the causes of the Bolshevik Revolution. The author discusses the harsh economic conditions of the times, the rule of Czar Nicholas, the oppression of the lower class, and the influences of Karl Marx on the intelligentsia who wanted reform. The paper looks at the numerous riots that took place, the effects of World War I, and the crumbling of the Romanov dynasty.
From the Paper "The causes of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 were many. The revolution was the culmination of a long period of repression and unrest. The Tsar ? weaknesses in his character and reactionary policies and his failure to understand his people: From the time of Peter I (Peter the Great), the czardom increasingly became an autocratic bureaucracy that imposed its will on the people by force, with wanton disregard for human life and liberty. The last Tsar Nicholas II (1894-1917) was a loyal family man but he had serious defects of character. He was easily influenced by his wife (German), he ignored his ministers and he failed to understand the problems of his people (he was too remote from them). He was a reactionary and an indecisive autocrat. Moreover the Czarist monarchy dramatically demonstrated the weaknesses to which a hereditary system is prone. A male heir to the throne was necessary to assure the continuation of the dynasty. The son of the Czar and Empress, Alexis, was a frail boy who suffered from the crippling hereditary disease of hemophilia."
Abstract This is a review of some of the issues discussed in Chapter Eighteen of Homer's epic, "The Iliad." The author discusses the significance of the shield fashioned for Achilles by his mother which illustrates the conflict between the martial code of revenge and Achilles personal code of revenge. The author explains that the war, its outcome and consequences are all a result of this personal conflict, which in turn, seals the fate of those connected to the Trojan War. Some of the additional themes discussed include the bloodiness of the war, pettiness and valor and the discord in the cosmos of the gods at that time. The last symbol on the shield is positive, showing hope and restitution, with Achilles granting compassion to the King Pram of Troy, thus showing that he is not completely engulfed by the ugliness of war.
From the Paper "This shield will come to represent the fate of Achilles throughout the rest of the epic poem. It will not only protect him, but also be the weapon by which he is known. He will lend his armor to his dearest friend Patroklos. Patroklos will wear the armor into battle, briefly turn the tide of the war to the Greeks, as they think that their greatest fighter as finally returned to the field. Then Patroklos will be killed by Hector when he is both mistaken for the greater warrior and revealed not to be whom his weaponry properties him to be. In revenge for the death of his friend, Achilles will kill Hector and drag the Trojans body around the Greek camp until the old man's father begs Achilles to stop and allow his son to have a proper burial."
Abstract This essay argues that the Russian revolution of 1905 was a protest against the Tsar's refusal to make political concessions, and that once the concessions were given, the revolution was doomed to failure. It argues that the opposition was disorganized and not united in its objectives, and that generally the people of Russia still revered the Tsar, despite his faults.
From the Paper "On 9 January 1905, a worker's procession in St Petersburg calling for social and political reform was fired upon by panicked troops and two hundred people were killed. A resultant wave of strikes and protests across the country threatened to overthrow the monarchy; indeed, as most of the army was engaged in the war against Japan, the Tsar had little protection. Opposition to the Tsar had been building up for many years, and was made up of a broad range of political groups, including peasants and workers, moderates and revolutionaries, liberals and socialists."
Abstract This paper describes the battle of Wilson's Creek, which is often overlooked when recounting Civil War skirmishes. The writer includes a complete order of the battle and identifies several notables in this battle, among others - Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon and Colonel Franz Sigel.
From the Paper "On the edge of the meadow"was a low rail fence; the Rebels rallied under the shelter of it, and, as if by some inspiration or immediate change of orders, they broke it down in places and started for our artillery. As they got nearer to us, their own artillery ceased firing, because it endangered them. When they got close the firing began on both sides. How long it lasted I do not know; it was probably 20 minutes. Every man was shooting as fast, on our side, as he could load, and yelling as loud as his breath would permit. Most were on the ground, some on one knee. The foe stopped advancing.?(Bearss, 109) That's the way it was on August 10, 1861, as seen through the eyes of a soldier from Kansas in Union service. The field of battle is silent now, broken only by the occasional tourist, school group, historian, or Civil War reenactment group camped on the site. Now administered by the National Park Service, the area known as Wilson's Creek National Battlefield was the site of some of the most savage fighting on American soil up to that time. The carnage of Shiloh, Antietam, Gettysburg, and Cold Harbor were still far in the future."
Tags: arkansas, bloody, civil, corn, field, hill, history, lyon, mcculloch, missouri, pea, pearce, price, ridge, rolla, sigel, war, wilson
An analysis of the presence of the British Army in Northern Ireland 1969-1983, the reasons for being there and why they have had limited success in ending the violence.
Abstract This paper discusses how throughout history, the British Army was invariably the instrument used to suppress or combat the various uprisings and revolts of the Irish people and in particular the current occupation of Northern Ireland since 1969 in order to keep the peace between the Catholics and Protestants. It evaluates their growing presence with the increase in violence throughout the seventies and how their stated role there was ambiguous, undefined, continually changing and often ill suited for them. It examines the frustrations and attitudes of both the army and the Irish people and the growing friction between them. This paper includes as an appendix, newspaper coverage of the Bloody Sunday Massacre.
From the Paper "The British Army and Ireland have always had an interesting relationship. Throughout history both have been linked to each other in a variety of ways. The British Army was invariably the instrument used to suppress or combat the various uprisings and revolts of the Irish people. Surprisingly however Ireland has in turn been a stable source of manpower for the British Army since the eighteenth century. Young men forced by poor economic times and even starvation have continually flocked to the "Colours" of British Regiments for over two hundred years. Even since the partition of the island into the Irish Republic and Ulster, Ireland continues to provide a steady supply of recruits to "Irish Units" within the modern British Military."
An examination of how the events of the 1905 Revolution period contributed to the 1917 Revolution. Including the Russo-Japanese War, Bloody Sunday and the October Manifesto.
2,250 words (approx. 9 pages), 6 sources, 1989, $ 79.95
From the Paper "The purpose of this paper is to explain how key events at the time of the Russian Revolution of 1905 contributed to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In particular, the events to be considered will be the 1905 Revolution itself, the Russo-Japanese War, Bloody Sunday, and the October manifesto. All of these events played a vital part in creating a feeling of need for political change in Russia. Although the October Manifesto established a situation in which the revolutionary events of 1905 were at last brought to an end, the problems that had led to that revolt were not fully addressed at that time. It was for that reason that the same motivations resurfaced in Russia 12 years later with the Revolution of 1917. As Leon Trotsky once wrote, the events that made up the 1905 Revolution served as a "dress rehearsal" for the events of the 1917 Revolution (Salisbury 175)."
