Abstract
This paper is about something bizarre that happened to a waitress involving black roses. One Friday night a strange, bizarre experience happened. On the back table where employees usually sit to take their breaks, a black rose with thorns was left. These black roses continued to be left there every Friday for a month. The story focuses on how these roses appeared but no one knew who was leaving them.

From the Paper
"In 2006, 2,503,000 people worked at the job of being a waitress, including fast food restaurants (Food and Beverage Serving). Most waitresses work part-time until they find the career they want. This is true of me. I enjoy waiting on people and visiting with them. I love the ability to make sure that people enjoy their meal as they sip their drinks and eat what they have ordered, but one Friday night a strange, bizarre experience happened. On the back table where employees usually sit to take their breaks, a black rose with thorns was left. These black roses continued to be left there every Friday for a month."

Tags:roses, waitress, bizarre

Abstract
This paper examines how James Cone believes that if blacks, particularly African-Americans, don't wake up and change the traditional American image of Jesus, they will probably never grasp the true philosophy and mission of Jesus. It discusses how African-Americans must see Jesus as a black man that endured the struggle and how it is the duty of black preachers, pastors and theologians to advocate black theology, which includes the black image of Jesus, for the sake and survival of the African-American experience.

From the Paper
"When one begins to think about God, questions arise as one lacks significant knowledge of God. When one begins to engage in such a dialogue, or entertains such questions, one has clearly entered the community of theology. The articles states: "The attempt to think about God leads immediately to a host of related question which are included under the term theology. First, there is the question of mans relationship to God, the ultimate source of things? Then we must ask about revelation to God, that is, how does man know what God is like? If God must reveal himself where and how is he revealed?" These are prospective questions that man can't escape when thinking about God or in dialogue about God. "

Tags:black, god, jesus, african-american

Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the social group of Black women and argues that in spite of the achievements of the women's rights movement of the 1960s,many opportunities and pathways to self-actualization are not available to black women. The writer discusses that in a society in which Black women were slaves to whites and subservient to Black males, the struggles for equality that have existed in the world have not changed the social perception of Black females.

From the Paper
"In viewing the societal landscape it is evident that there are very few Black women that lead corporations, political entities or educational institutions. This is primarily because Black women as a social group have been overlooked and outcast by those outside of their culture, as well as those within it. It is often believed that the women's rights movement in the 1960s changed the existence of all women for the better, opening doors that created opportunity and a road toward self-actualization. Yet, for most Black women this was not the case."

Tags:black, women, development

Abstract
Compares Alain Locke's and Carolyn F. Gerald's proposals for a pseudo-militant black arts movement. Looks at how both authors view the self-image of the average black person as one that has been forced upon them by the white majority. The paper goes on to discuss how both authors see the need to change and recreate the black self-image, and their differing views on how to approach the task of creating this new image.

From the Paper
"The main difference between Locke and Gerald is the way in which they approach the new image-making task at hand. For Locke, it is entirely a creative process. He seeks to find whatever meaning in white culture that ought to be (for black culture has, after all, left parts of its meanings floating about in white space, such as musical influences). He additionally seeks to create new meanings that can interact healthily with white culture, to create a new American culture. Gerald is far more nihilistic. Her focus is more on destruction and the (justifiable) wrath of her people. Attempted culture creation in the presence of the white discourse has only led to failure and frustration. The white discourse must be destroyed."

Tags:black, artists/writers, global, race-identification, black, people, black, literature

Abstract
In this paper, Neihardt provides a different historical perspective of pioneer history through the perspective of Black Elk, a Native American. The paper examines how this anthropological dictation not only provides evidence of the genocide and racism that Europeans forced upon the Indians, but also how much more noble and moral Black Elk was though his tradition and honor of treaties. The writer proposes that by getting another perspective to the often-biased American history of how Native Americans are seen, the story of Black Elk resonates the truth of happened during pioneering expansion from the voice of the defeated.

From the Paper
"In this book review one can analyze the various anthropological dictations of the Native American, Black Elk, who was `interviewed' by the European John Neihardt. By examining various aspects of the expansionist policy of the Europeans who moved into the Dakota tribal region, one can realize an Indian perspective of how they were treated in the ensuing wars. In essence, Neihardt acts as a anthropological investigator that discovers the non-European point of view of the "Indian" Wars' with Black Elk. The purpose of the John Neihardt's book Black Elk Speaks is to give validity to the Native American side of the story when westward expansion was at is peak in the Dakota regions of the Old West. Neihardt's mission is to convey a different story of early pioneer European expansion than those found in American history books."

Tags:elk, neihardt, black

Abstract
This paper discusses the causes and effects of the Black Plague or the Black Death, as it was known to Europeans (or formerly known as the Bubonic Plague). It describes the nature of the Black Plague and its effects on individuals and communities. The paper then discusses how the Black Plague contributed to the end of feudalism in Europe.

From the Paper
"Europeans in the middle ages tended to be superstitious in their religious beliefs. As they searched for something or someone to blame for the wrath of the plague, all of their praying and blind faith did not protect them from being infected. Comets, earthquakes, astrological configurations and the sin of humankind were all examined as possible causes. Interestingly, as Christians watched as their cardinals, bishops, priests and other clergy fall dead, just as vulnerable as anyone else, the religious strength of the feudal structure began to decline, as well. It is thought that these events may have ignited the Protestant Reformation (Uretsky)."

Tags:Middle, Ages, bubonic, Black, Death, epidemic

Abstract
This paper discusses how the book "The Black Jacobins", by C. L. R. James, is an not only account of the Haitian Revolution, it is a close and personal account of the only slave revolt that ultimately resulted in the founding of a black republic in the heart of the Caribbean. By closely relating the French Revolution with the Haitian Revolution, roughly from 1791 to 1803, it looks at how James is able to show the reader how the two events effected each other. It shows how James examines the struggle for independence while providing an intimate look at those involved, especially the slaves. James offers a perspective of black history that empowers black people, illustrating how they responded to and overcame slavery, especially under the leadership of Toussaint L'Ouverture.

From the Paper
"Class structure was important to James, as he believed it was based more on economic needs rather than racial divisions; the economic forces proved to be more influential than the racial boundaries did. James admits that this did not erase the presence of racism, it simply points out that greed for economic and class status were often considered more important than race and can thus influence race prejudice. However, because the elite continually tries to re-implement the order and establish their elite class over and over again, according to James. Within the slave community, James also distinguishes an "upper" class of servants. These servants cultivated themselves and learned as much as they could. From their unique position, they could see the unfairness of society; their knowledge would later help them serve their people on a higher level."

Tags:haitian, revolution, slave, revolt, black, republic

Abstract
This is an informative paper on what exactly a black hole is and what scientists have theorized about black holes. The paper examines the formation of black holes, past research on black holes and pondering questions still unanswered today.

From the Paper
"Ever since you were old enough to know what the sky, moon and stars were, you have always imagined what is actually up there? One of the most fascinating ideas of all is the mysterious and scary thought of a BLACK HOLE! This is perfectly normal because even today scientists are still pondering over that same question - what is a black hole and does it exist? Theories that at one time seemed reasonable are now laughed at, our skies hold an infinite space which we will never be able to explore, as a result, our questions will be infinite as well."

Tags:astronomy, black, holes, science, stars, universe, infinity

Abstract
People react to discrimination in different ways. Some let it discourage them, some run away form it, and others hate it so much that they become bigots themselves. There are, however, positive ways of reacting to discrimination. Discrimination can motivate people to survive and become successful so that they can try to prevent it in the future. This paper explores works by Langston Hughes, Brent Staples, Richard Wright, and Alice Walker, authors of short stories concerning different African-American characters facing issues of race and discrimination. The paper shows that, by reading their stories, one gets a clear understanding that when faced with discrimination, it is best to keep a positive attitude rather than a negative one. In these stories, the characters that do keep a positive, more realistic attitude toward racial issues and discrimination tend to turn out more successful, mentally, than the characters that react to these issues negatively. Works analyzed include, "One Friday Morning" (Langston Hughes), "Black Men and Public Space" (Brent Staples), and "Everyday Use" by Alice Walker.

From the Paper
"Brent Staples' reaction to discrimination and racial profiling is what gives him a better attitude and outcome. In "Black Men and Public Space," Staples discusses how he is a victim of these every day. Walking down the street at night, white people, especially women, would quickly walk away form his direction. In subways, white people would sit nervously as if waiting for him to attack. Even merchants in retail stores would give mean glares when he entered their store. Staples describes feeling "surprised, embarrassed and dismayed, all at once." This sort of environment could quickly erode a person's spirit. In his situation, most would become angry and resentful. Staples, however, realizes that he cannot allow this to happen."

Tags:Nancy, Lee, heritage

Abstract
This paper presents a detailed exploration of the Islamic revolution of 1979 in Iran. The paper reviews and examines the events leading up to the revolution, discusses the revolution and analyzes the impact it has had on Iran to date. The paper concludes with a theory regarding the dangers of replacing an unpopular leader.

Outline:
Introduction
Before the Revolution
Then and Now
The Revolution
Conclusion

From the Paper
"On January 16, 1979 the Prime Minister demanded that the Shah leave his post of power and step aside for a new regime.
The Shah faced with the growing anger against him and fearing a violent confrontation did as he was told. While it was not an official violent and forcible overthrow of his regime it has been viewed by many as an overthrow as he believed he had no choice but to vacate as ordered or face a violent confrontation.
Once this happened Imam Khomeini was immediately asked to return from years of exile and take the lead of the nation. He was asked to create a Vatican like state. He was also called to help preserve the constitution which was at risk immediately following the revolution. In addition, he was asked to promise free elections to the people so that they would be able to have a voice in who and how their government would be run in the future(Iran's Revolution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Revolution).
He ignored those requests, even from the very people who assisted in exiling the Shah and returning him to power, and instead chose to institute an interim government of his own that he chose and handpicked. "

Tags:black, friday, Khomeini, dictator, spiritual, religous, leader, shah, exile