Abstract This paper discusses the term 'double bind', first introduced by Gregory Bateson et al in their work entitled, "Towards a Theory of Schizophrenia". The paper explains that a double-bind describes a contradiction of sorts, especially between familial relations, and characteristically communicates a negative tone towards the subject or victim. The paper attempts to offers a more informed perspective on Bateson's double-bind theory in order to provide insight as to how people use language in order to communicate order(s) and tone. The paper uses MLA style footnotes and in-text citation but does not include a works cited page.
From the Paper "A double bind has three basic requirements: a first order (premise 1), a second order (premise 2), and a conclusive tone (conclusion). In the aforementioned example, the premise 1 is "go ahead, criticize me," the premise 2 is "strongly hints," and the conclusion is that "all effective criticism...will be very unwelcome." It should be noted that the second order or the premise 2 does not have to be a verbal command/order, but can be communicated in any sort of linguistic communication (by gestures, tones, and the like). This is the basic formula for a double bind, which is can obviously be seen as a part of daily interaction between people. "
This paper presents electron paramagnetic resonance and oxygen binding studies of -nitrosyl hemoglobin - a novel oxygen carrier having NO (Nitric Oxide) assisted allosteric functions.
Abstract This paper shows that Nitric Oxide (NO) is a very popular compound to investigate in the scientific community today. It is physiologically ubiquitous as a potent vasodilator, neurotransmitter, and immuno-active agent at low concentrations and it is produced and recycled in the respiratory tract to regulate the airway. This paper discusses in detail the mechanism behind oxygen binding and release by hemoglobin as it relates NO bound to the Hemoglobin. The oxygen affinity dynamics of native Hemoglobin and nitrosylated Hb are compared. The research also reveals that although NO has a much higher affinity than oxygen or carbon monoxide for Hemoglobin, NO behaves differently than these other ligands and is not as toxic to normal Hb oxygen binding as previously assumed.
From the Paper "Small, unicellular aerobic organisms can obtain oxygen required for metabolism by simple diffusion from the environment. Most multicellular organisms have too great a surface area and many cells not in contact with the environment. They require circulatory systems that transport oxygen from gas-exchange organs to other tissues. In vertebrates, oxygen is bound to molecules of Hemoglobin (Hb) or transport in Red Blood Cells. Mammalian Hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of four polypeptide chains; two a and two b. Six ligands are coordinated to the ferrous iron, with the ligands in octahedral geometry around the metal cation (figure 1). In aqueous solution, free heme does not does not reversibly bind oxygen. Instead the Fe(II) is rapidly oxidized to Fe(III) when it gives up an electron to oxygen. The quaternary structure of hemoglobin prevents formal transfer of an electron and allows it to reversibly bind O2. Positively charged amino acid residues stabilize to negatively charged diatomic oxygen without an ionic bond. Hemoglobin unbound to oxygen is called deoxyhemoglobin and has a low affinity for oxygen. Once one oxygen molecule binds to the Fe, the proximal Histadine (figure 1) moves closer to the porphyrin ring because the Fe is now bound to six ligands instead of five. This disrupts the stabilizing ions that interact with Hb. The remaining Heme groups have an increased affinity for Oxygen. In addition to this positive cooperatively of binding, allosteric interactions regulate the binding and release of oxygen by Hb (Horton, 1996)."
Abstract This paper examines the ancient Chinese custom of foot binding. The paper details the history of this ritual and the socio-cultural role it played in Chinese society. Then the paper turns to an analysis of the metaphoric significance of foot binding in literature and on film. Works studied include the James Michener epic novel "Hawaii" and the film "The Hawaiians", which is based on the novel and the film "The Inn of the Sixth Happiness".
From the Paper "James Michener explored the Chinese culture in his epic novel Hawaii, which was made into two films, the second of which, The Hawaiians, dealt with the Chinese woman Char Nyuk Tsin, and her husband, Kee Mun Ki. While the practice of foot binding is never a central theme or issue of either the novel or the film, it is an underlying element in the plot structure and character development. Char Nyuk Tsin is a peasant woman of Hakka, a mountain village that traditionally does not bind the feet of their women, since they are required to carry heavy loads up and down steep and rocky terrain. A rival neighboring village practices the custom, considering it a mark of ignorance that their neighbors leave their women's feet to grow naturally.When the Chinese are imported to Hawaii to work in the fields, the first women allowed on the islands are the women with strong, unbound feet. Chinese women with bound feet are not among the early Chinese allowed to relocate in the Hawaiian Islands, since their usefulness as laborers is limited."
Abstract The paper asserts that representative democracy in the United States has been seriously undermined by a President who violates the Constitution and federal laws whenever he feels like it. The paper discusses the non-binding resolution against the troop surge passed by the House of Representatives that had no chance of preventing the surge. The paper argues that unless the current president is impeached and removed from office by the Senate, no other resolution or bill passed by Congress will prevent him from implementing any policy he chooses.
From the Paper "The non-binding resolution passed by the House on February 16 did not prevent the troop surge, and if the past seven years are any indication, no other resolution or bill passed by Congress will prevent the current president from implementing any policy he chooses, for he has and will continue to invoke what he calls "unitary executive" powers in order to authorize and justify his actions. At some point, Democrats in Congress may finally figure out that Impeaching this president is the only way to restore responsibility to the White House, will do so, and will call upon the Senate to convict him for multiple Impeachable offenses."
Abstract This paper presents a review of the book "The Tie That Binds". It begins with a summary of the story, its setting and characters. The experience of sharing in the characters' pain and suffering, as well as becoming familiar with the characters' personalities, strengths and weaknesses is detailed.
From the Paper ""The Tie That Binds" by Kent Haruf is one of the best, more heartfelt novels I have read. A novel to break my heart and anger my soul, this book was a profound emotional experience for me, teaching me many things about the human spirit in the face of obstacles. Haruf immersed me in a hard and unloving atmosphere, and drowned me in the vivid unlucky details of the lives of his characters. He demonstrated beyond doubt that the victimization of each character by "life" is a crude result of simply being born.
Set in the immense land of eastern Colorado, and telling a story that spans more than half a century, the plot focuses on a woman named Edith Goodnough. The story, told as a narration by a man who knows of the woman and her long, grueling life, seeks to explain how an old woman has become, in the eyes of some, a murderer of her own brother. The narrator explains, through his story, that this woman was forced to work the land by a cruel father, left by a selfish brother, and then again forced to deal with that brother as he spirals into senility. The care and kindness of her heart in the face of her life's tragedy is a lesson in humanity. The reader first learns of impending disasters then smothers for details until much later when the pathetic event emerges in its fullness. One tragedy is not enough. Tragedy follows tragedy."
Abstract This paper examines the steps taken to transform an agreement into a contract. A contract's essential, natural and accidental elements are described, and the issues which are necessary for a valid contract, and for a contract to be legally binding, are outlined. The paper presents an overview of the necessary provisions written contracts must have. The stages a contract goes through are illustrated. Limitations of contracts are provided, and compensatory damages for a breach of contract are discussed.
From the Paper "A contract exists when two parties agree to exchange property, money or service. It is an agreement to do or not to do something. An agreement is, therefore, the most important prerequisite of a contract, whereby the parties assent mutually to the terms of the agreement or understanding. It is a promise made by the parties to each other (Legal Information Institute). Contracts, at times, are used interchangeably with covenant and stipulation, but not every agreement is a contract: only agreements, which are legally enforceable are considered contracts."
Abstract This is a reaction paper, which presents author's views on the article, 'The Magazine of a Sadomasochism Club: The Tie That Binds' written by Rick Houlberg.
This paper discusses George Herbert's poem "The Collar", a direct complaint voiced by a bitter person to show his discord with the restraints, which bind him so tightly.
750 words (approx. 3 pages), 0 sources, 2005, $ 26.95
Abstract This paper explains that George Herbert expresses in his poem "The Collar" that the chains, which bind him, are self-evident with the collar he must wear and that he must come to the self-realization that he must change his thoughts or deny God. The author points out that the poem as a whole is about the cleric talking to himself and should not be perceived as a prayer. The paper relates that, as the poem progresses, the images of "collars and cages" and "rope and cable" appear, which, for the most part, are not harmful but hinder him in some respects.
From the Paper "The person of whom Herbert is writing wants to be free from his human condition and of the duties that the collar represents. Back in Herbert's day, "The Collar" was representative of a condition that represented himself, something on the line of being entrapped or of being hemmed in and he is speaking abstractly of himself where he wants to break loose. Therefore he says, "I struck the board, and cried, No more" showing his frustration over the matter. (1). This is a very dramatic, arrogant and overstated act."
Abstract This paper examines August Wilson play "Joe Turner's Come and Gone" as symbolic of loss and redemption after the abolition of slavery. The author points out that Wilson uses Bynum's "binding song" as a main point of reference for the characterization of Bynum and Loomis.
From the Paper " In Joe Turner's "Come and Gone" the audience is faced with characters who are most certainly out of place in their surroundings. By setting his work during that period of American History known as The Great Migration, he opens our ..."
Tags: joe turner, august wilson, binding song, bynum, loomis
Abstract This paper presents Benjamin's model for childhood developmental stages, showing a sense of self (as learned from the mother) in relation to the other (the individual objective identity). Plato comparably defines these aspects of self in relation to his prisoners in the cave, as they clearly are mimicking what the shadows are teaching them on the wall after birth. However, according to the paper, identity in Benjamin's view can also come from outside sources that reveal the other that denies the immediate lessons one is taught as a new born.
From the Paper "This study will compare Jessica Benjamin's theory of 'self' and the 'other' within the scope of Plato's Cave Allegory. By analyzing the slow maternal sense of identity a child learns within a developmental mode, one can realize how Plato's Cave Allegory reveals a similar pattern within an evolving sense of self. Benjamin reveals the idea of self as being a series of illusions brought about by a maternal influence, but not without the basis of self being dissolved by refusing the 'other'. In this way, Benjamin's freedom or imprisonment of the infant mind is readily comparable to Plato's Cave Allegory as a symbolic representation of the discovery of self and the other. The Cave Allegory is a lesson in the fundamental principles of perception and knowledge that Plato imparts on the reader. "
Abstract This paper discusses the legal elements of a contract and the aspects that determine if a contract is binding or not. The paper discusses issues related to simulation and revision. It describes the performance, project structure and communication that must be present in a simulated case. It also addresses the importance of communication between companies.
From the Paper "To address these issues the contract should be renegotiated to include provisions of expectations for performance that allow for some degree of error. Yet, these errors must also be corrected within a reasonable period of time that is agreeable to both corporations (Collins, 1999, p. 251). In regard to the project structure, it would be more beneficial for both companies if there were specific points during the project in which the company leaders met to discuss the progress of the project and make alterations as needed to conform to change (Collins, 1999, p. 250). It is suggested that these meetings take place monthly, with adequate documentation being provided by all parties in order to ensure that the efforts of the leaders are worthwhile (Collins, 1999, p. 253)."
Abstract The paper explains that contract law has been developed as part of common law and is used to define the necessary parts of the contract and analyze risk in the contract situation. The paper looks at the requirements of a valid and legally binding contract and lists the various types of contracts. The paper also presents an example of an individual making an offer to acquire a property. The paper then looks at the function of communicating and reporting as part of the process of management and risk. Finally, the paper discusses the reasonable person test that can be included as a clause in a contract to help decide potential disputes.
From the Paper "There are certain elements required of a valid and legally binding contract. A contract is an agreement that involves an offer made and accepted. It is an agreement that is voluntarily created by persons with the capacity to contract. The objectives of the agreement must be legal, and usually the agreement must be supported by some consideration, or a bargained-for exchange of legal value. The law also requires written evidence of the existence of some agreements before they can be enforced, but there are other types of contract that may be valid without a written agreement."
Abstract The paper discusses whether a patient's irrational decision to refuse treatment is binding to a health care professional. The paper explores the arguments for and against the rights of irrational patients and brings several case studies to light. The paper reveals that the health care professional is bound to treat irrational patients who cannot be held accountable for their actions. The paper therefore shows that if there is no other family member or responsible party available, the health care professional must make some difficult and demanding choices, for if they do not, they could put themselves and their facility at risk of court action and liability.
From the Paper "Patient's rights are a critical concern in the health care profession today, and few will argue that a competent patient has the right to free will and to choose what happens to their own body. Some patients with religious convictions may choose to refuse certain treatments, such as abortion, and some patients from other cultures may refuse certain types of treatment that do not agree with their cultural beliefs. However, anyone who consciously desires treatment should be treated by the health care professional."
Abstract This paper examines the essay, "China Chic," written by Valerie Steele and John S. Major. The paper relates that the article addresses the significance of foot binding for Chinese culture and society and traces the evolution of the practice from that of status symbol to being a symbol of backwardness. The paper focuses on the content of the article.
From the Paper "Thus, the authors suggest that the elimination of foot binding reflected the modernization of Chinese culture, its desire for social as well as economic progress and to be viewed favorably by outsiders in an age of globalization. Just as foot binding once reflected the insularity and xenophobia of Chinese culture, the backlash against foot binding today indicates social progress and change. Although sexism prevails, it also does in Western societies. Foot binding should, according to Steele and Major, be examined as one facet of Chinese history, as a means to track Chinese cultural and social development."
