Abstract
The paper looks at the Toronto bike lane plan and examines the car culture there.

From the Paper
"Private automobiles have become one of the largest environmental problems on the planet. For example, "In Weaning Canadians from their Love of the Automobile Will Be an Uphill Slog", Michael Kieran declares, "Road vehicles account for 72% of transport energy consumption and 81% of petroleum fuel usage; in other words, road usage is responsible for two-thirds of the transportation emissions of greenhouse gases" (Kieran 2003: www. Cabe.ca)."

Tags:bike, lanes, toronto

Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the Toronto Bike plan. The writer explains that the city of Toronto has many bicycle riders and that the authorities wish to encourage this form of transport. The writer discusses the planning and policy of the plan in this article. Further, the writer looks at the implementation and administration of the Toronto Bike plan.

From the Paper
"The city of Toronto has many dedicated bicycle users. A Decima Research Poll in 1999 showed that 62% of Toronto households own a bicycle, and that 939,999 adults regularly bicycle in the city. Furthermore, an impressive 20% of Toronto residents regularly use their bicycle for transportation purposes, e.g. to work, school, shopping, etc. Another 28% regularly bicycle for recreational or exercise purposes. For its part, the City of Toronto states that it is committed to encouraging bicycling, and that the Toronto Bike Plan that it is currently working on is the latest evidence of this."

Tags:bikes, bikeway, toronto

Abstract
This paper is a description on the various types of learning within the mind and how this learning goes into riding a bike. The paper is a series of questions that are answered with a look at how riding a bike takes implicit learning. It also discusses how positive or negative reinforcement may be part of our behavior in learning to ride a bike.

Outline:
(a) Description of the selected learning situation of 'How to ride a Bike':
(b) Comparison of concepts of positive and negative reinforcement as they relate to the selected situation of 'How to ride a Bike':
(c) Explain the role of reward and punishment in your selected learning situation of 'How to ride a Bike' (d) Explain which form of instrumental conditioning would be most effective in your selected situation of 'How to ride a Bike'.

From the Paper
"Reinforcement constitutes anything which when follows a behavior, raises the possibility that the behavior will be repeated. Regardless of whether positive or negative reinforcement, it builds or maintains targeted behavior. In case of positive reinforcement, something is presented to the person who is seen as desirable and the targeted behavior gets repeated in order to gain the desired reinforcement. In case of negative reinforcement, the targeted behavior is done to get away from the reinforcement that may be viewed as aversive. The desired behavior acts on the environment with a view to remove the adverse stimuli or to remove or keep the individual from the situation. In case of the selected learning situation of learning how to ride a bike, fall from the bike negatively reinforces the behavior of trying to keep the balance and preventing fall. (Bruce; Borg, 2002)
"Among the fundamental distinction between classical and instrumental conditioning procedures is as regards the outcomes of the conditioned response. In case of instrumental conditioning, rewards and punishments are made to happen as an outcome of the learner's response or the failure of the same. The difference between the two procedures did not appear important to the earliest investigators of conditioning and the two procedures were used in a rather indiscriminate manner. In some experiments with shock, for instance, the shock was unavoidable and happened on each and every trial. In case of others the happening of the precise response prevented the initiation of the shock. Of late, the difference between these two procedures has come to be a matter of large scale interest. (Kimble; Hilgard; Marquis, 1961)"

Tags:instrumental conditioning, bicycle, adaptive learning, psychology

Abstract
This paper gives a case study for Schwinn bikes that addresses several issues, such as the strengths and weaknesses of Schwinn and the opportunities and threats that face the company. Additionally, the paper evaluates Schwinn's strategy of selling bikes for prices from $100 to $2,500, and Zell/Chilmark's decision to invest $50 million in Schwinn. The paper further calculates the break even point and the payback period.

From the Paper
"Two strengths of Schwinn are its name recognition and its brand loyalty. Another strength is that Schwinn currently has a percent market share in the United States. This percent market share can be used to generate additional sales in the billion retail bike market in contrast to a start up company that would have to start at the beginning in developing brand recognition and demand. Another strength of this company involves the decades of experience that Schwinn has in marketing and manufacturing which among other things has..."

Tags:evaluate, case study, schwinn bikes, market share, break even, profitability, business strategy

Abstract
This paper provides an outline for a mock trail on the issue of the End of Pocket Mini Bikes Treaty and whetgher it should be kept, in a case originally decided agaisnt the governemtn and then changed to for the government on appeal, noting the arguments for changing the decision and the aspects of the problem to be illuminated in the trial, from the point of view of an expert witness.

From the Paper
Against the law on the guidelines, re: mini pocket bikes Opposed to the decision of the Appeals Court In support of the original court decision The act does not fall under the Peace, Order and Good Government Clause Does not fall under the Trade and Commerce Clause Does not fall under the Criminal Law Power Interferes with provincial jurisdiction over Property and Civil Rights Requires the consent of the provincial government II. Qualifications Studied law and political science

Tags:mini, bikes, canada

Abstract
This study was undertaken with a purpose of analyzing and making recommendations based on the analysis of situation and strategy identified within the mountain bicycle industry. In particular, close attention is paid to Cannondale Corporation, the leading manufacturer and marketer of high-performance aluminum bicycles and its immediate rivals. Assessment of the nature and strength of competitive forces in the mountain bike industry is based on the five factors analysis and allow to identify key success factors that are a must for survival and profitability of any company that operates in the mountain bicycle industry. A graphical representation of current rivals allows to judge strength of the competition in the industry and influence the choice of alternatives and eventual recommendations for Cannondale corporation.

From the Paper
"The global bicycle industry, including bicycles, parts and accessories, is estimated to have total retail sales in excess of $20 billion. The bicycle-manufacturing segment of the industry produces approximately 100 million units per annum. The global market for bikes is reported to be dominated by just a few big players, many of whom seem to bounce from owner to owner, and from cash crisis to cash crisis, on a distractingly regular basis. (bikebiz.com). Even though people seem to be "saturated" with bicycles and the mountain bike boom is proclaimed to be over (bikebiz.com), comments of the cyclist community allow to conclude that the industry's and segment's decline is not likely. It was also noted that the worldwide cycling industry is waiting for the "next big thing" in cycling which will likely shift position of major players in the industry if they can't keep up with the trend."

Tags:analysis, bicycle, cannondale, corporation, driving, factors, forces, group, industry, key, map, market, mountain, penetration, strategic, strategy, success

Abstract
This paper explains that the likelihood of Luke Cool's receiving damages in this case depends on whether the actions of Super Bikes and La Brute Manufacturing can be described as having been executed using "reasonable care". The author points out that Luke may be entitled to both pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages from La Brute; however, Luke will likely only receive pecuniary damages in his suit against Super Bikes, as in contract law recovery of non-pecuniary damages is very rare. The paper concludes that, given that Luke was extraordinarily negligent in this case by not only continuing to ride the bike knowing it had a dangerous flaw, but also by riding on a difficult path and without a safety helmet, it is likely that his award in this case will be reduced significantly.

From the Paper
"Luke would have no likelihood of successfully suing the employee of Super Bikes who sold him the bike, or the employee who told him to return another day as the part was not in stock, as the law generally distinguishes between those who have a contractual obligation to perform, and those who may due the actual work. While he may sue the employees on the basis of tort of negligence, this is unlikely to be successful due to negligence being defined in the law as failure to show "reasonable care"."

Tags:reasonable, pecuniary, non-pecuniary, helmet, employee

Abstract
This paper defines the concept of community policing and contrast it with traditional policing. The paper also explains the effects that bicycle and foot patrols have on the community in terms of community policing. The paper suggests that officers are getting back into touch with their communities, reducing the confrontational atmosphere that has thickened over time.

From the Paper
"Community policing is not a new thing. Rather, it is a thing of the past, returning to popularity. Once upon a time police officers were more a part of the community rather than holding themselves apart from it as they did in the mid- to late-twentieth century. Today, it is not unusual to see police officers on bicycles or on foot, patrolling their neighborhoods. The return to community policing has been taking place over many years."

Tags:community, policing, patrols

Abstract
The paper is a synopsis of the Zongshen Industrial Group. It discusses how the company began operations as a small assembler of motorcycle engines and, over 18 years of operation, evolved into one of the top global manufacturers of motorcycles and small gasoline engines. The paper also explains how the company's decision to diversify and to add an additional business unit, e-bikes, to their existing business unit, gasoline, changed the course of the company's development. The paper summarizes that, because e-bikes became the direction of the future, the management began spending more in order to develop capabilities in this strategic business unit. Because the organizational structure was resistant to this change, and the long-term objective of Zongshen Industrial Group would be to develop a market leadership position in the e-bikes business unit, reaching this objective would require new and different skills.

From the Paper
"As a privately owned motorcycle manufacturer, Zongshen Industrial Group developed its business units based upon three areas: differentiation, supply chain management and product upgrades. Initially Zongshen had two subsidiaries: engine manufacturing and whole motorcycle assembly. At the time Zongshen did not have its own brand. In 2000, the management started to think about forming a group structure. This is the structure under which the company operates today. In order to address resistance to change, the company had implemented the strategy of differentiation. As a result there were traditional products and there were innovative products developed under the 'Cyclone' project. Diversifying to the e-bike market was the result of the 'Cyclone' project. The manufacturing of electric bikes was conducted by the unit of Zongshen PEM. It had been formed through the acquisition of PEM Technologies. Given the high rate of growth in both gasoline and electric bikes, the product structure of Zongshen Industrial Group was maintained accordingly."

Tags:differentiation, supply, upgrades, assembly, brand

Abstract
This paper takes three different forms of transport, the aXcess car, the Millennium Train and the PRST-4 Mountain Bike and analyzes how they work together with comprehensive pictures and diagrams. For each method of transformation it gives an overview and looks at the workings of the wheels, frame, body and brakes. It then proceeds to compare and contrast the differences between the wheels, frame, body and brakes in the different modes of transport. It concludes with a look at the process of forming for bike and car tires.

From the Paper
"The forming of a polyurethane micro cellular bike tyre (such as Urethon's tyres which are puncture proof and can be recycled) begins by metering a specially formulated liquid consisting of polyurethane, polyol and, isocyanate components in a high pressure-metering cylinder type polyurethane dispensing machine. The liquid then passes through an impingement chamber into a mould (a polyurethane elastomer, manufactured by casting a specially formulated polyurethane into different tyre sized aluminium moulds), which is designed to have different tread rings fitted, with nylon cord for reinforcement of the tyre pre fitted (the cord stops the tyre slipping from the wheel rim). The mould is then clamped to a centrifugal casting machine, which spins the moulds at between 200-400rpm."

Tags:millenium, train, mountain, bike, aXcess, car